Tom Godefrooij'in 7 Nisan 2011 günü Sürdürülebilir Ulaşım 2011 Kocaeli'de yaptığı sunum.
Presentation done by Tom Godefrooij on 7 April 2011 during Sustainable Transport 2011 Kocaeli, Turkey
Promoting Sustainable Active Transport - Elaine Mullan
IPH, Open, Conference, Belfast, Northern, Ireland, Dublin, Titanic, October, 2014, Health Public
Proven Health Benefits of Cycling a Guide by Rentomo.comRentomoIndia
Today, the scenario for our planet earth looks grave to say the least. Even world conferences aren't able to come with a planet saving scheme. This is a scenario crying out for a hero.
But, Who can be that hero? Answer is 'YOU'. You can make the difference by changing your lifestyle and by motivating others to do the same.
Cycling is one such need of the hour. It avoids noise and air pollution and does not cause harm to the environment. A very effective practice given today's scenario. But what's in it for you as an individual? Read this to know why you should take up this wonderful sport and contribute to your planet! Start cycling! Start saving planet earth! Go green!
Bike Facility Design and Creating an All Ages and Abilites Networkbikeed
Medford, a metropolitan city in Southern Oregon, is updating its transportation system plan (TSP). Under Oregon's Transportation Planning Rule (OAR 660-12), the City is required to provide a "safe and convenient" transportation network for all modes of travel: motor vehicles, pedestrians and people riding bicycles. The presentation focuses on why an "all ages and abilities" approach to the development of a bicycle network is essential to achieving the requirements of Oregon law and thus provide a "safe and convenient" network for bicycles.
(0661799) The Bicycle: A Human Powered VehicleAdam V
This integrated media series is about the bicycle. Throughout time, bikes have provided a means of transportation, recreation and physical fitness. There are three common types of biking which include cross country, downhill/free-ride and street riding, all of which are strongly reliant on endurance, handling/control and self-reliance.
Presented at the 2015 ACSP Conference this presentation provides an over of a paper evaluating the potential for trips on cargo bikes to substitute for car trips. While a large body of research has continued to investigate traditional bike transportation, cargo bikes offer the potential to capture trips for those that might otherwise be made by car. To investigate this, data from a survey of cargo bike users are evaluated using descriptive and inferential statistics. The survey queried how use and travel dynamics of characteristics with the hypothesis that cargo bike ownership has the potential to contribute to mode substitution behavior. From a descriptive standpoint, 68.9% of those surveyed changed their travel behavior after purchasing a cargo bike and the number of auto trips appeared to decline by 1-2 trips per day. Two key reasons cited for this change included the ability to get around with children and more gear. This is confirmed by regression models which underscore this trend towards increased active transport. Based on these results, further research could include focus on overcoming weather-related / elemental barriers (perhaps with an e-assist capacity), which continue to be an obstacle to every day cycling, and further investigation into families modeling healthy behaviors to children with cargo bikes
Tom Godefrooij'in 7 Nisan 2011 günü Sürdürülebilir Ulaşım 2011 Kocaeli'de yaptığı sunum.
Presentation done by Tom Godefrooij on 7 April 2011 during Sustainable Transport 2011 Kocaeli, Turkey
Promoting Sustainable Active Transport - Elaine Mullan
IPH, Open, Conference, Belfast, Northern, Ireland, Dublin, Titanic, October, 2014, Health Public
Proven Health Benefits of Cycling a Guide by Rentomo.comRentomoIndia
Today, the scenario for our planet earth looks grave to say the least. Even world conferences aren't able to come with a planet saving scheme. This is a scenario crying out for a hero.
But, Who can be that hero? Answer is 'YOU'. You can make the difference by changing your lifestyle and by motivating others to do the same.
Cycling is one such need of the hour. It avoids noise and air pollution and does not cause harm to the environment. A very effective practice given today's scenario. But what's in it for you as an individual? Read this to know why you should take up this wonderful sport and contribute to your planet! Start cycling! Start saving planet earth! Go green!
