Wildlife management
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Captive management involves keeping animals in enclosed spaces to assist the survival of their species. It typically occurs in zoos, universities, or research centers where individuals are closely monitored as part of a conservation program. The goal of captive management is the protection, preservation, and careful management of species through conditions that allow in-depth study, breeding programs, and public awareness while working to restore populations in the wild. However, captivity can also negatively impact individual animals' health and mortality while poorly managed programs risk harming wild populations.
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Diphyllobothriasis is caused by tapeworms of the genus Diphyllobothrium. People become infected by eating undercooked freshwater fish containing plerocercoid larvae. The larvae mature into adult tapeworms in the small intestine. Tapeworms shed eggs that are passed in feces and ingested by crustaceans. Fish eat the crustaceans and are eaten by larger fish or humans, continuing the cycle. Symptoms are usually mild. Diagnosis is by finding eggs or segments in stool. Treatment is with praziquantel or niclosamide. Prevention involves proper cooking of fish and good sanitation.
Rats
Rats are medium-sized rodents that are commonly distinguished from mice by their larger size. The best known rat species are the black rat and brown rat, which originated in Asia. Rats can carry diseases and have caused epidemics like the Black Death. While some rats are considered pests, others are kept as pets or used in scientific research due to their intelligence and ability to learn. Rat meat is also consumed as a food in some cultures.
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ranging from small to large, with mostly in medium size. Some among these
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and Rings (
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and
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) are weak fliers. Three study sites i.e., Lankamalai of Kadapa
district, Talakona and Tirumala Hills of Chittoor district of Eastern Ghats of Southern
Andhra Pradesh were chosen.
Captive breeding method has been adopted for
restocking the population.
Nearly 26 Nymphalidae species were identified from
6 sub families. Species diversity
was calculated by using Simpson’s diversity indices
along with the seasonality and population index, richness and evenness of the species
were also discussed.The earth natures
The document summarizes the five kingdoms of life: Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, and Monera. It provides details about each kingdom, such as Animalia containing over 1 million known species of multicellular heterotrophs, Plantae being the second largest kingdom containing familiar plants, and Fungi obtaining nutrients by decomposing dead or decaying organic matter. The kingdoms are divided based on cell structure and whether organisms are autotrophs or heterotrophs.
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This document discusses the use of broad-spectrum heartworm medications to prevent common internal and external parasites in cats. It describes how these medications can effectively eliminate the intestinal parasites Toxocara cati and Ancylostoma tubaeforme in cats through monthly administration. It also explains that while these medications may not prevent all internal parasites, they can control many common external parasites like fleas and ticks when used alone or combined with other treatments. The document emphasizes that establishing consistent preventive treatment programs is important for parasite control in cats.
Captive breeding with case studies
Captive breeding involves breeding endangered animals in controlled, managed environments like zoos, wildlife reserves, and conservation facilities. It aims to conserve biodiversity by saving species from extinction and potentially reintroducing them to natural habitats. While captive breeding has successfully saved some species, it faces challenges like maintaining genetic diversity, adapting animal behavior for survival in the wild, and loss of natural habitat. New technologies studying gene expression and stem cells may help overcome some issues and further the goals of captive breeding programs.
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Assignment 11. Research at least two articles on the topic of .docx
Assignment 1
1. Research at least two articles on the topic of managerial issues of a networked organization. Write a brief synthesis and summary of the two articles. How are the topics of the two articles related? What information was relevant and why?
Provide the references in your responses.
Your post should be 300 words long
2. Research at least two articles on the topic of emerging enterprise network applications. Write a brief synthesis and summary of the two articles. How are the topics of the two articles related? What information was relevant and why?
Provide the references in your responses.
Your post should be 300 words long
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DITA WICKINS-DRAŽILOVÁ
ZOO ANIMAL WELFARE
(Accepted in revised form August 25, 2005)
ABSTRACT. The continuing existence of zoos and their good purposes such as
conservation, science, education, and recreation, can be ethically justified only if zoos
guarantee the welfare of their animals. The usual criteria for measuring animal
welfare in zoos are physical health, long life, and reproduction. This paper looks at
these criteria and finds them insufficient. Additional criteria are submitted to expand
the range of welfare considerations: natural and abnormal behavior; freedom and
choice; and dignity. All these criteria should play a role in analyzing zoo animal
welfare and interests but dignity has the overriding part because it impacts on both
animal and human interests.
KEY WORDS: animal, dignity, ethics, reintroduction, welfare, zoos
1. INTRODUCTION
Ethical justification for the existence of zoos is questionable. Justifications
have been given for their existence, such as conservation, education, science,
and recreation, but all these purposes have been criticized (e.g., Jamieson,
1985). However, the question raised in this paper is that of animal welfare in
terms of individual animal interests.1
Zoos often claim that having healthy, long-lived animals that reproduce
is sufficient proof of good care. I believe that these three criteria have to be
examined more closely and also that there are other important criteria of
zoo animal welfare: natural and abnormal behavior, freedom and choice,
and dignity. All these criteria should play a role in analyzing zoo animal
welfare and interests.2 I will examine whether a zoo that has the best pos-
sible conservation, education, and scientific programs can be justified in the
light of my new criteria.
