The Indiana bat is an endangered species that lives in caves and dead trees in the Midwest and Eastern U.S. It faces threats from white-nose syndrome, a fungal disease that has killed over a million bats since 2006. The disease causes white fungal growth around bats' faces and wings. Indiana bats are also threatened by habitat loss through deforestation and climate change. Conservation efforts aim to protect the bats' critical habitat in caves and abandoned mines.
This presentation briefly covers human impacts on wildlife such as habitat destruction and pollution, along with the importance and benefits of wetlands. Most of the imformation leads into several Pennsylvania species labeled as threatened or endangered. Being that my main interests are in snakes, I throw additional color photos of a few PA snakes into the end of the presentation. Hope you enjoy.
This topic deals with the phenomenon of endemism and classification of endemic animals into various categories with a couple of endemic species to Indian subcontinent. This presentation is useful for the teachers teaching classes at UG and PG levels as well as for the students studying at respective classes. This is exclusively for education purpose.
This presentation briefly covers human impacts on wildlife such as habitat destruction and pollution, along with the importance and benefits of wetlands. Most of the imformation leads into several Pennsylvania species labeled as threatened or endangered. Being that my main interests are in snakes, I throw additional color photos of a few PA snakes into the end of the presentation. Hope you enjoy.
This topic deals with the phenomenon of endemism and classification of endemic animals into various categories with a couple of endemic species to Indian subcontinent. This presentation is useful for the teachers teaching classes at UG and PG levels as well as for the students studying at respective classes. This is exclusively for education purpose.
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Controlling the Root-knot Nematodes (RKNs) Hamid Abbasi Moghaddam*and Mohamma...Dheeraj Vasu
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Tracey Gray, fropm Port Fairy Consolidated School, delivered this presentation to VCE Environmental Science stuednts in May, 2008 as part of the Unit 3: Biodiversity course.
Controlling the Root-knot Nematodes (RKNs) Hamid Abbasi Moghaddam*and Mohamma...Dheeraj Vasu
ABSTRACT: Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are ubiquitous parasites with an amazing capacity to interact with a very large variety of plant species. They are sedentary endoparasitic nematodes that depend on the induction of a permanent feeding site in living roots to complete their life cycle. RKNs interfere with the genetic programmes of their hosts to transform root vascular cells into giant cells (GCs) through the injection of nematode effectors from their oesophageal glands. Dramatic rearrangements in GCs cytoskeleton, alteration of cell cycle mechanisms, such as mitosis and endoreduplication, readjustment of enzymes involved in carbohydrate synthesis and degradation are among those processes modified in GCs. GCs act as sinks to provide nutrients for life cycle completion from J2 larvae to adult females. The female produces an egg offspring protected by a gelatinous matrix and the free-living stage, J2, hatch from these eggs, completing the nematode life cycle. The understanding of the processes subjacent to GC differentiation and maintenance, as well as a deeper knowledge of RKN mode of parasitism, will provide tools for new control methods of these devastating agricultural pests.
This piece was created for my English presentation, constituting 20% of the final grade.
Our theme revolves around "Something amazing in sciences". We've selected a topic that delves into the diverse world of frogs, exploring our top 5 favorite frog species.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
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বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
Delivering Micro-Credentials in Technical and Vocational Education and TrainingAG2 Design
Explore how micro-credentials are transforming Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) with this comprehensive slide deck. Discover what micro-credentials are, their importance in TVET, the advantages they offer, and the insights from industry experts. Additionally, learn about the top software applications available for creating and managing micro-credentials. This presentation also includes valuable resources and a discussion on the future of these specialised certifications.
For more detailed information on delivering micro-credentials in TVET, visit this https://tvettrainer.com/delivering-micro-credentials-in-tvet/
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
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Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
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2. The Indiana bat is an endangered species that
exists in the Great Smoky Mountain National
Park. It was first listed in 1967 primarily due to
episodes of human disturbance during
hibernation killing large numbers of bats.
Indiana bats are extremely vulnerable to
disturbance because they hibernate in large
numbers in only a few caves (the largest
hibernation caves support from 20,000 to 50,000
bats) (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,2011) .
3. Indiana bats are very small. This species only
weighs one-quarter of an ounce (about the
weight of three pennies) although in flight they
have a wingspan of 9 to 11 inches. The fur of the
Indiana Bat is dark-brown to black. They
hibernate during winter in caves
or, occasionally, in abandoned mines. During
the summer months they roost under the
peeling bark of dead and decaying trees. Indiana
bats eat a variety of flying insects found along
rivers or lakes and in uplands (U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, 2011).