Bike Facility Design and Creating an All Ages and Abilites Networkbikeed
Medford, a metropolitan city in Southern Oregon, is updating its transportation system plan (TSP). Under Oregon's Transportation Planning Rule (OAR 660-12), the City is required to provide a "safe and convenient" transportation network for all modes of travel: motor vehicles, pedestrians and people riding bicycles. The presentation focuses on why an "all ages and abilities" approach to the development of a bicycle network is essential to achieving the requirements of Oregon law and thus provide a "safe and convenient" network for bicycles.
(0661799) The Bicycle: A Human Powered VehicleAdam V
This integrated media series is about the bicycle. Throughout time, bikes have provided a means of transportation, recreation and physical fitness. There are three common types of biking which include cross country, downhill/free-ride and street riding, all of which are strongly reliant on endurance, handling/control and self-reliance.
Presented at the 2015 ACSP Conference this presentation provides an over of a paper evaluating the potential for trips on cargo bikes to substitute for car trips. While a large body of research has continued to investigate traditional bike transportation, cargo bikes offer the potential to capture trips for those that might otherwise be made by car. To investigate this, data from a survey of cargo bike users are evaluated using descriptive and inferential statistics. The survey queried how use and travel dynamics of characteristics with the hypothesis that cargo bike ownership has the potential to contribute to mode substitution behavior. From a descriptive standpoint, 68.9% of those surveyed changed their travel behavior after purchasing a cargo bike and the number of auto trips appeared to decline by 1-2 trips per day. Two key reasons cited for this change included the ability to get around with children and more gear. This is confirmed by regression models which underscore this trend towards increased active transport. Based on these results, further research could include focus on overcoming weather-related / elemental barriers (perhaps with an e-assist capacity), which continue to be an obstacle to every day cycling, and further investigation into families modeling healthy behaviors to children with cargo bikes
Bike Facility Design and Creating an All Ages and Abilites Networkbikeed
Siskiyou Velo, a bike club in Southern Oregon, is advocating local governments in the region to integrate bike facilities suitable for all ages and abilities into their transportation system plans. The impetus for the effort comes from a recent publication by the National Association of City Transportation Officials entitled "Designing for All Ages and Abilities."
Bike Sharing at Nanyang Technological UniversityParimala Sivaraj
A depiction of a possible scenario of the bike sharing system applied to the context of NTU. Compilation of a series of questions and concerns related to the system.
An initial set of recommendations prepared by Toole Design Group for ways to make Remington in Fauquier County more pedestrian-friendly. A final report will be delivered to the Remington Town Council and Fauquier Board of Supervisors later in 2017.
A People Driven Approach to Road SafetyConstant Cap
Presentation made to the Kenya Transport Researchers Network Forum on how we can have a different approach towards Road Safety by putting human beings at the centre of our designs and campaigns other than vehicles and roads.
Lifting The Lid On Western Australia's Helmet LawsCatalystian
This paper was presented at the VeloCity Global Conference in Adelaide, South Australia, 29th May, 2014. It draws attention to the overwhelming evidence that mandatory helmet laws have decimated cycling as an everyday activity, with cycling levels still well below those before the laws were introduced, despite substantial investment in bicycle infrastructure. The community has suffered higher health and transport costs as a result of this poorly-thought-out law (there was no analysis of costs and benefits before the laws were introduced). Now, despite (or perhaps because of) all the evidence, the 'policy protectors' in the public service and government want to pretend that all is well and to deny that a change might be desirable.
Full paper is available at http://www.slideshare.net/Catalystian/lifting-the-lid-on-western-australias-helmet-laws-full-paper
Bike Facility Design and Creating an All Ages and Abilites Networkbikeed
Siskiyou Velo, a bike club in Southern Oregon, is advocating local governments in the region to integrate bike facilities suitable for all ages and abilities into their transportation system plans. The impetus for the effort comes from a recent publication by the National Association of City Transportation Officials entitled "Designing for All Ages and Abilities."
