The document provides details about the grading and expectations for a philosophy class on religion. It states that 50% of the grade is based on attendance, participation, and homework. Homework is due at each class and will be discussed. Students can earn points for participation, attendance, and completing their homework. The document instructs students to check the Canvas page for additional information and homework assignments. It also provides information about meeting with the professor and supplies needed for the class.
A presentation I prepared for a workshop on inclusive spirituality, deepening your faith, and relating to people who have different traditions from yours. :)
Rel 207 Understanding Religious Experienceppower47
The document discusses different ways of categorizing and understanding religious experiences. It defines religious experience as any experience explained within a religious framework. Religious experiences can be categorized based on where they take place (social, sensory, interior), their point of origin (revelatory, ecstatic), or their function (shamanic ecstasy, mystical ecstasy). The document also examines 19th century theological approaches to religious experience from Schleiermacher, Otto and Freud and the 20th century psychological perspective of Carl Jung.
This document discusses various philosophical and theological concepts relating to spirituality, the nature of humanity, and the existence and role of God. It explores different views on whether humans are composed of body, soul, and spirit or just body and spirit. It also examines arguments for the existence of God like the cosmological, teleological, and ontological arguments. Characteristics of monotheism like omniscience, omnipotence, and divine simplicity are outlined. The document also discusses how humans can connect with the divine through practices like prayer, meditation, and how spirituality can be applied in life.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in Buddhism, including:
1. Buddhism was founded by Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha, and is based on his teachings of achieving enlightenment and nirvana.
2. The two main branches are Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism, which have differences in beliefs around arhats and bodhisattvas.
3. Core Buddhist concepts include the three marks of existence (suffering, impermanence, no-self), the four noble truths, and the eightfold path.
Topic 1. introduction to philosophy.pptdan_maribao
This document provides an introduction to a philosophy course for senior high school students. The course objectives are for students to reflect critically on their daily experiences, develop analytical thinking skills, apply these skills to life, act with truth, care for the environment and others, and articulate their own philosophy. The document defines philosophy as the love of wisdom and man's search for meaning. It discusses what philosophy is, different types of questions in life, and introduces key concepts like holistic philosophy, branches of philosophy, and a group activity.
It includes Concept, Exponents, Metaphysics, Epistemology, Axiology, Fundamental Principles, Aims of Education, Curriculum, Methods of teaching
Role of teacher, Role of students, Discipline, School, Merits and Demerits of Jainism
This chapter discusses the difference between spirituality and religion. It argues that being religious does not necessarily make someone spiritual. It defines spirituality as being aware of and connected to the divine spirit within all living things. True spirituality is living in a way that does no harm to others. Religion is different from spirituality and one can be spiritual without following an organized religion. The key is developing awareness of the connection between all beings and living with compassion.
A presentation I prepared for a workshop on inclusive spirituality, deepening your faith, and relating to people who have different traditions from yours. :)
Rel 207 Understanding Religious Experienceppower47
The document discusses different ways of categorizing and understanding religious experiences. It defines religious experience as any experience explained within a religious framework. Religious experiences can be categorized based on where they take place (social, sensory, interior), their point of origin (revelatory, ecstatic), or their function (shamanic ecstasy, mystical ecstasy). The document also examines 19th century theological approaches to religious experience from Schleiermacher, Otto and Freud and the 20th century psychological perspective of Carl Jung.
This document discusses various philosophical and theological concepts relating to spirituality, the nature of humanity, and the existence and role of God. It explores different views on whether humans are composed of body, soul, and spirit or just body and spirit. It also examines arguments for the existence of God like the cosmological, teleological, and ontological arguments. Characteristics of monotheism like omniscience, omnipotence, and divine simplicity are outlined. The document also discusses how humans can connect with the divine through practices like prayer, meditation, and how spirituality can be applied in life.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in Buddhism, including:
1. Buddhism was founded by Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha, and is based on his teachings of achieving enlightenment and nirvana.
2. The two main branches are Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism, which have differences in beliefs around arhats and bodhisattvas.
3. Core Buddhist concepts include the three marks of existence (suffering, impermanence, no-self), the four noble truths, and the eightfold path.
Topic 1. introduction to philosophy.pptdan_maribao
This document provides an introduction to a philosophy course for senior high school students. The course objectives are for students to reflect critically on their daily experiences, develop analytical thinking skills, apply these skills to life, act with truth, care for the environment and others, and articulate their own philosophy. The document defines philosophy as the love of wisdom and man's search for meaning. It discusses what philosophy is, different types of questions in life, and introduces key concepts like holistic philosophy, branches of philosophy, and a group activity.
It includes Concept, Exponents, Metaphysics, Epistemology, Axiology, Fundamental Principles, Aims of Education, Curriculum, Methods of teaching
Role of teacher, Role of students, Discipline, School, Merits and Demerits of Jainism
This chapter discusses the difference between spirituality and religion. It argues that being religious does not necessarily make someone spiritual. It defines spirituality as being aware of and connected to the divine spirit within all living things. True spirituality is living in a way that does no harm to others. Religion is different from spirituality and one can be spiritual without following an organized religion. The key is developing awareness of the connection between all beings and living with compassion.
The world is perhaps at the point of the greatest crisis in all human history, and
there seem to be two attitudes we can assume. One is calmness, faith, and
conviction; the other would be despair. And despair is unthinkable. Let each, in
[their] own way, dedicate [their] time, service, hope, and spiritual conviction to
the common cause of liberty and justice for all. And let's work without tiring and
pray without ceasing.
It includes Concept, Exponents, Metaphysics, Epistemology, Axiology, Fundamental Principles, Aims of Education, Curriculum, Methods of teaching, Role of Teacher, Role of students, Discipline, School, Merits and Demerits of Buddhism.