1 I refuse to use the term ‘‘animal rights.’’ I think this term makes sense only in legal
discussions, while this paper is not about legal rights.
2 These criteria are artificially divided. It is never possible to say that this anim ...
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Modes of wildlife conservation
The document discusses several topics related to wildlife conservation and management, including the study and preservation of habitats, wildlife research, legislation, veterinary services, education, and establishing protected areas. Effective conservation requires taking measures to protect habitats from degradation, improve habitats, conduct population censuses, enforce protective laws, provide veterinary care, increase public awareness through education, and set aside protected areas for threatened species.
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1) The document discusses animal rights and the use of dolphins in captivity for entertainment purposes. It notes that dolphins are social creatures that suffer in small enclosed tanks, experiencing shortened lifespans, aggression, and psychological issues.
2) It then discusses the functions of organizations that protect animal rights such as PETA. PETA campaigns against animal testing and uses various initiatives and litigation to end abusive treatment of animals in industries like cosmetics, automotive, fashion, and entertainment.
3) The document also discusses speciesism and how animals deserve moral consideration and protections from mistreatment and suffering similar to humans. It analyzes arguments for and against using animals in research but notes there should be efforts to minimize
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The document discusses various biotechnological methods that can be used for production and conservation of animal genetic resources, including cryopreservation, in vitro production of embryos, cloning, embryo culture and transfer, artificial insemination, and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Cryopreservation allows storage of materials like cells, tissues, gametes, and DNA samples in a genetic databank. Cloning through nuclear transplantation can be used to produce many viable identical embryos and offspring. Embryo culture and transfer introduces fertilized embryos into surrogate mothers. Artificial insemination and intracytoplasmic sperm injection are techniques used in livestock farming and reproduction.
The Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare
The document discusses the need for a Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare to recognize that animals are sentient beings that can experience suffering, and to promote their humane treatment globally. It outlines how improved animal welfare provides benefits to human health by reducing zoonotic diseases, to social development by shaping attitudes towards others, and supports environmental sustainability by encouraging responsible animal management practices. The declaration would encourage governments and organizations to adopt policies and actions to protect animal welfare and end cruelty.
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This document discusses reproductive and genetic control methods for insects, including sterilization techniques. It focuses on the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT), how it works to reduce insect populations by releasing sterile insects, and its successful use eradicating the screwworm fly. SIT involves rearing insects in a facility, sterilizing them with radiation or chemicals, and releasing large numbers to mate with wild insects, reducing future populations. Key applications include eliminating screwworms from islands and countries in North and Central America from the 1950s-1980s. The document also reviews advantages and limitations of SIT.
Experimental animal Guinea pigs.pptx
ANIMALS USED IN EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY
BY-
MANSEE ARYA
M. PHARMACY {COLOGY}
In the guidence of
DR. SAUMYA DAS
INTRODUCTION
Guinea pig is a Rodent which are closely related to porcupines and chinchillas.
Average weight is 750 grams.
It's common name is cavy .
They mainly have eleven breeds .
History of Guinea pig
Guinea pigs is not found naturally in the wild. It is a domestic animal, They are closely related to species of cavies, such as Cavy aperea, Cavy fulgida, and Cavy tschudii, which are still found in various regions of South America.
They are bred for meat production in South America for at least 3,000 years. In 16th century they were brought to Europe.
Since 1800s, they are used as experimental animals like in pathology, nutrition, genetics,and toxicology research.
They are used in traditional healing rituals by folk doctors, and mainy Black Guinea pig used to diagnose diseases such as jaundice, rheumatism, arthritis, and typhus.
Uses in research
Guinea pigs have been used in research for over 200 years. But their use has declined sharply in recent decades.
Their gentle temperament, commercial availability, and extensive historical use as a research model make them useful as research subjects.
They were more closely model human vitamin C metabolism and some immunological responses, for example, airway reactivity in asthma.
They are used by the pharmaceutical industry for preclinical testing of cardiac safety of new drugs, and hairless guinea pigs are used for development and testing of topical drug preparations
Availability and Sources
The shorthair albino English or Hartley guinea pig is used commonly in biomedical research, testing, and teaching.
Additional types of guinea pigs used in research include outbred pigmented guinea pigs, and a hairless Hartley guinea pig.
Laboratory Management and Husbandry
Guinea pigs are social animals and as such should be housed in compatible groups whenever possible .
The caging systems used for guinea pigs housed in research facilities include solid-sided, wire-mesh or solid-floor cages stacked vertically on racks, individual micro isolator cages, solid-bottom plastic caging, and solid-bottom plastic caging in a ventilated rack.
Feed is usually provided in a J-type feeder, which hangs inside the cage or is built into the cage door.
With solid-bottom, bedded cages is important to remove soiled, wet bedding and replace it as needed with fresh, and dry bedding.