Bike Sharing at Nanyang Technological UniversityParimala Sivaraj
A depiction of a possible scenario of the bike sharing system applied to the context of NTU. Compilation of a series of questions and concerns related to the system.
An initial set of recommendations prepared by Toole Design Group for ways to make Remington in Fauquier County more pedestrian-friendly. A final report will be delivered to the Remington Town Council and Fauquier Board of Supervisors later in 2017.
A People Driven Approach to Road SafetyConstant Cap
Presentation made to the Kenya Transport Researchers Network Forum on how we can have a different approach towards Road Safety by putting human beings at the centre of our designs and campaigns other than vehicles and roads.
Lifting The Lid On Western Australia's Helmet LawsCatalystian
This paper was presented at the VeloCity Global Conference in Adelaide, South Australia, 29th May, 2014. It draws attention to the overwhelming evidence that mandatory helmet laws have decimated cycling as an everyday activity, with cycling levels still well below those before the laws were introduced, despite substantial investment in bicycle infrastructure. The community has suffered higher health and transport costs as a result of this poorly-thought-out law (there was no analysis of costs and benefits before the laws were introduced). Now, despite (or perhaps because of) all the evidence, the 'policy protectors' in the public service and government want to pretend that all is well and to deny that a change might be desirable.
Full paper is available at http://www.slideshare.net/Catalystian/lifting-the-lid-on-western-australias-helmet-laws-full-paper
Presented at the Royal Geographical Society (RGS) Annual International Conference, 27-29 August 2014.
www.rgs.org/WhatsOn/ConferencesAndSeminars/Annual+International+Conference/Annual+international+conference.htm
The potential of electrically assisted cycling in the everyday commute - a mi...Paul Plazier
Conference paper presented to Current and Emerging Research in Transport Session, organized by the Transport Geography Research Group (RGS), RGS-IBG Annual International Conference 2016, London
Webinar: Can cycling and walking help release the longevity dividend?ILC- UK
If we are to maximise the longevity dividend, we all need to live healthier not just longer. Too many of us are being forced out of work too early due to poor health. And poor health results in lower consumer spending.
The Government’s recently published obesity policy paper recognised the importance of remaining active. And COVID-19 has inspired cities across the world to invest in cycle infrastructure. Places like Paris, Milan, and New York, historically hostile to cycling have created hundreds of miles of temporary infrastructure.
Yet in the UK, as we get older, we cycle less.
The picture with walking isn’t much better, In England, men aged between 30 and 69 actually walk slightly more as they age while women walk considerably less. As we hit our 70s there is a significant drop-off in miles walked by men and women.
But we know that whatever our age, active travel works. We also know that supporting people to get to and around our town centres is vital if we are to begin to see an economic rebound. New and improved E-bikes and Scooters could play their part.
We have a relatively short window to deliver policy changes which could better support more of us to cycle and walk.
Speakers included:
Susan Claris, Associate Director, Transport Consulting, Arup
Dr Ian Walker, FHEA, Department of Psychology, University of Bath
Cllr Suzanne Bartington, Oxfordshire County Councillor
Tom McPhail, Director of Public Affairs, Pure Electric
Active travel - Promoting walking and cycling at workSustainableTravel
Learn the benefits of promoting walking and cycling at work and some fun activities you can run. For more details take a look at our website www.smartersmetravel.com
Travel behaviour change - Winning hearts and mindsSustrans
A presentation to Changing Gear: Active Travel Conference in Belfast, 16 October 2014, by Sarah Toy, Head of Workplace, Education & Community Projects, Sustrans.
Guest presentation by Dr Rachel Aldred, Department of Planning and Transport, University of Westminster.