The document provides an overview of Buddha's life and teachings. It discusses how Buddha sought enlightenment from many teachers but found no satisfaction until looking within. It then summarizes the Four Noble Truths about suffering and the Eightfold Path to end suffering. The document also examines Buddhist philosophy, including dependent origination, karma, impermanence, and the lack of a soul. It outlines the major schools of Buddhist philosophy and how Buddhism spread and evolved, forming the Hinayana and Mahayana traditions with ideals like the Bodhisattva.
It comprises Principles,Epistemology, metaphysics, axiology of Vedanta. Also it included methods of teaching, role of teacher, role of students, discipline, school etc.
Jainism 101 - an overview of Jain philosophySudhir Shah
Jainism 101 gives a brief overview of the basics of Jain philosophy. Stemming from ancient shramanic tradition of India, this simple but profound path is as relevant today as it was thousands of years ago. Jain way of life is based on three principles Ahimsa (non-injury), Anekantvad (Non-absolutism) and Aparigraha (non-attachment).
The document discusses different theories about the relationship between the body and soul/mind:
- Materialism views the mind as inseparable from the body and ceases to exist at death, while dualism sees the mind and body as distinct entities.
- Hard materialists believe individuals are only physical beings, while soft materialists see consciousness as more than just brain activity but still not a separate soul.
- Dualism argues the mind determines personality and is immortal, entering eternity after the body decays. The soul is temporarily housed in the body.
- The document raises philosophical questions about identity and whether we are solely physical or have a non-physical element like a soul. It explores how we define "
This teaching guide outlines a 240-minute lesson on introducing students to the philosophy of the human person as oriented towards impending death. Students will be divided into groups to analyze pictures representing life and death, and each group will be assigned a philosopher's beliefs about life to present. After presentations, students will analyze a video about a man who predicted his own death. Finally, each student will write a philosophical reflection or essay on the meaning of life based on what they've learned. The teacher will evaluate students using a rubric.
This document provides an overview of key Buddhist concepts including the Four Noble Truths, Three Marks of Existence (dukkha, anitya, anatta), dependent origination, and the Eightfold Path. It discusses Buddhist views on topics like ethics, reincarnation, and nirvana. It also addresses modern challenges for Buddhism like population growth, technological advances, and expanding religions globally. The conclusion calls for Buddhism to adapt its teachings to current times while protecting core aspects of its philosophy.
1. Gabriel Marcel analyzes the experience of one's own body through the lenses of primary and secondary reflection.
2. Primary reflection views the body as an objective thing, separate from the self. Secondary reflection recognizes that one cannot separate themselves from their body - "I am my body."
3. Marcel rejects viewing one's body as merely a possession that can be used or abused. Rather, he sees the body as an expression of one's subjectivity as an embodied spirit. What happens to one's body, happens to the person.
The document provides an overview of the Buddha's philosophical approach and analyses of key concepts. It discusses how the Buddha conducted detailed analyses of sense experience, yoga, and the human psychology to understand existence. His analyses rejected notions of a permanent self or ultimate objectivity. Instead, he focused on dependent origination and the pragmatic value of conceptions without absolutist implications. This involved examining perception, feeling, thinking and the mind's creativity, culminating in the highest knowledge of the end of mental influxes and a freed mind.
This document provides an overview of the Buddhist teachings on the Bardo, or intermediate state between death and rebirth. It discusses how the Bardo teachings relate to the Four Noble Truths expounded by the Buddha. It describes the different types of Bardo states, including the birthplace Bardo of this present life. The document encourages practicing Dharma teachings and meditation to prepare for navigating the Bardo states after death.
This document discusses several Eastern philosophies and concepts including Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, Hinduism, and others. Some key ideas presented are that life is a journey towards spiritual truths, the universe operates in a cyclical manner, and that the highest state is a state of "no-self" through eliminating false perceptions of oneself. Additionally, it discusses ideas like viewing humanity as interconnected rather than individualistic, and that spiritual and inner development are more important than outward goals and achievements.
This document discusses the differences between spirituality and religion. It states that spirituality refers to one's connection to their inner spirit or soul, which is present in all living things regardless of religious beliefs. Religion is a set of beliefs and practices surrounding spirituality. The key difference is that spirituality is a personal experience while religion provides a structure of beliefs. It argues that being religious does not necessarily make one spiritual, as spirituality requires awareness of one's connection to all things. Obstacles like negative thinking can block spiritual awareness and expression. The document advocates staying true to one's beliefs but with an open mind and focus on unconditional love, goodness, and connection to others.
The document discusses different philosophical perspectives on the self and identity. It describes the views of several prominent philosophers including: Socrates, who said people should know themselves; Plato, who saw the soul as having rational, spirited, and appetitive parts; Augustine, who viewed humans as having both imperfect earthly and perfect immortal aspects; and Descartes, who argued "I think therefore I am" and saw the self as the mind separate from the body. Later philosophers discussed include Hume, Kant, Ryle, and Merleau-Ponty.
This document discusses Buddhist ethics and different theories of ethics. It provides an overview of key concepts in Buddhist ethics such as brahmacariya (noble conduct) and dhamma-vinaya (teaching and discipline). It also examines different theories of ethics like naturalism, non-naturalism, and emotivism. Specifically, it explores how these theories approach the concepts of "good" and "bad" and whether ethical values can be defined by nature, intuition, or emotion.
