Woodrow Wilson was the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1920. He was a Democrat and the first southern president elected since the Civil War. Wilson pursued a progressive agenda, pushing through antitrust laws, the Federal Reserve System, income tax and women's suffrage amendments, as well as other reforms. However, he struggled to keep the U.S. out of World War I until declaring war in 1917 after German submarine warfare and the Zimmerman Telegram. He campaigned for U.S. involvement to make the world safe for democracy but was unable to secure Senate approval of the Treaty of Versailles ending the war.