Delivered as part of a seminar on 09/12/2015: ‘Just Cycling: the Propensity to Cycle Tool and the Search for a Socially and Environmentally Equitable Transport System’.
http://geo8.webarch.net/leeds
[Presentation copyright: R Aldred/University of Westminster]
S4C Colloquium Aveiro 2016
https://scientistsforcyclingaveiro2016.wordpress.com/
University of Aveiro (Portugal),
Region of Aveiro (CIRA), ABIMOTA/Portugal Bike Value
and the European Cyclists’ Federation (ECF)
with its global network Scientists for Cycling (S4C)
Safer Streets for All, by Carys Thomas for SustransSustrans
Carys Thomas, Deputy Director for Wales, talks about how Sustrans Cymru is working with communities,
schools, workplaces and policy makers to
promote walking, cycling and public transport as
realistic alternatives to the car for everyday
journeys.
Title: Policies for Pupils: Working with School Boards on Walking and Bicycling Policies
Track: Change
Format: 90 minute panel
Abstract: Engaging schools in walking and bicycling efforts can be difficult given competing education priorities and frequent staff and volunteer turn-over. Attendees will learn about strategies for influencing school boards and policy opportunities at the district level.
Presenters:
Presenter: Sara Zimmerman Safe Routes to School National Partnership
Co-Presenter: Diane Dohm ChangeLab Solutions
Co-Presenter: Bree Romero Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights
Co-Presenter: Leigh Ann Von Hagen Voorhees Transportation Center, Rutgers University
Alison Millbourn (MPH), Kirklees Council.
---------------------------------------------
Alison delivered a short presentation detailing the ‘journey’ she has undertaken over the last few years in her quest to get more people travelling actively. On the face of it, this seems like a fairly easy objective to achieve, but Alison has learned (sometimes the hard way) that things are not as simple as they seem. This presentation will detail some of the barriers present to achieving this - the conflicting aims and interests, and how she has managed to overcome some of them. Alison.Millbourn@kirklees.gov.uk
Barriers to Active TravelHow hard can it be?Haneen Khreis
Alison delivered a short presentation detailing the ‘journey’ she has undertaken over the last few years in her quest to get more people travelling actively. On the face of it, this seems like a fairly easy objective to achieve, but Alison has learned (sometimes the hard way) that things are not as simple as they seem. This presentation will detail some of the barriers present to achieving this - the conflicting aims and interests, and how she has managed to overcome some of them.
For questions: Send email
Alison.Millbourn@kirklees.gov.uk
Jim McGurn, Get Cycling - European Mobility Week 2015 - Twenty Proven Cycling...Act TravelWise
Presentation from the European Mobility Week 2015 full-day training workshop held on 15 April 2015 at Camden Town Hall, organised by Act TravelWise with financial support from the Department for Transport.
Whitebox GAT - an introduction by its developerRobin Lovelace
John Lindsay, the main developer of the little known but extremely powerful GIS program Whitebox Geospatial Analysis Tools, describes his software at GISRUK 2014 in Glasgow.
From Big City to Bike City NYC's cycling transformation 2007-2013Robin Lovelace
In this visually engaging and informative talk, Jon Orcutt, Policy Director of New York's Department of Travel explains how the Big Apple became a cycling city.
This is my lecture to Engineering Students at the University of Birmingham, for Engineers Without Borders UK. It talks about transport engineering in general terms and how engineers can use appropriate transport technologies to improve lives and their local environment.
Making new connections: transport, mobilities and mobile phones in sub-Sahara...Robin Lovelace
This presentation, by Dr Gina Porter of Durham University, demonstrates the impact that mobile phones are already having on travel patterns in developing nations, focussing on Ghana.
These slides, presented at the E-Futures autumn conference in 2013, provide an overview of Stuart's project investigating the optimal array design for deploying tidal farms which could, under optimistic assumptions, provide around 2% of UK electricity by 2050.
This was my presentation for the Free Open Source Software for Geo (FOSS4G) conference, held in Nottingham, 2013. It shows the images I've made to try and make my work accessible to everyone.
Hoyle Lecture in Transport Geography
This is the Hoyle lecture in transport geography, hosted by the Transport Geography Research Group (see our website). This year the invited speaker was Andrew Goetz, who talked about the history and future directions of the field. It took place on August 29th at the 2013 RGS-IBG Annual International Conference, London.