Nirvana is the ultimate goal in Buddhism that the Buddha achieved during his enlightenment. It literally means extinguishing or unbinding from desires, jealousy, and ignorance that bind people in the cycle of birth and death. The Buddha described nirvana as a state beyond words that is different from our current existence or rebirth. According to Buddhist teachings, the belief in a soul or essence is the root cause of suffering, so abandoning this belief can lead to enlightenment and liberation from the cycle of birth and death.
This document discusses key aspects of what it means to be a human person from a philosophical and theological perspective. It addresses how human persons are:
1) Historical beings who are products of their experiences and continue developing over time through experiences that shape who they become.
2) Embodied spirits who exist in a physical world with both capabilities and limitations. While the body has constraints, human intellect allows people to transcend limitations.
3) Beings with intrinsic worth and dignity who deserve respect, as embodied temples for the Holy Spirit dwelling within each person.
This document discusses different philosophical views on the concept of happiness. It examines happiness as a state of mind, an evaluation of one's life experiences, and union with God. Philosophers like Plato, Aristotle, and Epicurus provided views on achieving happiness through living virtuously and controlling desires. Later philosophers defined elements of happiness as contentment, welfare, and dignity. The document suggests that according to philosophers, one can live a happy life by planning activities, setting life goals, determining one's role in society, and engaging in public service.
Atma Yoga teacher training 4: The history of vedantaAtma yoga
Vedanta means the end of all knowledge...what is that ultimate truth and knowledge that a human being should seek to understand? That you are not your body..you are in fact a soul.
Atma yoga teacher training is based on the science of the soul and combines bhakti and hatha yoga to raise you to the highest level of bliss and joy that is the awakened soul's nature - no longer a prisoner of the body, mind and senses.
For more resources (yoga sets, meditations, lectures and music) and to take our training, visit our website at www.atmayoga.net
The main objective of this website is to offer a new way of thinking about such matters based on science and clear reasoning; a way of thinking that reveals meaning and purpose for our lives; a way that leads to natural personal fulfillment and happiness
This document defines key religious concepts and terms to help understand the topics being presented about religion. It defines religion as a set of beliefs and practices focused on deities or gods. Spirituality involves recognizing something greater than oneself. Worldview refers to a collection of beliefs about life and the universe. Theology is the study of religious faith and experiences, especially regarding God. Eastern and Western beliefs are also defined. Pictures related to faith are shown to prompt reflection on what makes one happy about their own faith.
1. The document discusses key concepts related to belief systems, worldviews, religion, and spirituality. It aims to differentiate these concepts and have students examine their own beliefs.
2. Students are asked to list things they believe in, describe a religious item or ritual from their own faith, and interview family members about their religious beliefs and practices.
3. The document defines terms like theism, monotheism, polytheism, atheism, agnosticism, monism, religion, spirituality, and theology; and distinguishes between a spiritual person and a religious person.
The world is perhaps at the point of the greatest crisis in all human history, and
there seem to be two attitudes we can assume. One is calmness, faith, and
conviction; the other would be despair. And despair is unthinkable. Let each, in
[their] own way, dedicate [their] time, service, hope, and spiritual conviction to
the common cause of liberty and justice for all. And let's work without tiring and
pray without ceasing.
It includes Concept, Exponents, Metaphysics, Epistemology, Axiology, Fundamental Principles, Aims of Education, Curriculum, Methods of teaching, Role of Teacher, Role of students, Discipline, School, Merits and Demerits of Buddhism.
The document provides an overview of Buddha's life and teachings. It discusses how Buddha sought enlightenment from many teachers but found no satisfaction until looking within. It then summarizes the Four Noble Truths about suffering and the Eightfold Path to end suffering. The document also examines Buddhist philosophy, including dependent origination, karma, impermanence, and the lack of a soul. It outlines the major schools of Buddhist philosophy and how Buddhism spread and evolved, forming the Hinayana and Mahayana traditions with ideals like the Bodhisattva.
It comprises Principles,Epistemology, metaphysics, axiology of Vedanta. Also it included methods of teaching, role of teacher, role of students, discipline, school etc.
Jainism 101 - an overview of Jain philosophySudhir Shah
Jainism 101 gives a brief overview of the basics of Jain philosophy. Stemming from ancient shramanic tradition of India, this simple but profound path is as relevant today as it was thousands of years ago. Jain way of life is based on three principles Ahimsa (non-injury), Anekantvad (Non-absolutism) and Aparigraha (non-attachment).
The document discusses different theories about the relationship between the body and soul/mind:
- Materialism views the mind as inseparable from the body and ceases to exist at death, while dualism sees the mind and body as distinct entities.
- Hard materialists believe individuals are only physical beings, while soft materialists see consciousness as more than just brain activity but still not a separate soul.
- Dualism argues the mind determines personality and is immortal, entering eternity after the body decays. The soul is temporarily housed in the body.
- The document raises philosophical questions about identity and whether we are solely physical or have a non-physical element like a soul. It explores how we define "
This teaching guide outlines a 240-minute lesson on introducing students to the philosophy of the human person as oriented towards impending death. Students will be divided into groups to analyze pictures representing life and death, and each group will be assigned a philosopher's beliefs about life to present. After presentations, students will analyze a video about a man who predicted his own death. Finally, each student will write a philosophical reflection or essay on the meaning of life based on what they've learned. The teacher will evaluate students using a rubric.
This document provides an overview of key Buddhist concepts including the Four Noble Truths, Three Marks of Existence (dukkha, anitya, anatta), dependent origination, and the Eightfold Path. It discusses Buddhist views on topics like ethics, reincarnation, and nirvana. It also addresses modern challenges for Buddhism like population growth, technological advances, and expanding religions globally. The conclusion calls for Buddhism to adapt its teachings to current times while protecting core aspects of its philosophy.
