William James (1842-1910) was an American philosopher and psychologist who was among the most influential thinkers of the 19th century. As a professor at Harvard University, he was a leading thinker in psychology and later philosophy. Some of his major works included The Principles of Psychology (1890), which disputed Wilhelm Wundt's structuralism, and introduced the James-Lange theory of emotion. He also developed the philosophical concept of pragmatism, which assessed ideas based on their practical consequences rather than theoretical claims. James made significant contributions to psychology, philosophy of religion, metaphysics and other areas through his writings and teachings.
Structuralism was the first school of psychology and focused on breaking down mental processes into the most basic components. Researchers tried to understand the basic elements of consciousness using a method known as introspection. Wilhelm Wundt, founder of the first psychology lab, is often associated with this school of thought despite the fact that it was his student Edward B. Titchener who first coined the term to describe this school of thought.
Functionalism formed as a reaction to the structuralism and was heavily influenced by the work of William James and the evolutionary theory of Charles Darwin. Functionalists sought to explain the mental processes in a more systematic and accurate manner. Rather than focusing on the elements of consciousness, functionalists focused on the purpose of consciousness and behavior. Functionalism also emphasized individual differences, which had a profound impact on education.
his videos describes the key points of functionalism. The points mentioned in slides are core points. These points are important for paper point of view
https://youtu.be/kGyZHDa21pM
A presentation about William James' psychological school of thought known as Functionalism. These slides explain functionalism in a very easy language. They are pleasant to look at and fun to present while sticking to the concept.
Structuralism was the first school of psychology and focused on breaking down mental processes into the most basic components. Researchers tried to understand the basic elements of consciousness using a method known as introspection. Wilhelm Wundt, founder of the first psychology lab, is often associated with this school of thought despite the fact that it was his student Edward B. Titchener who first coined the term to describe this school of thought.
Functionalism formed as a reaction to the structuralism and was heavily influenced by the work of William James and the evolutionary theory of Charles Darwin. Functionalists sought to explain the mental processes in a more systematic and accurate manner. Rather than focusing on the elements of consciousness, functionalists focused on the purpose of consciousness and behavior. Functionalism also emphasized individual differences, which had a profound impact on education.
his videos describes the key points of functionalism. The points mentioned in slides are core points. These points are important for paper point of view
https://youtu.be/kGyZHDa21pM
A presentation about William James' psychological school of thought known as Functionalism. These slides explain functionalism in a very easy language. They are pleasant to look at and fun to present while sticking to the concept.
If you are searching modern techniques for teaching. This philosophy is fitted for you. Its simple but it gives the summary. Don't forget to recognize my name as your reference.
Yours truely,
ERIC L. BARROGA
If you are searching modern techniques for teaching. This philosophy is fitted for you. Its simple but it gives the summary. Don't forget to recognize my name as your reference.
Yours truely,
ERIC L. BARROGA
The history of psychology consists of a prescientific and a scientific epoch. The field of psychology as a scientific endeavor is a relatively new discipline, and borders on various other fields.
ASSIGNMENTContrast the Humanistic and Existential perspectives a.docxedmondpburgess27164
ASSIGNMENT
Contrast the Humanistic and Existential perspectives as they pertain to the concept of personality. Which philosophical assumptions were most important to Rogers? Using the Existential framework, how do times of change and crisis lead us to reconsider our values?
a post with a minimum of 300 words
READING
Personality Theory
Created July 7, 2017 by user
In contrast to both the often dark, subconscious emphasis of the psychodynamic theorists and the somewhat cold, calculated perspectives of behavioral/cognitive theorists, the humanistic psychologists focus on each individual’s potential for personal growth and self-actualization. Carl Rogers was influenced by strong religious experiences (both in America and in China) and his early clinical career in a children’s hospital. Consequently, he developed his therapeutic techniques and the accompanying theory in accordance with a positive and hopeful perspective. Rogers also focused on the unique characteristics and viewpoint of individuals.
Abraham Maslow is best known for his extensive studies on the most salient feature of the humanistic perspective: self-actualization. He is also the one who referred to humanistic psychology as the third force, after the psychodynamic and behavioral/cognitive perspectives, and he specifically addressed the need for psychology to move beyond its study of unhealthy individuals. He was also interested in the psychology of the work place, and his recognition in the business field has perhaps made him the most famous psychologist.
Henry Murray was an enigmatic figure, who seemingly failed to properly acknowledge the woman who inspired much of his work, and who believed his life had been something of a failure. Perhaps he felt remorse as a result of maintaining an extramarital affair with the aforementioned woman, thanks in large part to the advice and help of Carl Jung! Murray extended a primarily psychodynamic perspective to the study of human needs in normal individuals. His Thematic Apperception Test was one of the first psychological tests applied outside of a therapeutic setting, and it provided the basis for studying the need for achievement (something akin to a learned form of self-actualization).