Transport, Energy and Socio-Economic Transformation: Solutions for Sustainabi...Robin Lovelace
Rural communities face specific challenges if they are to become sustainable in a future resource constrained world. Whilst only 20% of the population in Scotland reside in rural communities, they have a proportionally higher transport ecological footprint (EF). This paper presents the results of an investigation of three Scottish rural communities, where transport is essential. The communities’ transport EF, which was calculated using Stockholm Environment Institute’s resource accounting model (REAP) and data from household questionnaires, was found to be between 60% and 100% of the “fairshare” of the Earth’s available biocapacity (measured on a per capita basis) and unsustainable. Scenarios were developed to model the impact of technology and renewable energy on the EF. The results showed that switching to electric cars powered by renewable energy significantly reduced the EF. However, a sustainable transport EF (one which was less than 20% of the “fairshare”) was only achieved when community-wide changes in car ownership and mobility, requiring community co-operation and transformation, accompanied the switch to new technologies. This approach of future scenario modelling gives new insights into the priorities for rural policy. Community access to renewable resources and capacity to implement the community-wide changes are likely to be pre-requisites for sustainability.
Modelling adaptive capacity to fuel shocks – an indicator for sustainable tra...Robin Lovelace
There is a possibility that a fuel shock could occur; a severe restriction in the amount of fuel available for transport. This would restrict the movement of people. The spatial pattern of the capacity of individuals to adapt to a fuel shock is of concern to policy makers. Additionally the scope for policy makers to estimate the effects of schemes to increase adaptive capacity on groups of people at small geographies would allow them to target resources to more vulnerable areas.
An indicator is built which reports the proportion of people in an area who would have the capacity to make a journey such as their current commute immediately after the fuel shock begins.
Serbia vs England Tickets: Serbia's Return to Euro Cup 2024, A Look at Key Pl...Eticketing.co
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Belgium vs Romania Injuries and Patience in Belgium’s Euro Cup Germany Squad....Eticketing.co
Belgium coach Domenico Tedesco will wait for several key players to recover from injury. Even if it means they miss the opening Euro Cup Germany stages of the European Championship in Germany this month. Veteran defender Jan Vertonghen, midfielder Youri Tielemans and defender Arthur. Theate are being given time to play in the tournament because they are considered vital to Belgium’s cause, Tedesco said on Tuesday.
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UEFA Euro 2024 Tickets | Euro 2024 Tickets | Euro Cup Germany Tickets | Belgium vs Romania Tickets
"Of course, you prefer to take players who are fully fit, but that's okay. We want to wait and be patient for some players even if they cannot play in those first matches," he told a press conference. The 37-year-old Vertonghen, Belgium’s Euro Cup 2024 most-capped international with 154 appearances, is struggling to shake off a groin injury.
"He will be there normally. This also applies to Youri Tielemans and Arthur Theate. The latter's position is very sensitive. We don't have many choices at left back. "It will only change if it turns out that they will only be available when, say, the final of the Euro 2024 Championship comes around. That's too long to wait. "However, I am confident that the injured boys are on track for the Euros.
Belgium vs Romania: Radu Dragusin Prepares for Crucial Role in Euro Cup Germany
Some of them have taken not one but two steps forward in their rehabilitation," he said. None of the injured players will feature in this week’s warm-up friendlies against Montenegro and Luxembourg. Romania centre-back Radu Dragusin found chances limited at Tottenham Hotspur in the second half of the 2023-24 season.
But is crucial to his country's cause at UEFA Euro 2024 where his aerial ability, physicality and hard graft make him a standout player. The 22-year-old moved to North London from Italian side Genoa in January but was kept on the sidelines by the form of another new arrival for the season, Mickey van de Ven, something Romania coach Edward Iordanescu admitted was a concern.