Diet
Vegetarian diet – mix of veggies, hay, guinea pig-pellets .
Must consume vitamin C (~0.5mg/kg/day)
Young or pregnant pigs: alfalfa pellets and dry alfalfa hay
Adults: Clover and grass hay pellets and low-protein dry clover and grass hays .
Other food sources – Dandelion greens, Romaine or green leaf lettuce ,kale, carrots, apples, pears, turnips, beets, cucumbers
Handling Methods for Guinea pigs
Guinea pigs should be lifted by grasping the trunk with one hand while supporting the rare quarters with the other.
Use of Guinea pig
Effect of Exotic Species on Local Flora and Fauna in and around Sengaon
Effect of Exotic Species on Local Flora and Fauna in and around SengaonSSR Institute of International Journal of Life Sciences
ABSTRACT- The many exotic species introduction has been causing chaos in biological world as they turned in to invasive species by making interspecific competition stronger mentioned by Darwin in theory of natural selection. Effect of Parthenium spp. of plant and Clarias gariepinus of fish in India has been one of the problems in the same terms. In the present study we have noted the effect of a new exotic animal emu Dromaius novaehollandiae, fish Clarias gariepinus and plant Parthenium spp. collectively in the region, indicating its effect on other life forms because of absence of natural predators for the same.
Key-words- Exotic species, Invasive species, Emu, Clarias gariepinus, Parthenium spp., Dromaius novaehollandiae
Conservation Biology
Chapter 5.2 of Conservation Biology discusses methods for protecting biodiversity and natural resources. It covers legal protections for endangered species under acts like the U.S. Endangered Species Act and CITES. It also discusses preserving habitats through national parks and habitat corridors. Sustainable use programs aim to enable resource use while maintaining ecosystems. Reintroduction and species preservation programs work to save species like the California condor and black-footed ferret. Some species exist only in captivity.
Laboratory animals
This document discusses commonly used laboratory animals in research. It describes that mice, rats, hamsters, guinea pigs, rabbits, monkeys, dogs, zebrafish, and transgenic flies are frequently employed. Mice and rats are most popular due to their similarities to humans. Each animal type has distinct characteristics that make them suitable for different areas of research like medicine development, safety testing, and studying disease mechanisms and physiology. The document provides details on the typical strains, uses, advantages, and biological data of several common laboratory animal species.
SILVESTRES TRABAJO
This document provides information on the captive management of jaguars (Panthera onca) at Zoo Wild World. It includes details on the species' natural history, enclosure specifications according to regulations, nutritional requirements, enrichment programs, potential health issues, and educational programs. The zoo aims to generate educational and conservation activities while maintaining the jaguars and improving their conservation status. It houses two jaguars in a 150m2 enclosure meeting all technical requirements for the species.
MICROBIAL INTERACTION PPT/ MICROBIAL INTERACTION AND THEIR TYPES // PLANT MIC...
MICROBIAL INTERACTION PPT/ MICROBIAL INTERACTION AND THEIR TYPES // PLANT MIC...ABHISHEK SONI NIMT INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL AND PARAMEDCIAL SCIENCES , GOVT PG COLLEGE NOIDA
Microbial interaction
Microorganisms interacts with each other and can be physically associated with another organisms in a variety of ways.
One organism can be located on the surface of another organism as an ectobiont or located within another organism as endobiont.
Microbial interaction may be positive such as mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism or may be negative such as parasitism, predation or competition
Types of microbial interaction
Positive interaction: mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism
Negative interaction: Ammensalism (antagonism), parasitism, predation, competition
I. Mutualism:
It is defined as the relationship in which each organism in interaction gets benefits from association. It is an obligatory relationship in which mutualist and host are metabolically dependent on each other.
Mutualistic relationship is very specific where one member of association cannot be replaced by another species.
Mutualism require close physical contact between interacting organisms.
Relationship of mutualism allows organisms to exist in habitat that could not occupied by either species alone.
Mutualistic relationship between organisms allows them to act as a single organism.
Examples of mutualism:
i. Lichens:
Lichens are excellent example of mutualism.
They are the association of specific fungi and certain genus of algae. In lichen, fungal partner is called mycobiont and algal partner is called
II. Syntrophism:
It is an association in which the growth of one organism either depends on or improved by the substrate provided by another organism.
In syntrophism both organism in association gets benefits.
Compound A
Utilized by population 1
Compound B
Utilized by population 2
Compound C
utilized by both Population 1+2
Products
In this theoretical example of syntrophism, population 1 is able to utilize and metabolize compound A, forming compound B but cannot metabolize beyond compound B without co-operation of population 2. Population 2is unable to utilize compound A but it can metabolize compound B forming compound C. Then both population 1 and 2 are able to carry out metabolic reaction which leads to formation of end product that neither population could produce alone.
Examples of syntrophism:
i. Methanogenic ecosystem in sludge digester
Methane produced by methanogenic bacteria depends upon interspecies hydrogen transfer by other fermentative bacteria.