Carl Rogers and Humanistic Psychology
Carl Rogers is the psychologist many people associate first with humanistic psychology, but he did not establish the field in the way that Freud established psychoanalysis. A few years older than Abraham Maslow, and having moved into clinical practice more directly, Rogers felt a need to develop a new theoretical perspective that fit with his clinical observations and personal beliefs. Thus, he was proposing a humanistic approach to psychology and, more specifically, psychotherapy before Maslow. It was Maslow, however, who used the term humanistic psychology as a direct contrast to behaviorism and psychoanalysis. And it was Maslow who contacted some friends,.
ASSIGNMENTContrast the Humanistic and Existential perspectiv.docxedmondpburgess27164
ASSIGNMENT
Contrast the Humanistic and Existential perspectives as they pertain to the concept of personality. Which philosophical assumptions were most important to Rogers? Using the Existential framework, how do times of change and crisis lead us to reconsider our values?
a post with a minimum of 300 words
READING
Personality Theory
Created
July 7, 2017
by
userMark Kelland
In contrast to both the often dark, subconscious emphasis of the psychodynamic theorists and the somewhat cold, calculated perspectives of behavioral/cognitive theorists, the humanistic psychologists focus on each individual’s potential for personal growth and self-actualization. Carl Rogers was influenced by strong religious experiences (both in America and in China) and his early clinical career in a children’s hospital. Consequently, he developed his therapeutic techniques and the accompanying theory in accordance with a positive and hopeful perspective. Rogers also focused on the unique characteristics and viewpoint of individuals.
Abraham Maslow is best known for his extensive studies on the most salient feature of the humanistic perspective: self-actualization. He is also the one who referred to humanistic psychology as the third force, after the psychodynamic and behavioral/cognitive perspectives, and he specifically addressed the need for psychology to move beyond its study of unhealthy individuals. He was also interested in the psychology of the work place, and his recognition in the business field has perhaps made him the most famous psychologist.
Henry Murray was an enigmatic figure, who seemingly failed to properly acknowledge the woman who inspired much of his work, and who believed his life had been something of a failure. Perhaps he felt remorse as a result of maintaining an extramarital affair with the aforementioned woman, thanks in large part to the advice and help of Carl Jung! Murray extended a primarily psychodynamic perspective to the study of human needs in normal individuals. His Thematic Apperception Test was one of the first psychological tests applied outside of a therapeutic setting, and it provided the basis for studying the need for achievement (something akin to a learned form of self-actualization).
Carl Rogers and Humanistic Psychology
Carl Rogers is the psychologist many people associate first with humanistic psychology, but he did not establish the field in the way that Freud established psychoanalysis. A few years older than Abraham Maslow, and having moved into clinical practice more directly, Rogers felt a need to develop a new theoretical perspective that fit with his clinical observations and personal beliefs. Thus, he was proposing a humanistic approach to psychology and, more specifically, psychotherapy before Maslow. It was Maslow, however, who used the term humanistic psychology as a direct contrast to behaviorism and psychoanalysis. And it was Maslow who co.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
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How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
2. INTRODUCTION
William James is considered by many to be the most
insightful and stimulating of American philosophers,
as well as the second of the three great pragmatists
(the middle link between Charles Sanders
Peirce and John Dewey).
As a professor of psychology and of philosophy at
Harvard University, he became the most famous living
American psychologist and later the most famous
living American philosopher of his time.
Avoiding the logically tight systems typical of
European rationalists, such as the German idealists,
he cobbled together a psychology rich in philosophical
implications and a philosophy enriched by his
psychological expertise.
3. More specifically, his theory of the self and
his view of human belief as oriented towards
conscious action raised issues that required
him to turn to philosophy.
There he developed his pragmatic
epistemology, which considers the meaning of
ideas and the truth of beliefs not abstractly,
but in terms of the practical difference they
can make in people’s lives.
He explored the implications of this theory in
areas of religious belief, metaphysics, human
freedom and moral values, and social
philosophy.
4. His contributions in these areas included
critiques of long-standing philosophical
positions on such issues as freedom vs.
determinism, correspondence vs. coherence,
and dualism vs. materialism, as well as a
thorough analysis of a phenomenological
understanding of the self and consciousness,
a “forward-looking” conception of truth
(based on validation and revisable
experience), a thorough-going metaphysical
pluralism, and a commitment to a full view of
agency in connection with communal and
social concerns.
5. Thus he created one of the last great
philosophical systems in Western
thought, even if he did not live quite
long enough to complete every aspect of
it. The combination of his provocative
ideas and his engaging writing style has
contributed to the enduring impact of
his work.