It will mean limited game-time going into the finals, but Dragusin, who cites Netherlands defender Virgil van Dijk as a role model, started every Euro Cup Germany qualifier as Romania went through the campaign unbeaten in their 10 games. He will be among their most important players in their first game in Germany against Ukraine in Munich on June 17, taking the right centre-back role in what is likely to be a back four.
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Serbia vs England Tickets: Serbia Prepares for Historic UEFA Euro 2024 Debut ...Eticketing.co
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Indian cricketer Hardik Pandya and Serbian actress Natasha Stankovic have decided to part ways, ending a relationship that captivated fans and followers worldwide. The news of their split has been making headlines, stirring a mixture of shock, sadness, and speculation among their supporters.
Turkey vs Georgia Turkey's Road to Redemption and Euro 2024 Prospects.pdfEticketing.co
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Understanding Golf Simulator Equipment A Beginner's Guide.pdfMy Garage Golf
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Spain vs Croatia Date, venue and match preview ahead of Euro Cup clash as Mod...Eticketing.co
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Boletin de la I Copa Panamericana de Voleibol Femenino U17 Guatemala 2024Judith Chuquipul
holaesungusto.- Boletín final de la I Copa Panamericana de Voleibol Femenino U17 - Ciudad de Guatemala 2024 que se realizó del 27 de mayo al 01 de julio, en el Domo Polideportivo Zona 13.
Fuente: norceca.net
Croatia vs Italy Can Luka Modrić Lead Croatia to Euro Cup Germany Glory in Hi...Eticketing.co
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Ukraine Euro Cup 2024 Squad Sergiy Rebrov's Selections and Prospects.docxEuro Cup 2024 Tickets
After securing their spot through the playoff route, Ukraine is gearing up for their fourth consecutive European Championship. Ukraine first qualified as hosts in 2012, but in 2016
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Narrated Business Proposal for the Philadelphia Eaglescamrynascott12
Slide 1:
Welcome, and thank you for joining me today. We will explore a strategic proposal to enhance parking and traffic management at Lincoln Financial Field, aiming to improve the overall fan experience and operational efficiency. This comprehensive plan addresses existing challenges and leverages innovative solutions to create a smoother and more enjoyable experience for our fans.
Slide 2:
Picture this: It’s a crisp fall afternoon, driving towards Lincoln Financial Field. The atmosphere is electric—tailgaters grilling, fans in Eagles jerseys creating a sea of green and white. The air buzzes with camaraderie and anticipation. You park, join the throng, and make your way to your seat. The stadium roars as the Eagles take the field, sending chills down your spine. Each play is a thrilling dance of strategy and skill. This is what being an Eagles fan is all about—the joy, the pride, and the shared experience.
Slide 3:
But now, the day is marred by frustration. The excitement wanes as you struggle to find a parking spot. The congestion is overwhelming, and tempers flare. The delays mean you miss the pre-game excitement, the tailgate camaraderie, and even the opening kick-off. After the game, the joy of victory or the shared solace of defeat is overshadowed by the stress of navigating out of the parking lot. The gridlock, honking horns, and endless waiting drain the energy and joy from what should have been an unforgettable experience.
Our proposal aims to eliminate these frustrations, ensuring that from arrival to departure, your experience is extraordinary. Efficient parking and smooth traffic flow are key to maintaining the high spirits and excitement that make game days special.
Slide 4:
The Philadelphia Eagles are not just a premier NFL team; they are an integral part of the community, hosting games, concerts, and various events at Lincoln Financial Field. Our state-of-the-art stadium is designed to provide a world-class experience for every attendee. Whether it's the thrill of game day, the excitement of a live concert, or the camaraderie of community events, we pride ourselves on delivering a fan-first experience and maintaining operational excellence across all our activities. Our commitment to our fans and community is unwavering, and we continuously strive to enhance every aspect of their experience, ensuring they leave with unforgettable memories.