Anaerobic fermentative bacteria generate CO2 and H2 utilizing carbohydrates which is then utilized by methanogenic bacteria (Methanobacter) to produce methane.
ii. Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis:
In the minimal media, Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis are able to grow together but not alone.
The synergistic relationship between E. faecalis and L. arobinosus occurs in which E. faecalis require folic acid
Summary Of transcription and Translation.pdf
Hello Everyone Here We are Sharing You with The process of protien Synthesis in very short points you will be Able to understand It Very well
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Assignment 11. Research at least two articles on the topic of .docx
Assignment 1
1. Research at least two articles on the topic of managerial issues of a networked organization. Write a brief synthesis and summary of the two articles. How are the topics of the two articles related? What information was relevant and why?
Provide the references in your responses.
Your post should be 300 words long
2. Research at least two articles on the topic of emerging enterprise network applications. Write a brief synthesis and summary of the two articles. How are the topics of the two articles related? What information was relevant and why?
Provide the references in your responses.
Your post should be 300 words long
3. Research at least two articles on the topic of mobile computing and its business implications. Write a brief synthesis and summary of the two articles. How are the topics of the two articles related? What information was relevant and why?
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DITA WICKINS-DRAŽILOVÁ
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(Accepted in revised form August 25, 2005)
ABSTRACT. The continuing existence of zoos and their good purposes such as
conservation, science, education, and recreation, can be ethically justified only if zoos
guarantee the welfare of their animals. The usual criteria for measuring animal
welfare in zoos are physical health, long life, and reproduction. This paper looks at
these criteria and finds them insufficient. Additional criteria are submitted to expand
the range of welfare considerations: natural and abnormal behavior; freedom and
choice; and dignity. All these criteria should play a role in analyzing zoo animal
welfare and interests but dignity has the overriding part because it impacts on both
animal and human interests.
KEY WORDS: animal, dignity, ethics, reintroduction, welfare, zoos
1. INTRODUCTION
Ethical justification for the existence of zoos is questionable. Justifications
have been given for their existence, such as conservation, education, science,
and recreation, but all these purposes have been criticized (e.g., Jamieson,
1985). However, the question raised in this paper is that of animal welfare in
terms of individual animal interests.1
Zoos often claim that having healthy, long-lived animals that reproduce
is sufficient proof of good care. I believe that these three criteria have to be
examined more closely and also that there are other important criteria of
zoo animal welfare: natural and abnormal behavior, freedom and choice,
and dignity. All these criteria should play a role in analyzing zoo animal
welfare and interests.2 I will examine whether a zoo that has the best pos-
sible conservation, education, and scientific programs can be justified in the
light of my new criteria.
1 I refuse to use the term ‘‘animal rights.’’ I think this term makes sense only in legal
discussions, while this paper is not about legal rights.
2 These criteria are artificially divided. It is never possible to say that this anim ...
Presentation on Ex-Situ Conservation.pptx
This document discusses ex-situ conservation. Ex-situ conservation involves protecting endangered species outside of their natural habitats, such as in zoos, botanical gardens, seed banks, and captive breeding programs. The document provides examples of ex-situ conservation, including seed banks and gene banks. It also discusses the California condor captive breeding program as a case study of a successful ex-situ conservation effort that helped save the species from extinction.
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Sustainable development is the organizing principle for meeting human development goals while at the same time sustaining the ability of natural systems to provide the natural resources and ecosystem services upon which the economy and society depend. The desired result is a state of society where living conditions and resource use continue to meet human needs without undermining the integrity and stability of the natural system and sustainable development can be classified as development that meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future generation.
Endangered species and its conservation methods
Endangered species and its conservation methodsRajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge Technologies , Nuzvid
Define the following:
Normal species
Vulnerable species
Endangered species
Threaten species
Critically Endangered species
Rare species
Endemic species
Extinct species
Conservation of breeds
This document discusses the conservation of animal breeds in India. It notes that many indigenous breeds are declining or endangered. Conservation is important to preserve breeds for their current and future economic uses, as well as their cultural and scientific value. There are several conservation techniques, including ex-situ conservation like cryogenic preservation, and in-situ conservation of live populations. Gene pools and maintaining separate breeds are also discussed as conservation strategies. The document concludes by emphasizing the importance of conservation to save endangered populations and utilize breeds for research, culture, and future economic purposes.
Modes of wildlife conservation
The document discusses several topics related to wildlife conservation and management, including the study and preservation of habitats, wildlife research, legislation, veterinary services, education, and establishing protected areas. Effective conservation requires taking measures to protect habitats from degradation, improve habitats, conduct population censuses, enforce protective laws, provide veterinary care, increase public awareness through education, and set aside protected areas for threatened species.
Animal Rights
1) The document discusses animal rights and the use of dolphins in captivity for entertainment purposes. It notes that dolphins are social creatures that suffer in small enclosed tanks, experiencing shortened lifespans, aggression, and psychological issues.