1. Gabriel Marcel analyzes the experience of one's own body through the lenses of primary and secondary reflection.
2. Primary reflection views the body as an objective thing, separate from the self. Secondary reflection recognizes that one cannot separate themselves from their body - "I am my body."
3. Marcel rejects viewing one's body as merely a possession that can be used or abused. Rather, he sees the body as an expression of one's subjectivity as an embodied spirit. What happens to one's body, happens to the person.
The document provides an overview of the Buddha's philosophical approach and analyses of key concepts. It discusses how the Buddha conducted detailed analyses of sense experience, yoga, and the human psychology to understand existence. His analyses rejected notions of a permanent self or ultimate objectivity. Instead, he focused on dependent origination and the pragmatic value of conceptions without absolutist implications. This involved examining perception, feeling, thinking and the mind's creativity, culminating in the highest knowledge of the end of mental influxes and a freed mind.
This document provides an overview of the Buddhist teachings on the Bardo, or intermediate state between death and rebirth. It discusses how the Bardo teachings relate to the Four Noble Truths expounded by the Buddha. It describes the different types of Bardo states, including the birthplace Bardo of this present life. The document encourages practicing Dharma teachings and meditation to prepare for navigating the Bardo states after death.
This document discusses several Eastern philosophies and concepts including Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, Hinduism, and others. Some key ideas presented are that life is a journey towards spiritual truths, the universe operates in a cyclical manner, and that the highest state is a state of "no-self" through eliminating false perceptions of oneself. Additionally, it discusses ideas like viewing humanity as interconnected rather than individualistic, and that spiritual and inner development are more important than outward goals and achievements.
This document discusses the differences between spirituality and religion. It states that spirituality refers to one's connection to their inner spirit or soul, which is present in all living things regardless of religious beliefs. Religion is a set of beliefs and practices surrounding spirituality. The key difference is that spirituality is a personal experience while religion provides a structure of beliefs. It argues that being religious does not necessarily make one spiritual, as spirituality requires awareness of one's connection to all things. Obstacles like negative thinking can block spiritual awareness and expression. The document advocates staying true to one's beliefs but with an open mind and focus on unconditional love, goodness, and connection to others.
The document discusses different philosophical perspectives on the self and identity. It describes the views of several prominent philosophers including: Socrates, who said people should know themselves; Plato, who saw the soul as having rational, spirited, and appetitive parts; Augustine, who viewed humans as having both imperfect earthly and perfect immortal aspects; and Descartes, who argued "I think therefore I am" and saw the self as the mind separate from the body. Later philosophers discussed include Hume, Kant, Ryle, and Merleau-Ponty.
This document discusses Buddhist ethics and different theories of ethics. It provides an overview of key concepts in Buddhist ethics such as brahmacariya (noble conduct) and dhamma-vinaya (teaching and discipline). It also examines different theories of ethics like naturalism, non-naturalism, and emotivism. Specifically, it explores how these theories approach the concepts of "good" and "bad" and whether ethical values can be defined by nature, intuition, or emotion.
Nirvana is the ultimate goal in Buddhism that the Buddha achieved during his enlightenment. It literally means extinguishing or unbinding from desires, jealousy, and ignorance that bind people in the cycle of birth and death. The Buddha described nirvana as a state beyond words that is different from our current existence or rebirth. According to Buddhist teachings, the belief in a soul or essence is the root cause of suffering, so abandoning this belief can lead to enlightenment and liberation from the cycle of birth and death.
This document discusses key aspects of what it means to be a human person from a philosophical and theological perspective. It addresses how human persons are:
1) Historical beings who are products of their experiences and continue developing over time through experiences that shape who they become.
2) Embodied spirits who exist in a physical world with both capabilities and limitations. While the body has constraints, human intellect allows people to transcend limitations.
3) Beings with intrinsic worth and dignity who deserve respect, as embodied temples for the Holy Spirit dwelling within each person.
This document discusses different philosophical views on the concept of happiness. It examines happiness as a state of mind, an evaluation of one's life experiences, and union with God. Philosophers like Plato, Aristotle, and Epicurus provided views on achieving happiness through living virtuously and controlling desires. Later philosophers defined elements of happiness as contentment, welfare, and dignity. The document suggests that according to philosophers, one can live a happy life by planning activities, setting life goals, determining one's role in society, and engaging in public service.
Atma Yoga teacher training 4: The history of vedantaAtma yoga
Vedanta means the end of all knowledge...what is that ultimate truth and knowledge that a human being should seek to understand? That you are not your body..you are in fact a soul.
Atma yoga teacher training is based on the science of the soul and combines bhakti and hatha yoga to raise you to the highest level of bliss and joy that is the awakened soul's nature - no longer a prisoner of the body, mind and senses.
For more resources (yoga sets, meditations, lectures and music) and to take our training, visit our website at www.atmayoga.net
The main objective of this website is to offer a new way of thinking about such matters based on science and clear reasoning; a way of thinking that reveals meaning and purpose for our lives; a way that leads to natural personal fulfillment and happiness
This document defines key religious concepts and terms to help understand the topics being presented about religion. It defines religion as a set of beliefs and practices focused on deities or gods. Spirituality involves recognizing something greater than oneself. Worldview refers to a collection of beliefs about life and the universe. Theology is the study of religious faith and experiences, especially regarding God. Eastern and Western beliefs are also defined. Pictures related to faith are shown to prompt reflection on what makes one happy about their own faith.
1. The document discusses key concepts related to belief systems, worldviews, religion, and spirituality. It aims to differentiate these concepts and have students examine their own beliefs.
2. Students are asked to list things they believe in, describe a religious item or ritual from their own faith, and interview family members about their religious beliefs and practices.