Slide 5:
Recent trends show an increasing demand for efficient event logistics. Our customer feedback has consistently highlighted frustrations with parking and traffic. Surveys indicate that a significant number of fans are dissatisfied with the current parking situation. Comparisons with other venues like Citizens Bank Park and Wells Fargo Center reveal that we lag in terms of parking efficiency and convenience. These insights underscore the urgent need for innovation to meet and exceed fan expectations.
Slide 6:
As we delve into the intricacies of our operations, one glaring issue emer
Narrated Business Proposal for the Philadelphia Eagles
What people think: explaining urban cycling
1. Institute for Transport Studies
FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT
What people think:
explaining urban cycling
Dr Ann Jopson (a.f.jopson@its.leeds.ac.uk)
Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds
METRO 3rd December 2013
2. Results from case study surveys:
outline of presentation
• Why people cycle – the reasons people gave
• Barriers to cycling – the barriers people identified
– Including the influence of others, especially children
• The biggest factors explaining intentions to cycle and actual
cycling
• Policy conclusions
3. Why people do/do not cycle
• 25% cycle once a week or more
– Top 3 reasons for cycling (the cake!)
• Health, fitness and wellbeing (including that of children)
• Save money
• Preferred means of transport
• 50% never cycle
– Top 3 reasons for NOT cycling
• Not safe
• No bike (storage for it and kit at home + cost can be barriers)
• [Bad] weather (is it always that bad?)
4. Personal norms and cycling
• 72% (strongly) agree they should cycle to be
environmentally friendly (the icing on the cake!)
• 71% (strongly) agree they should cycle to be healthy
• 69% (strongly) agree they should cycle to save money
5. Barriers to cycling:
the influence of others
• Respondents sometimes or often unable to cycle because a
significant other thinks they …
– … will be involved in an accident – 32%
– … will be attacked - 23%
• Respondents sometimes or often unable to cycle because
they need to drive to give a lift to …
– … a child – 53%
– … an older person – 38% (we often think of child escort, but in the
context of an aging society…)
6. Cycling and children
• Often do not cycle as travelling with child(ren)…
– …74% agree they would not feel comfortable taking child(ren) in a
trailer, child-seat or trailer-bike
– …50% agree they would not feel comfortable with child(ren) riding
their own bike (even with them accompanying the child)
– …36% strongly agree or agree it would be too far for child(ren) to
cycle
• 39% make journeys by bike to take children for a ride
7. Barriers to cycling:
trip chaining
• 60% trip chain once a week or more
• The need to trip chain prevents cycling for all or some of the
trip chains made for 82%
• The journeys most often combined in a trip chain are:
– Commute to work + shops (30% of trip chains)
– Commute to work + school/day care run (18%)
– Shops + personal business (PB; 8%) (TOTAL: 56%)
– These journey purposes also feature in the next 5 categories of trip
chain, accounting for a further 34% of trip chains (TOTAL: 90% of trip
chains include these journeys).
8. Explaining cycling in Leeds
• Leeds cycling
– 48% of intention to make cycle trips (or not) in local area explained…
– …by control factors [safety], personal norms and social norms (in that
order)
– 51% of behaviour (number of cycle journeys per week) explained…
– …by intentions and control factors (in that order)
• Similar results in other cities
– But explained greater % of intentions and behaviour
9. Measures to facilitate cycling need to:
• Provide infrastructure such that people have the opportunity to
successfully (inc’ safely and quickly) make everyday journeys by bike
– Segregated cycle lanes especially important to facilitate cycling
– Cyclists have the right to use the road like other users, but for many potential
cyclists having their own space in which they feel safe was more important
than exercising rights.
• Market cycling such that it becomes a normal way of getting around
– Increase flexible working/working at home to reduce time pressure and need
to drive children to … to be at work by 9/930am
– Demonstrate that cycling is safe (accidents and personal security) such that
views of significant others are not a barrier to cycling
• Secure cycle storage is part of ensuring personal security – the bike will
be there to get you home
• And segregated cycle lanes again.