2) It then discusses the functions of organizations that protect animal rights such as PETA. PETA campaigns against animal testing and uses various initiatives and litigation to end abusive treatment of animals in industries like cosmetics, automotive, fashion, and entertainment.
3) The document also discusses speciesism and how animals deserve moral consideration and protections from mistreatment and suffering similar to humans. It analyzes arguments for and against using animals in research but notes there should be efforts to minimize
Conservation of Biodiversity and AnGR.pptx
The document discusses various biotechnological methods that can be used for production and conservation of animal genetic resources, including cryopreservation, in vitro production of embryos, cloning, embryo culture and transfer, artificial insemination, and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Cryopreservation allows storage of materials like cells, tissues, gametes, and DNA samples in a genetic databank. Cloning through nuclear transplantation can be used to produce many viable identical embryos and offspring. Embryo culture and transfer introduces fertilized embryos into surrogate mothers. Artificial insemination and intracytoplasmic sperm injection are techniques used in livestock farming and reproduction.
The Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare
The document discusses the need for a Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare to recognize that animals are sentient beings that can experience suffering, and to promote their humane treatment globally. It outlines how improved animal welfare provides benefits to human health by reducing zoonotic diseases, to social development by shaping attitudes towards others, and supports environmental sustainability by encouraging responsible animal management practices. The declaration would encourage governments and organizations to adopt policies and actions to protect animal welfare and end cruelty.
Lecture-10.pdf
This document discusses reproductive and genetic control methods for insects, including sterilization techniques. It focuses on the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT), how it works to reduce insect populations by releasing sterile insects, and its successful use eradicating the screwworm fly. SIT involves rearing insects in a facility, sterilizing them with radiation or chemicals, and releasing large numbers to mate with wild insects, reducing future populations. Key applications include eliminating screwworms from islands and countries in North and Central America from the 1950s-1980s. The document also reviews advantages and limitations of SIT.
Experimental animal Guinea pigs.pptx
ANIMALS USED IN EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY
BY-
MANSEE ARYA
M. PHARMACY {COLOGY}
In the guidence of
DR. SAUMYA DAS
INTRODUCTION
Guinea pig is a Rodent which are closely related to porcupines and chinchillas.
Average weight is 750 grams.
It's common name is cavy .
They mainly have eleven breeds .
History of Guinea pig
Guinea pigs is not found naturally in the wild. It is a domestic animal, They are closely related to species of cavies, such as Cavy aperea, Cavy fulgida, and Cavy tschudii, which are still found in various regions of South America.
They are bred for meat production in South America for at least 3,000 years. In 16th century they were brought to Europe.
Since 1800s, they are used as experimental animals like in pathology, nutrition, genetics,and toxicology research.
They are used in traditional healing rituals by folk doctors, and mainy Black Guinea pig used to diagnose diseases such as jaundice, rheumatism, arthritis, and typhus.
Uses in research
Guinea pigs have been used in research for over 200 years. But their use has declined sharply in recent decades.
Their gentle temperament, commercial availability, and extensive historical use as a research model make them useful as research subjects.
They were more closely model human vitamin C metabolism and some immunological responses, for example, airway reactivity in asthma.
They are used by the pharmaceutical industry for preclinical testing of cardiac safety of new drugs, and hairless guinea pigs are used for development and testing of topical drug preparations
Availability and Sources
The shorthair albino English or Hartley guinea pig is used commonly in biomedical research, testing, and teaching.
Additional types of guinea pigs used in research include outbred pigmented guinea pigs, and a hairless Hartley guinea pig.
Laboratory Management and Husbandry
Guinea pigs are social animals and as such should be housed in compatible groups whenever possible .
The caging systems used for guinea pigs housed in research facilities include solid-sided, wire-mesh or solid-floor cages stacked vertically on racks, individual micro isolator cages, solid-bottom plastic caging, and solid-bottom plastic caging in a ventilated rack.
Feed is usually provided in a J-type feeder, which hangs inside the cage or is built into the cage door.
With solid-bottom, bedded cages is important to remove soiled, wet bedding and replace it as needed with fresh, and dry bedding.
Diet
Vegetarian diet – mix of veggies, hay, guinea pig-pellets .
Must consume vitamin C (~0.5mg/kg/day)
Young or pregnant pigs: alfalfa pellets and dry alfalfa hay
Adults: Clover and grass hay pellets and low-protein dry clover and grass hays .
Other food sources – Dandelion greens, Romaine or green leaf lettuce ,kale, carrots, apples, pears, turnips, beets, cucumbers
Handling Methods for Guinea pigs
Guinea pigs should be lifted by grasping the trunk with one hand while supporting the rare quarters with the other.
Use of Guinea pig
Effect of Exotic Species on Local Flora and Fauna in and around Sengaon
Effect of Exotic Species on Local Flora and Fauna in and around SengaonSSR Institute of International Journal of Life Sciences
ABSTRACT- The many exotic species introduction has been causing chaos in biological world as they turned in to invasive species by making interspecific competition stronger mentioned by Darwin in theory of natural selection. Effect of Parthenium spp. of plant and Clarias gariepinus of fish in India has been one of the problems in the same terms. In the present study we have noted the effect of a new exotic animal emu Dromaius novaehollandiae, fish Clarias gariepinus and plant Parthenium spp. collectively in the region, indicating its effect on other life forms because of absence of natural predators for the same.