6. SPOUSE :
Alice Howe Gibbens
(m.1878)
CHILDREN:
Henry, William, Herman
Margaret Mary and Alexander
7. around 1858
He studied painting with William Morris
Hunt while the family was living in Newport,
Rhode Island,.
1861
enrolled at the Lawrence Scientific
School, at Harvard University where he
developed into such topics as chemistry and
physiology.
1864
study at Harvard Medical School,he
took a break from his education to join Louis
Agassiz's expedition to the Amazon basin.
8. 1866
James returned to Harvard and resumed his
medical classes. He was often haunted by an
assortment of ailments accompanied by depression
and suicidal thoughts. After a depressive collapse,
James left for two years and spent time in France
and Germany, studying with Helmholtz and learning of
the New Psychology.
1869
He received his doctorate, after earning his
medical degree, he decided not to practice medicine.
He eventually became a lecturer at Harvard
University. Initially a lecturer in physiology, he went
to teach psychology and philosophy.
9. ACHIEVEMENTS
1972
James was asked to teach physiology at Harvard.
He taught anatomy and physiology and spent the
rest of 1873 and 1874 recuperating in Europe,
primarily Italy. Slowly, he began infiltrating
physiological psychology into his courses at
Harvard,
1875
he began teaching psychology, beginning with
“The Relations between Physiology and
Psychology”. It has been said that James joked
that the first psychology lecture he ever heard
was his own.
10. The same year, he established the first
laboratory of experimental psychology in
the United States
1878
he signed a publishing contract with
Henry Holt and began working on his book
,The Principles of Psychology, during his
honeymoon .One year after the tragedy of
losing his son, he move to Cambridge.
11. In 1879, James began teaching
philosophy at Harvard, becoming an
assistant professor of philosophy the
next year.
He published “The Sentiment of
Rationality,” his first important article
in his new discipline. As he got deeper
into philosophy, he developed a negative
attitude towards psychology.
12. After becoming a full professor of philosophy in
1885 and of psychology in 1889, he published
his Principles of Psychology in 1890. It had taken
him close to twelve years to finish it, and, though
it would be extremely successful, he was
dissatisfied with it and disgusted with psychology
1886
James finished and published his most
renowned and influential book, The Principles of
Psychology, combining his ideas on psychology and
philosophy. The book was written with much
clarity and charm and vehemently disputed
Wundt’s view of psychology, more specifically
13. In 1897
James’s first philosophical book, The
Will to Believe and Other Essays in
Popular Philosophy, was published,
dedicated to Charles Sanders Peirce.
1898
he lectured on pragmatism in
“Philosophical Conceptions and Practical
Results.” He stated that humans were
practical beings and their mind is to be
used to adapt to the ways of the world
14. James also promoted Educational
Psychology. His lectures to Cambridge professors
were compiled and published in 1899, Talks to
Teachers on Psychology and to Students on Some of
Life’s Ideals. These lectures were used to train
teachers and professors throughout the nation for
thirty years after his publication
During the end of the turn of the century,
James was a member of the American Philosophical
Association and the American Psychological
Association.
15. He continued to lecture and publish
works based now primarily on philosophy and
religious ideas. His religious publications
included ten essays comprised in The Will to
Believe, discussing his philosophies and the
emotional risk of religion.
After receiving an honorary doctorate
from Harvard in 1903, James and his brother
embarked on a trip to the Mediterranean and
attended the Fifth International Congress of
Psychology in Rome. Like the United States,
all of Italy admired James.
16.
James wrote considerably on the concept of pragmatism.
According to pragmatism, the truth of an idea can never be
proven. James proposed we instead focus on what he called the
"cash value," or usefulness, of an idea.
James opposed the structuralist focus on introspection and
breaking down mental events to the smallest elements. Instead,
James focused on the wholeness of an event, taking into the
impact of the environment on behavior.
The James-Lange theory of emotion proposes that an event
triggers a physiological reaction, which we then interpret.
According to this theory, emotions are caused by our
interpretations of these physiological reactions. Both James and
the Danish physiologist Carl Lange independently proposed the
theory.
17. (1890) The Principles of Psychology. Classics
in the History of Psychology, an internet
resource developed by Christopher D. Green
of York University, Toronto, Ontario.
(1897) The Will to Believe
(1907) Pragmatism: A new name for some old
ways of thinking. New York: Longman Green
and Co.
18. James became more interested in
philosophical issues as his career progressed.
In 1902, he published The Varieties of
Religious Experience, which is considered to
be another one of his leading works.
Pragmatism(1907) further explored his
philosophical beliefs.
A Pluralistic Universe (1909) proved to be his
last major work to be published during his
lifetime.
19. he receives an honorary doctorate
from Harvard in 1903
20. As a professor of psychology and of philosophy at
Harvard University, he became the most famous
living American psychologist and later the most
famous living American philosopher of his time