3. The document defines terms like theism, monotheism, polytheism, atheism, agnosticism, monism, religion, spirituality, and theology; and distinguishes between a spiritual person and a religious person.
1. The document discusses key concepts related to belief systems, worldviews, religion, and spirituality. It aims to differentiate these concepts and have students examine their own beliefs.
2. Students are asked to list things they believe in, describe a religious item or ritual from their own faith, and interview family members about their religious beliefs and practices.
3. The document defines terms like theism, monotheism, polytheism, atheism, agnosticism, monism, religion, spirituality, and theology; and distinguishes between a spiritual person and a religious person.
This document provides an introduction to world religions and belief systems. It defines key concepts like worldview, belief systems, religion, and spirituality. A worldview is the basic way a person interprets reality based on their culture and upbringing. Belief systems shape one's worldview and are influenced by religion. Religions have common elements like belief in supernatural powers, sacred texts or places, rituals, concepts of sin and salvation. The document differentiates religion from spirituality and provides examples of different types of belief systems like theism, pantheism and naturalism.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in the study of religion, including:
1) Belief systems, community, stories, practices, and aesthetics are some of the main characteristics of religions.
2) Religions are concerned with understanding ultimate reality or the sacred. Theism, atheism, and non-theism describe different views on the existence of God or gods.
3) Religious experiences can be social, sensory, or interior experiences that take place in the mind. Rudolf Otto and Sigmund Freud provided influential theories on the nature of religious experience.
This document provides an introduction to studying world religions and belief systems. It aims to differentiate concepts like belief systems, worldviews, religion, and spirituality. The module will explore common characteristics and elements of different religions. It will also examine the differences between religion and spirituality. Students will reflect on their own beliefs and complete an activity considering what makes them happy about their faith. In the conclusion, the document notes that religion and spirituality are related but not identical, both concerning meaning, values, truth, and morality.
Introduction to World Religions and Belief Systems lesson 1.pptxJunJunSenon
This document provides an introduction to studying world religions and belief systems. It outlines the course competencies, which are to differentiate between belief systems, worldviews, religion, and spirituality. The module will explore the common characteristics and elements of religions. It defines key terms like religion as involving beliefs and practices focused on deities, while spirituality involves recognizing something greater and divine in nature. The document also distinguishes eastern and western belief systems and provides processing questions for students to reflect on their own faith.
The document provides an introduction to a World Religion class. It includes directions for students to write down all religions they know of and define religion in 3 minutes or less. It then discusses comparing definitions with a partner. Several scholars' definitions of religion are listed, including Immanuel Kant, Freud, Paul Tillich, and Clifford Geertz. Structural similarities between religions are noted, such as sacred texts and rituals. The approach and value of studying world religions is briefly discussed.
This document provides an introduction to world religions and belief systems. It discusses key concepts like worldview, religion, spirituality and belief systems. It explains that worldviews are shaped by religions and beliefs. Various religious worldviews emphasize different aspects like sacred texts, traditions or nature. The characteristics of religion are also outlined. Activities encourage analyzing different perspectives on faith. The relationship between religion and spirituality is explored, noting religion involves membership while spirituality is personal. Theology is defined as the systematic study of God using reason.
Cynthia Rodriguez, Alex Rodriguez's wife, believes his wife Madonna has used the Jewish mysticism of Kabbalah to brainwash her husband. Philosophy of religion examines religious concepts and experiences philosophically rather than promoting or defending religious doctrines. It analyzes concepts like God, salvation, and worship to understand the nature of religious language compared to other domains like science and ethics.
1)JudaismChildren of the Cool,There are a couple of topi.docxteresehearn
1)
Judaism
Children of the Cool,
There are a couple of topics worth discussing with regard to Judaism.
The first is testimonial. Do you know people who are anti-Semitic? Is it a "thing" in your own family or other circles? Maybe your church has a specific view of the role of the Jews in the end-times; maybe you've heard conspiracy theories. Or maybe not.
Second, reflect if you will on the concept of there being a "chosen people." Does this seem reasonable or likely to you, as a way God (if there is a god) would go about things? (The philosopher Bertrand Russell once said "How odd / of God / to choose / the Jews." He was an atheist.
Third, Jews have long had what many of us have only acquired in the past few decades: an absolute obsession with figuring out our identity. Put your own identity in dialogue with the debates Jews have about it: is
your
identity religious? political? ethnic or racial? cultural? Who or what do you identify as? That is, distinguish what happens to be true of you, from what makes you be you. You *are* a Muslim; you happen to be from Alabama. You *are* pro-life, you happen to be African-American. You get the i dea.
Dr. Curtis-Thames
2)
Hinduism
All
I never know how much wind-shear it will be for students to first encounter Hinduism. The "Californication" of south and east Asian religions, whereby they all get the juicy bits picked over and Vitamixed together into a New Age spirituality, makes it hard to understand what these religions are in themselves, apart from our Western appropriation of them.
Let's talk about a couple of things.
x) Every religion seems to have morally-awkward things about especially its history, yet religions have been and arguably still are the major channels for teaching morals and for bringing them up in public, especially in political contexts. So Muhammad fought, Christianity persecuted heretics and Jews violently; Yahweh seems to endorse ethnic cleansing in the oldest parts of the Hebrew Bible / Old Testament. Hinduism says you deserve the horrors of your life: poverty, abuse, discrimination, etc. Given all of this--and I'm not saying atheism raises fewer problems, I'm just setting it aside for the moment--how do you think about Hinduism's understanding of karma? If we *don't* get everything we deserve, how can the universe be just? If it's not, what's the point of being moral? On the other hand, if we do, how would it make you feel, thinking about the circumstances of your own life, to realize that your own past actions set you up for the life you have had so far?
x) Americans can't stay on a diet for two weeks. Is there a positive message about communal discipline and self-discipline that Hinduism could direct towards American society? What stands out to you?