Key-words- Exotic species, Invasive species, Emu, Clarias gariepinus, Parthenium spp., Dromaius novaehollandiae
Conservation Biology
Chapter 5.2 of Conservation Biology discusses methods for protecting biodiversity and natural resources. It covers legal protections for endangered species under acts like the U.S. Endangered Species Act and CITES. It also discusses preserving habitats through national parks and habitat corridors. Sustainable use programs aim to enable resource use while maintaining ecosystems. Reintroduction and species preservation programs work to save species like the California condor and black-footed ferret. Some species exist only in captivity.
Laboratory animals
This document discusses commonly used laboratory animals in research. It describes that mice, rats, hamsters, guinea pigs, rabbits, monkeys, dogs, zebrafish, and transgenic flies are frequently employed. Mice and rats are most popular due to their similarities to humans. Each animal type has distinct characteristics that make them suitable for different areas of research like medicine development, safety testing, and studying disease mechanisms and physiology. The document provides details on the typical strains, uses, advantages, and biological data of several common laboratory animal species.
SILVESTRES TRABAJO
This document provides information on the captive management of jaguars (Panthera onca) at Zoo Wild World. It includes details on the species' natural history, enclosure specifications according to regulations, nutritional requirements, enrichment programs, potential health issues, and educational programs. The zoo aims to generate educational and conservation activities while maintaining the jaguars and improving their conservation status. It houses two jaguars in a 150m2 enclosure meeting all technical requirements for the species.
Similar to Wildlife management (20)
in situ conservation wildlife and ex situ conservation.
in situ conservation wildlife and ex situ conservation.
Assignment 11. Research at least two articles on the topic of .docx
Assignment 11. Research at least two articles on the topic of .docx
software testing equivalence class Module 4 Session 1,2,3 (1).pptx
software testing equivalence class Module 4 Session 1,2,3 (1).pptx
Effect of Exotic Species on Local Flora and Fauna in and around Sengaon
Effect of Exotic Species on Local Flora and Fauna in and around Sengaon
Recently uploaded
MICROBIAL INTERACTION PPT/ MICROBIAL INTERACTION AND THEIR TYPES // PLANT MIC...
MICROBIAL INTERACTION PPT/ MICROBIAL INTERACTION AND THEIR TYPES // PLANT MIC...ABHISHEK SONI NIMT INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL AND PARAMEDCIAL SCIENCES , GOVT PG COLLEGE NOIDA
Microbial interaction
Microorganisms interacts with each other and can be physically associated with another organisms in a variety of ways.
One organism can be located on the surface of another organism as an ectobiont or located within another organism as endobiont.
Microbial interaction may be positive such as mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism or may be negative such as parasitism, predation or competition
Types of microbial interaction
Positive interaction: mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism
Negative interaction: Ammensalism (antagonism), parasitism, predation, competition
I. Mutualism:
It is defined as the relationship in which each organism in interaction gets benefits from association. It is an obligatory relationship in which mutualist and host are metabolically dependent on each other.
Mutualistic relationship is very specific where one member of association cannot be replaced by another species.
Mutualism require close physical contact between interacting organisms.
Relationship of mutualism allows organisms to exist in habitat that could not occupied by either species alone.
Mutualistic relationship between organisms allows them to act as a single organism.
Examples of mutualism:
i. Lichens:
Lichens are excellent example of mutualism.
They are the association of specific fungi and certain genus of algae. In lichen, fungal partner is called mycobiont and algal partner is called
II. Syntrophism:
It is an association in which the growth of one organism either depends on or improved by the substrate provided by another organism.
In syntrophism both organism in association gets benefits.
Compound A
Utilized by population 1
Compound B
Utilized by population 2
Compound C
utilized by both Population 1+2
Products
In this theoretical example of syntrophism, population 1 is able to utilize and metabolize compound A, forming compound B but cannot metabolize beyond compound B without co-operation of population 2. Population 2is unable to utilize compound A but it can metabolize compound B forming compound C. Then both population 1 and 2 are able to carry out metabolic reaction which leads to formation of end product that neither population could produce alone.
Examples of syntrophism:
i. Methanogenic ecosystem in sludge digester
Methane produced by methanogenic bacteria depends upon interspecies hydrogen transfer by other fermentative bacteria.
Anaerobic fermentative bacteria generate CO2 and H2 utilizing carbohydrates which is then utilized by methanogenic bacteria (Methanobacter) to produce methane.
ii. Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis:
In the minimal media, Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis are able to grow together but not alone.