10. Measures to facilitate cycling need to:
• Promote:
– The relevance of cycling to health, fitness and wellbeing, and saving money
• But note safety will need to come first for many potential cyclists!
– How enjoyable cycling can be
• Those who cycle often derive additional utility from a cycling journey over
and above that derived from the destination because the act of cycling is
enjoyable, relaxing, de-stressing…
– The ease with which local amenities can be accessed (and the existence of
said amenities)
• Many people walked simply because it was the easiest way of accessing
local amenities, this could be true for cycling as well with more cycle
routes to local amenities and cycle stands at the destination.
4 case study cities in the UK: Leeds, Lancaster, Leicester and Worcester. These slides report results of a large scale questionnaire survey of residents in the case study cities, and please be aware the questionnaires were aimed at everybody, not just existing cyclists. Note also that questions were about everyday utility trips that people make in their local area, e.g., to local shops, school/childcare, work if nearby.Slides with more detail on questionnaire and respondents are hidden in case they are needed.
Half = 7,500
Potentially some bias in response to the cycling questionnaire in that it attracted people with an active interest in cycling.
Fitness and saving moneycorrespond with the top reasons given for cycling, but given the low levels of cycling relative to the percentages agreeing they should, there is a strong message here that for many individuals believing one should do x does not translate into x being done. For those who do plan to cycle though, personal norms are significant to forming that intention.
It is worth noting the %ages here are notably higher than the equivalent percentages for walking. For walking the views of others can be a barrier for approximately 10-15%, whilst the need to give a lift is a barrier for approximately ¼ to 1/3.
Only those who travel with children answered these questions, and those with children of different ages answered dif questions.Agree means agree or strongly agree(66% would not allow an older child who can cycle to make a journey by bike on their own).
Top 3 trip chains(accounting for 56% of trips chains) all centre on commuting, shopping and school/day care. Trip chains including these journey purposes are notable barriers to cycling (and walking). These journey purposes also feature in the next 5 categories of trip chain along with visiting friends and/or family, personal business, leisure etc.TOTAL trip chains including one or more of commute to work, shops and school/day care run is 90%!These trip chains are essential in many households, especially those with 2 working parents to fit everything in – especially getting everybody to school and work on time.
For cycling the level of explanation is lower in Leeds than in the other case study cities, which have results closer to those for Lanc.Leeds was the biggest city we surveyed, meaning distance to the city centre and other destinations and therefore number of destinations within cycling distance was different. Traffic volume may also be different, but heavy traffic and large vehicles were a notable barrier to cycling elsewhere, particularly Lancaster. Differences may also relate to differences in infrastructure and facilities for cycling, or crime rates influencing bicycle theft etc etc. Such factors may also hold true in other larger cities.It is notable that attitudes are not directly significant in explanations, instead they are mediated by the other significant independent variables. There is a correlation between attitudes and the other independent variables, but note the eigenvalues indicate there is no serious multicollinearity problem. The same would most likely be true of other independent variables not proven to be directly significant. This is supported by factor analysis which demonstrates that the attitude items spread over 4 different factors, but the items making up other independent variables always load onto one factor, e.g., all the personal norm items load onto the same factor with a related group of attitude items.
Infrastructure will provide opportunity and positively influence control factors by making it easier to successfully cycle. Successfully would include arriving safely and on time for example.Marketing and promotion will jointly act on social norms, by normalising cycling. Actions that make cycling easier (e.g., allowing more flexible working to reduce the time pressure that leads to car use, and allow people to cycle out of congested peak hours, just getting to work at 945 instead of 930 could make a difference) will act on control factors as well, and as they allow more people to be seen out and about cycling, this will help with normalisation.Promotion activities should also align cycling with personal norms about cycling.Exactly how these things are done should be decided in light of local contexts. For example the Lancaster ethnographies suggested that reducing the conflict between cars and cyclists is key, whereas the Leeds ethnographies suggested measures to improve personal security, especially after dark, and especially in the winter when it can be dark by 4pm would be worthwhile.