3)
Buddhism
Buddhism is both the most intellectually-challenging of the major world religions, and one with a strongly-appealing spiritual practice.
x) Both Shankara's jnana-marga Hindu idea that I am a part of G.
The document discusses different perspectives on and approaches to studying religion from fields like religious studies, sociology, and philosophy. It outlines various types of religious beliefs such as monotheism, polytheism, deism, pantheism, atheism, and agnosticism. It then summarizes three classic philosophical arguments for the existence of God put forth by Thomas Aquinas, William Paley, and Anselm of Canterbury. Finally, it discusses David Hume's argument from evil, which aims to provide evidence against the existence of an all-powerful, all-knowing, and all-good God.
Spirituality in Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Essay.docxwrite4
This document discusses spirituality in traditional Chinese medicine. It describes the group's religious or spiritual beliefs and practices, noting they are culturally based. Specific practices mentioned include a focus on relationships between self, others, nature and higher powers; principles of forgiveness, love and trust; and finding meaning and purpose in life. The document reflects on these beliefs and practices, and whether any may impede health care.
This document provides an overview of key concepts for studying religion academically. It discusses the importance of separating the academic study of religion from religious instruction. Studying religion requires being open-minded, honest, and applying critical thinking to overcome biases. Religions can be defined based on their shared rituals, symbols, myths and other characteristics. The goals of describing, comparing, understanding and explaining religious phenomena are discussed. Fieldwork methods like observation, participation and interviews at religious sites are also covered.
A comprehensive exploration of religion starting with answers given by 5 year-old children, moving through an exploration of our unique identity as a human being, body,mind and spirit - to an exploration of the forces behind religious experiences to a detailed analysis of our Religious Identity. Concludes with a reflective exercise or meditation on goodness and well-being.
This document discusses worldviews, belief systems, and religion. It defines worldviews as a set of beliefs that shape a culture's understanding of reality, importance, and sacredness. Belief systems are the personal stories that define one's sense of reality and are shaped by religion in most cases. Religion is defined etymologically as something that binds people together into a system of attitudes and beliefs. The document outlines five main worldviews regarding the perspective of God: naturalism, pantheism, theism, spiritism, and polytheism.
This document discusses worldviews, belief systems, and religion. It defines worldviews as a set of beliefs that shape a culture's understanding of reality, importance, and sacredness. Belief systems are the personal stories that define one's sense of reality and are shaped by religion in most cases. Religion is defined etymologically as something that binds people together through a system of attitudes and beliefs. The document then outlines five main worldviews regarding the perspective of God: naturalism, pantheism, theism, spiritism, and polytheism.
Introduction to World Religion and Belief Systems.pptxSharmineBunhan
This document provides definitions and explanations of key concepts in world religions and belief systems. It defines religion as involving belief in supernatural beings and commitment or observance of religious rites. Belief systems are composed of various elements including time, values, society, beliefs, knowledge, economy and geography. Major types of belief systems are discussed as theism, monotheism, polytheism, pantheism, animism, atheism and agnosticism. Components of religion are identified as belief systems, community, central stories/myths, rituals, ethics, emotional experiences, and material expressions. The distinction is made between religion and spirituality.
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
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at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
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How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
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Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
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Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptxKavitha Krishnan
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The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
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2. Welcome to class! The following information should give you a general idea of how the
class is run, and what you need to do to get a good grade
Phil 220 Grading Details:
50% Attendance, participation and homework
15% Analysis Paper
15% Journal
20% Exams
You will have homework due at the beginning of each class, and often your homework will include questions
from the assigned readings. These questions will be graded. I have 3 categories for which I give daily
points:
-4 points for participation (which means actively engaging in class by speaking, commenting, discussing and
asking questions)
-1 point for attending
- Up to 5 points for homework (which means having it done at the beginning of class and being able to use it
as a basis for discussion). I accept only typed homework.
Each class will begin with a discussion of the homework questions, usually in small groups—
so you really need to keep up with the reading to get points for participation and
homework!
Be sure to check our class Canvas page after every class—it is the final word on what is happening in
our class!
I will post the homework due the following class in pdf format after every class. If you miss a
class, you will find homework for the following week on our class page. If you will be absent, your
homework is still due at the beginning of class. You can send it to me via Canvas.
If you need to speak with me personally, arrange to meet me during my office hours.
2
3. Course Equipment
The Textbook: The Illustrated World's
Religions: A Guide to Our Wisdom
Traditions by Huston Smith
Publisher: HarperOne;–buy this used on the
web!
There is a textbook on reserve in the library.
One notebook, can be a composition notebook
or a spiral notebook, and one glue stick or
stapler.
The ability to use Canvas—the school online
system—if you need help please let me know!
3
4. Put your precious away,
please!
A June 2016 study from U T Austin shows the mere presence of one’s smartphone
reduces available cognitive capacity and impairs cognitive functioning, even though
people feel they’re giving their full attention and focus to the task at hand.
5. 5
Introductions
Please introduce your classmate by interviewing her or him
(take notes) and telling us:
Their name and major at CCC.
Why they are taking the course (blunt honesty is fine!)
What they would like to learn in the class.
One thing they have never done but would like to do
(the sky is the limit: dream large)!
7. Tools used to study religion
Cultural Anthropology: comparing religious beliefs and practices across
cultures.
Sociology, History, Archeology, Theory, Depth Psychology, Literary
Analysis, etc.