The synergistic relationship between E. faecalis and L. arobinosus occurs in which E. faecalis require folic acid
Summary Of transcription and Translation.pdf
Hello Everyone Here We are Sharing You with The process of protien Synthesis in very short points you will be Able to understand It Very well
Discovery of An Apparent Red, High-Velocity Type Ia Supernova at 𝐳 = 2.9 wi...
We present the JWST discovery of SN 2023adsy, a transient object located in a host galaxy JADES-GS
+
53.13485
−
27.82088
with a host spectroscopic redshift of
2.903
±
0.007
. The transient was identified in deep James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam imaging from the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) program. Photometric and spectroscopic followup with NIRCam and NIRSpec, respectively, confirm the redshift and yield UV-NIR light-curve, NIR color, and spectroscopic information all consistent with a Type Ia classification. Despite its classification as a likely SN Ia, SN 2023adsy is both fairly red (
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(
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−
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)
∼
0.9
) despite a host galaxy with low-extinction and has a high Ca II velocity (
19
,
000
±
2
,
000
km/s) compared to the general population of SNe Ia. While these characteristics are consistent with some Ca-rich SNe Ia, particularly SN 2016hnk, SN 2023adsy is intrinsically brighter than the low-
�
Ca-rich population. Although such an object is too red for any low-
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cosmological sample, we apply a fiducial standardization approach to SN 2023adsy and find that the SN 2023adsy luminosity distance measurement is in excellent agreement (
≲
1
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) with
Λ
CDM. Therefore unlike low-
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Ca-rich SNe Ia, SN 2023adsy is standardizable and gives no indication that SN Ia standardized luminosities change significantly with redshift. A larger sample of distant SNe Ia is required to determine if SN Ia population characteristics at high-
�
truly diverge from their low-
�
counterparts, and to confirm that standardized luminosities nevertheless remain constant with redshift.
快速办理(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Gadgets for management of stored product pests_Dr.UPR.pdf
Insectsplayamajorroleinthedeteriorationoffoodgrainscausingbothquantitativeandqualitativelosses
Wellprovedthatnogranariescanbefilledwithgrainswithoutinsectsastheharvestedproducecontainegg(or)larvae(or)pupae(or)adultinsectinthembecauseoffieldcarryoverinfestationwhichcannotbeavoidedindevelopingcountrieslikeIndia
Simpletechnologiesfortimelydetectionofinsectsinthestoredproduceandtherebyplantimelycontrolmeasures
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
Direct Seeded Rice - Climate Smart Agriculture
Direct Seeded Rice - Climate Smart AgricultureInternational Food Policy Research Institute- South Asia Office
PPT on Direct Seeded Rice presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
在线办理(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证毕业完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
fermented food science of sauerkraut.pptx
This ppt contains the production of a fermented food name - sauerkraut
Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE .
Austrian-Slovenian HPC Meeting 2024 – ASHPC24, Seeblickhotel Grundlsee in Austria, 10–13 June 2024
https://ashpc.eu/
JAMES WEBB STUDY THE MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SEEDS
The pathway(s) to seeding the massive black holes (MBHs) that exist at the heart of galaxies in the present and distant Universe remains an unsolved problem. Here we categorise, describe and quantitatively discuss the formation pathways of both light and heavy seeds. We emphasise that the most recent computational models suggest that rather than a bimodal-like mass spectrum between light and heavy seeds with light at one end and heavy at the other that instead a continuum exists. Light seeds being more ubiquitous and the heavier seeds becoming less and less abundant due the rarer environmental conditions required for their formation. We therefore examine the different mechanisms that give rise to different seed mass spectrums. We show how and why the mechanisms that produce the heaviest seeds are also among the rarest events in the Universe and are hence extremely unlikely to be the seeds for the vast majority of the MBH population. We quantify, within the limits of the current large uncertainties in the seeding processes, the expected number densities of the seed mass spectrum. We argue that light seeds must be at least 103 to 105 times more numerous than heavy seeds to explain the MBH population as a whole. Based on our current understanding of the seed population this makes heavy seeds (Mseed > 103 M⊙) a significantly more likely pathway given that heavy seeds have an abundance pattern than is close to and likely in excess of 10−4 compared to light seeds. Finally, we examine the current state-of-the-art in numerical calculations and recent observations and plot a path forward for near-future advances in both domains.
