Automation is the use of control systems and information technologies to reduce the need for human work in production. It aims to improve productivity, address labor shortages, reduce fatigue and health issues, increase safety, and enable handling of hazardous jobs. There are three main types of automation: fixed automation for high-volume production, programmable automation for batch production, and flexible automation for variable production. Automation benefits include increased efficiency and flexibility but also high costs. Automation tools include PLCs, robotics, and machine control systems. Automation is used widely in industries like manufacturing, construction, healthcare, defense, agriculture, and utilities.

1. WHY AUTOMATION ???
G.Kalaiarasi
Assistant Professor
Department of ECE
Jai Shriram Engineering College,
Tirupur

2. AUTOMATION
 Use of control system and information technologies to
reduce the need for human work in the production of
goods and services
 Automation may….
Wibe-out certain jobs
Reduce contents of certain jobs
Combining several jobs to one

3. WHY AUTOMATION ?
 To improve productivity
 Shortage of skilled labours
 To reduce labour fatigue and health issues
 Increase safety Requirements
 To handle job in hazardous

4. EVOLUTION OF AUTOMATION..

5. FIXED AUTOMATION
 Equipments are used to automate the process in orderly
manner
Features:
 High initial investment
 High production rates
 Relatively inflexible in accommodating product variety

6. FIXED AUTOMATION

7. PROGRAMMABLE AUTOMATION
 Capability change the sequence of operations through re-
programming to accommodate different product of
configuration
Features:
 Suitable for batch production
 Low production rate than fixed automation
 Flexible to deal with variations and changes in product
configuration

8. PROGRAMMABLE AUTOMATION

9. FLEXIBLE AUTOMATION
 Extension of Programmable Automation. It is
capable of producing a variety of parts with virtually
time lost for changeovers from one part style to
next
Features:
 High Investment
 Continuous production with variable design
 Medium production rate

10. FLEXIBLE AUTOMATION

11. ATTRIBUTES AND ADVANTAGES OF
AUTOMATION
Automation When to consider Advantages Disadvantages
Fixed High demand volume
Long Product Life cycle
1.Maximum
Efficiency
2.Low unit cost
1.Inflexibility
2.Large initial
investment
Programmable Batch production, Products
with different options
1.Low unit cost for
large batches
2.Flexibility to deal
with changes in
product
1.New product
requires long
setup time
2.High unit cost
related to fixed
automation
Flexible Low production rates,
Varying demand
1.Flexiblilty to deal
with design
variations
2.Customized
products
1.Large initial
investment
2.High unit cost
related to fixed or
programmable
automation

12. AUTOMATION TOOLS
 ANN-Artificial Neural Networks
 DCS- Distributed Control system
 HMI- Human Machine Interface
 SCADA- Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
 PLC- Programmable Logic Controller
 PAC-Programmable Automation Controller
 Instrumentation
 Motion Control
 Robotics

13. BEFORE AND AFTER AUTOMATION

14. PLC AUTOMATION

15. APPLICATIONS
HOME AUTOMATION
 Simplification of complex tasks
 Centralized control of home
systems via smart phone
 Enhanced convenience and
comport
 Access and use home systems
from anywhere
 Monitor security of home even
you where miles away
 Save time and money

16. INDUSTRY AUTOMATION
 More efficient production
 Avoids boring and repetitive
jobs
 Improve safety and remove
risk of human error
 Can give consumer greater
choice of goods

17. CONSTRUCTION AUTOMATION
 Enhance the capabilities of
employee
 Increased the productivity
mechanism and amount of
work done
 Provide quality of end product
 Reduce product damage

18. AUTOMATION IN MEDICAL
 High definition 3D vision
 Greater precision
 Motion scaling
 Resistance to radiation and
infection
 Scale motion
 Can use diverse sensors in
control
 Stable and untiring

19. AUTOMATION IN DEFENSE
 Protect a country from
incoming enemy Missiles,
Aircrafts, Choppers, Nuke
Missiles etc…
 Highly useful in protection to
armies residing in camps of
enemy territories from
airstrikes.
 Used even in NAVY

20. AUTOMATION IN AGRICULTURE
 Production of high quality food
and raw materials
 Rational use of natural resources
and preservation of environment
 The sensor should able to
measure the grain flow,
irrigation, Soil moisture with
sufficient accuracy
 Pest management
 Crop water management

21. AUTOMATION IN TRANSMISSION AND
DISTRIBUTION
 Remotely monitor the
distributed system
 Provides decision support
tools to improve the system
performance
 Improves tracking ,
monitoring and reporting.