7
8. What Religions Do:
They attempt to answer these questions
and challenges:
What Is ultimate reality, or the fundamental power in
all reality or the absolute nature of things?
How should we live in this world?
What is our ultimate purpose? What are we here for,
what is our life goal?
9. 9
Activity 1
Consensus definitions:
Discuss your group’s assigned term, and create a consensus definition
from your brains!! Elect one person to write the definition on the board,
and comment on the differences and agreements that led to your
definition.
Group 1: Define the term religion.
Group 2: Define the term sacred.
Group 3: Define the term myth.
Group 4: Define the term spirituality.
Group 5: Define the term ritual.
10. 10
What is religion?
Religion is often defined as ‘to join again’ or ‘to reconnect.’
Religion suggests a joining of our natural and human world to the ‘sacred’ world.
12. 12
What is religion?
‘Spiritual Path’ can sometimes be used as a substitute for the word religion, especially for
some Asian religions.
How do the terms ‘religion’ and ‘spiritual path’ differ in meaning to you—discuss with
classmate and be ready to share!
13. Classroom etiquette and being ‘woke’
Our class is based on mutual respect. What one person holds
sacred may not be true for another. Showing respect is putting
another person’s dignity over your own need to express an
opinion.
If we are woke we inspect ourselves and others for racial and
gender bias—and in this class religious bias.
A person being overtly racist, sexist or ‘religionist’ is being
threatening– CCC’s rules state I have to drop you!
Here’s what I tell my kids to say: “Don’t say that to me, don’t do
that to me. I hate it.”
13
14. Belief system:
Several beliefs fit together into an
understanding of the universe and
the human being’s place in it; also
called a worldview, doctrine or
philosophy.What is your belief
system? Describe to another
student.
Community:
The belief system is shared, and its
ideals are practiced by a group.
(Social or institutional). Are you a
member of this kind of community?
15. 15
Stories
Central Myths:
Stories that express religious
beliefs (like major events of
a life story) are retold and
reenacted. Examples?
Rituals:
Beliefs enacted and made real
through ceremonies.
Examples?
16. 16
Ethics
Rules about human behavior, either revealed from a supernatural realm, and/or as
socially generated guidelines.
Share an ethical rule that you follow in your own life with a classmate.
17. 17
Emotional Experiences
Religious experiences can evoke awe, mystery, devotion,
conversion, “rebirth,” liberation, ecstasy, bliss, inner peace, guilt
and dread.
Have you experienced any of these feelings during a religious
ceremony?
18. 18
Material expressions:
Objects like statues, paintings, music (including chants), flowers, incense, clothing,
architecture, and specific locations.
Any religious or spiritual material expressions you find meaningful?
19. The ‘isms’
ism– a suffix denoting action, practice, state or condition, principles,
doctrines, devotion or adherence.
Mono (one) theos (deity, God) + ism =
Monotheism, the doctrine or belief there is one God.
ology- a suffix meaning a field of study.
Theo (god) + ology = Theology, the study of the nature of God and
religious belief.
Please get out your notebook and write Journal entry 1 on top of the
page.
As we go through the various religious doctrines, note which ones ‘speak
to’ or resonate with your own spiritual and religious beliefs and briefly
state why.
19
20. 20
Monotheism: belief in one God
Monotheists believe God is a just, compassionate, omnipotent divine being with
will and intelligence.
Monotheists believe the reality of God is beyond categories: God is pure spirit,
not definable in words, powerful, active in the world but also distinct from it: God
is transcendent.
Transcendent: unlimited by the world and all ordinary reality.
21. 21
Monotheism
Some monotheists view the sacred reality as more like an energy or mysterious
power. The sacred is then spoken of as something immanent within the
universe.
Some monotheists believe God is both immanent and transcendent.
22. The belief that the sacred reality
takes the form of many coexisting
gods and goddesses.
The multiple deities may be
separate, each in charge of an
aspect of reality (love, nature).
Which polytheistic traditions are you
familiar with?
23. 23
Polytheism or Henotheism?
Henotheism: the worship of one
deity while admitting the
possibility of other deities.
In Hinduism God is seen as one
divine energy having many
faces: gods, goddesses and
humans like Krishna, Buddha,
Jesus, Muhammed, and us.
Religious scholars call Hinduism
a henotheistic religion.
24. 24
Pantheism
The belief the universe is a sacred manifestation; nothing is separate from the
sacred.
Everything shares the same spiritual essence. The sacred is discoverable in the
physical world and its processes.
Nature is holy.
25. Panentheism
Panentheism (meaning "all-in-God”) is the belief that the divine interpenetrates every
part of the universe and extends beyond it.
What’s the difference?
While pantheism asserts that 'All is God', panentheism goes further to claim that God is
greater than the universe.
25
26. Paganism
Paganism encompasses a diverse community: some groups
concentrate on specific traditions, practices or elements such as
ecology, witchcraft, Celtic traditions, or certain goddesses or
gods.
Wiccans, Druids, Sacred Ecologists and others make up part of
the community.
26
27. 27
Animism
Animism: the belief there is
no separation between the
physical and spiritual world.
Animists believe that
everything has a distinct
soul or spirit: animals,
rocks, trees, rivers, clouds,
people.
28. 28
Animism and Pantheism: the differences
What’s the difference between animism and pantheism?
Animists put more emphasis on the individual spirit of each thing.
Pantheists think everything shares the same spiritual essence, so all is
unified, there are no distinct spirits.
29. 29
Atheism, Agnosticism, Non-theism
Atheism: The belief there is no
God or gods/ goddesses. (A =
no, theos=God or god/esses).
Agnosticism: The belief that
the existence of God cannot be
proven.
Non-theism: No position on if
God exists or not.