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
Context. The observation of several L-band emission sources in the S cluster has led to a rich discussion of their nature. However, a definitive answer to the classification of the dusty objects requires an explanation for the detection of compact Doppler-shifted Brγ emission. The ionized hydrogen in combination with the observation of mid-infrared L-band continuum emission suggests that most of these sources are embedded in a dusty envelope. These embedded sources are part of the S-cluster, and their relationship to the S-stars is still under debate. To date, the question of the origin of these two populations has been vague, although all explanations favor migration processes for the individual cluster members. Aims. This work revisits the S-cluster and its dusty members orbiting the supermassive black hole SgrA* on bound Keplerian orbits from a kinematic perspective. The aim is to explore the Keplerian parameters for patterns that might imply a nonrandom distribution of the sample. Additionally, various analytical aspects are considered to address the nature of the dusty sources. Methods. Based on the photometric analysis, we estimated the individual H−K and K−L colors for the source sample and compared the results to known cluster members. The classification revealed a noticeable contrast between the S-stars and the dusty sources. To fit the flux-density distribution, we utilized the radiative transfer code HYPERION and implemented a young stellar object Class I model. We obtained the position angle from the Keplerian fit results; additionally, we analyzed the distribution of the inclinations and the longitudes of the ascending node. Results. The colors of the dusty sources suggest a stellar nature consistent with the spectral energy distribution in the near and midinfrared domains. Furthermore, the evaporation timescales of dusty and gaseous clumps in the vicinity of SgrA* are much shorter ( 2yr) than the epochs covered by the observations (≈15yr). In addition to the strong evidence for the stellar classification of the D-sources, we also find a clear disk-like pattern following the arrangements of S-stars proposed in the literature. Furthermore, we find a global intrinsic inclination for all dusty sources of 60 ± 20◦, implying a common formation process. Conclusions. The pattern of the dusty sources manifested in the distribution of the position angles, inclinations, and longitudes of the ascending node strongly suggests two different scenarios: the main-sequence stars and the dusty stellar S-cluster sources share a common formation history or migrated with a similar formation channel in the vicinity of SgrA*. Alternatively, the gravitational influence of SgrA* in combination with a massive perturber, such as a putative intermediate mass black hole in the IRS 13 cluster, forces the dusty objects and S-stars to follow a particular orbital arrangement. Key words. stars: black holes– stars: formation– Galaxy: center– galaxies: star formation
11.1 Role of physical biological in deterioration of grains.pdf
Storagedeteriorationisanyformoflossinquantityandqualityofbio-materials.
Themajorcausesofdeteriorationinstorage
•Physical
•Biological
•Mechanical
•Chemical
Storageonlypreservesquality.Itneverimprovesquality.
Itisadvisabletostartstoragewithqualityfoodproduct.Productwithinitialpoorqualityquicklydepreciates
Methods of grain storage Structures in India.pdf
•Post-harvestlossesaccountforabout10%oftotalfoodgrainsduetounscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,
•Totalfoodgrainproductioninindiais311milliontonnesandstorageis145mt.InIndia,annualstoragelosseshavebeenestimated14mtworthofRs.7,000croreinwhichinsectsaloneaccountfornearlyRs.1,300crores.
•InIndiaoutofthetotalproduction,about30%ismarketablesurplus
•Remaining70%isretainedandstoredbyfarmersforconsumption,seed,feed.Hence,growerneedstoragefacilitytoholdaportionofproducetosellwhenthemarketingpriceisfavourable
•TradersandCo-operativesatmarketcentresneedstoragestructurestoholdgrainswhenthetransportfacilityisinadequate
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
Pests of Storage_Identification_Dr.UPR.pdf
InIndia-post-harvestlosses-unscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,accountforabout10percentoftotalfoodgrains
Graininfestation
Directdamage
Indirectly
•theexuviae,skin,deadinsects
•theirexcretawhichmakefoodunfitforhumanconsumption
About600speciesofinsectshavebeenassociatedwithstoredgrainproducts
100speciesofinsectpestsofstoredproductscauseeconomiclosses
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Wildlife management
- 1. UNIVERSITY Of HARIPUR TOPIC: CAPTIVE MANAGEMENT OF MAMMALS PRESENTED BY AHMED HASSAN Roll no: f19-0425 Subject: Wildlife Management 1
- 2. CAPTIVE MANAGEMENT Definition: Captive management is where animals are kept in captivity in some sort of enclosed space to assist survival of their species. 2
- 3. CAPTIVE MANAGEMENT This caption might be in a university lab, a zoo or a research center. The individuals are closely monitored and are usually part of a conservation. The protection, preservation and careful management of a species. 3
- 4. Conditions for caption All our native reptiles and amphibians are protected under the Wildlife Act 1953. It is illegal to keep any of these species in captivity without a permit from the Department of Conservation (DOC). DOC only issues permits for captive management when there is a clear benefit for the species involved. Anyone applying for a permit must prove that they are experienced and able to provide appropriate captive conditions. 4
- 5. Examples of captive managements In New Zealand, a number of reptile and amphibian species are represented in captive populations. Two well known examples include the Hochstetler's frogs at Hamilton Zoo and the tuatara at Victoria University of Wellington. 5
- 6. Benefits of captive management Captive populations provide the opportunity for more in- depth study, which is not practical in the wild. Captive breeding programmes can provide individuals for translocation Captive individuals on display can help to raise public awareness about the importance of conservation. The long-term goal for any captive management plan is always to restore or increase numbers of the species in the wild. 6
- 7. Problems with keeping animals in captivity While there are many benefits to keeping animals in captivity, there can be significant negative effects on individual animals, for example, higher mortality. There are also risks to wild populations if the programme is poorly managed. For example, if a captive frog infected with chytrid fungus was translocated to a wild population, the results could be devastating. 7