30. 30
Activity 2
With your partner, please read the faith statements on your handouts and
decide which kind of belief system the statement represents. You might
detect overlap of the doctrines!!
Monotheist Atheist Polytheist Non-theist
Animist Henotheist Pantheist Agnostic
Panentheist– write a faith statement that reflects this doctrine!
31. Sacramental: Rituals and
ceremonies performed regularly
and correctly as the path to
salvation; some religions believe
rituals influence the processes of
nature. Examples?
Prophetic orientation: Proper
belief and adherence to moral
rules ensures contact with God.
Examples?
A human can be the intermediary
between the believer and the sacred; a
prophet may speak to believers
on behalf of the sacred.
Examples?
Note in your journal which orientation(s) appeal to you.
32. Mystical orientation: A mystic
seeks union with a reality greater
than oneself, such as with God,
nature, the universe, or reality as a
whole.
Techniques like meditation,
chanting, dance or hallucinogens
are used for lessening the sense of
one’s individual identity to
experience a greater unity.
We call this an ecstatic state.
Note in your journal which
orientation(s) appeal to you.
33. 1.Share your example of religion being used by an oppressor to
make people feel better about being poor and exploited.
Share your example of religion being used to better the status of
those who are poor and exploited.
2. Durkheim says the key feature of religion is a distinction between
the sacred (things set apart, forbidden, that inspire feelings of awe
and the profane (things that have no social significance). Describe
a sacred thing that inspires awe in you.
‘Isms’ review and activity from last week’s handout.
33
34. The first peace, which is the
most important, is that which
comes within the souls of
people when they realize
their relationship, their
oneness, with the universe
and all its powers, and when
they realize that at the
center of the universe dwells
Wakan-Taka (the Great
Spirit), and that this center is
really everywhere, it is within
each of us.
Black Elk,( n.d), TheTrue Peace,retrieved from First People, http://www.firstpeople.us/FP-Html-Wisdom/BlackElk.html
[Untitled photograph of Black Elk]. Retrieved Feb. 28,2012, from: , http://www.firstpeople.us/FP-Html-Wisdom/BlackElk.html
[
35. With your partner, identify which of the following beliefs and belief systems are
contained in Black Elk’s worldview. Be prepared to support your answers!
Monotheism, Polytheism, Animism, Agnosticism, Atheism, Henotheism,
Pantheism, Non-theism Sacramental orientation, Prophetic orientation
Mystical orientation
“The first peace, which is the most important, is that which comes within
the souls of people when they realize their relationship, their oneness,
with the universe and all its powers, and when they realize that at the
center of the universe dwells Wakan-Taka (the Great Spirit), and that this
center is really everywhere, it is within each of us.”
36. For Functionalists, society is a system of parts of social institutions, such as religion, the family and
the economy.
Society is like an organism, with basic needs that it must meet in order to survive. Needs are met by
different institutions, each performs certain functions.
For Functionalists social consensus- shared norms and values which one follows, makes social order.
Religious institutions take a part in creating social solidarity and value consensus.
37. Sigmund Freud, Karl Marx, and Émile Durkheim are foundational
thinkers for religious studies, although their explanations are
functionalist.
38. For Freud, religion is wish-fulfillment.
Freud thought that the adoption of religion
is a reversion to childish patterns of
thought in response to feelings of
helplessness and guilt.
We feel a need for security and
forgiveness, and so invent a source of
security and forgiveness: God.
Religion is seen as a childish delusion,
and atheism as a grown-up realism.
38
39. For Marx, economics is the basis of all of human life and history — generating division of labor, class
struggle, and all the social institutions which are supposed to maintain the status quo. Marx thought all
institutions important in our daily lives — marriage, church, government, arts, etc. — can only be truly
understood when examined in relation to economic forces.
Marx thought religion is one of those social institutions dependent upon material and economic realities in
a given society. It has no independent history but is instead the creature of productive forces. As Marx
wrote, “The religious world is but the reflex of the real world.”
39
40. To Marx, problems in religion are ultimately problems in society.
Religion is not the disease, but merely a symptom. It is used by oppressors to make
people feel better about the distress they experience due to being poor and
exploited.
This is the origin of his comment that religion is the “opium of the masses” —but his
thoughts are much more complex than commonly portrayed.
40
41. For Durkheim, the key feature of religion is a distinction
between the sacred (things set apart, forbidden, that
inspire feelings of awe, or and are surrounded by taboos
and prohibitions) and the profane (things that have no
social significance) which is found in all religions.
Examples?
A religion involves rituals or practices that are collective-
performed by social groups. Those rituals reinforce social
norms.
Durkheim thought powerful feelings in believers indicates
their sacred symbols represent something of great power,
but the symbols aren’t religious—they are societal.
Durkheim suggested that when one worships the sacred
symbols, people are worshiping society itself, uniting
believers into a single moral community.
Editor's Notes
Menu
Class business
Introductions
Definitions of religion- group work
Religious orientations
Black Elk
Group Work
The seven aspects of religion
The isms
Partner work
800 people tested to see how well they do on cognitive tasks– those with cellphones outside the room did best.
Sociology of religion is the study of the beliefs, practices and organizational forms of religion using the tools and methods of the discipline of sociology. This objective investigation may include the use of both quantitative methods (surveys , polls, demographic. Secular=nonreligious
According to the philologist Max Müller, the root of the English word "religion", the Latin religio, was originally used to mean only "reverence for God or the gods, careful pondering of divine things, piety" (which Cicero further derived to mean "diligence").[15][16] Max Müller characterized many other cultures around the world, including Egypt, Persia, and India, as having a similar power structure at this point in history. What is called ancient religion today, they would have only called "law"