4. Metabolic Processes- “The diet of Indiana bats is made up of small insects with soft
bodies, but may also include moths and beetles. At the end of the summer, the bats
change from eating insects with soft bodies to insects with hard bodies”
(BioKIDS, 2011). This shows that the Indiana bat is capable of nutrient
uptake, processing, and waste elimination. This organism has an animal cell which
allows it to store energy.
Generative Processes- the Indiana bat is a mammal which reproduces through sexual
reproduction and provides young with milk. The Indiana bat mates in the fall, but does
not become pregnant until the spring when the hibernation period is over
(BioKIDS, 2011). The gestation process is about 60 days and the female only gives
birth to one offspring each year.
Responsive Processes- the Indiana bat’s fur color ranges from black to light brown
depending on the specific location of habitat. The fur color allows them to blend in in
forest habitats and caves. When alarmed and for general communication purposes
the Indiana bat communicates with a range of sounds. These bats are “cluster” bats
and travel in groups for protection.
Control Processes- because the Indiana bat is classified as a living organism it does
engage in control processes.
Structural Processes- the Indiana bat contains animal cells, organ systems, tissues
and carries out all four of the life processes.
5. The Indiana bat does have specialized structures that
allow them to thrive and survive. The eyes of all bats
are well adapted to low illumination, having mainly
rod-based retinas, large corneal surfaces and
lenses, and generally large receptor fields. Bats can
easily detect small differences in brightness on clear
nights, and the visual acuity remains relatively good in
dim illuminations (Johan Eklof, 2006). The sonar
abilities and wings of the bat are also specialized
structures that allow this animal to survive. Their
specific wing design allows them to fly and live in cave
environments, sonar abilities allow them to
communicate and be warned of predators.
6. Specific Traits of the Indiana Bat:
The size of the feet and the length of the toe hairs are
characteristics used to differentiate the Indiana bat
from other bats (Indiana Division of Fish and Wildlife
Service, 2011). The specific wing design, size, and call
of the Indiana bat are also considered genetic traits.
The Indiana Bat interestingly enough only mates
within its own species.
Conditions that may prevent survival: The Indiana Bat
is in great danger especially today in the 21st century
of a disease called White Nose Syndrome. This disease
is not genetic and kills mass amounts of hibernating
bats.
7. Where does the
Indiana Bat call home?
Biome: Temperate Deciduous
Forest. Midwest, Eastern Areas
of the U.S.
Indiana, Kentucky, Virginia, Ten
nessee.
Ecosystem/Habitat: Caves and
dead and/or hollowed out
trees. The Indiana Bat’s role in
its environment is to keep the
ecosystem’s carrying capacity
of insects within a health range.
The females live in
colonies, carry, birth, and nurse
the young; while males tend to
lead solitary lives.
Place in the Food Chain: The
Indiana Bat is a consumer;
more specifically a insectical
carnivore. Feeding mainly on
night time insects such as
mosquitoes.
8. Environmental
Changes and Threats
to the Indiana Bat
The Indiana Bat is a cave dwelling
species that is currently suffering
from a highly contagious disease
referred to as White Nose
Syndrome. Due to this
disease, budget cuts in the
nation’s national forests as well as
deforestation and changes in
climate in the Midwest and
Eastern portion of the U.S. the
Indiana Bat population is rapidly
decreasing in numbers and
relocating in habitats that are not
familiar to them.
In order to protect this species of
bats certain areas of caves and
abandon mines have been
designated as a “critical habitat”
and closed to humans other than
environmental officials. (U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service, 2011).
9. White Nose Syndrome: An illness that has killed over a million bats since
2006 when dead and dying bats, with the distinctive "white nose," were
first observed. "White nose" refers to a ring of white fungus often seen
on the faces and wings of affected bats. First observed in a cave in New
York in February 2006, white-nose syndrome has since spread from New
York caves to caves in Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New
Hampshire, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. Bats afflicted
with white-nose syndrome have been found in over 25 caves and mines
in the northeastern U.S. The U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service has called for a
moratorium on caving activities in the affected areas, and strongly
recommends that any clothing or equipment used in such areas be
decontaminated after each use (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2011).
What’s the Controversy? Many national parks and states affected do not
have the financial resources to really move forward with protecting these
bats and finding the root to of the White Nose problem. In
addition, many outdoorsman do not agree with closing caves, mines, and
areas where bats have been found with White Nose.
10. Click the link below to view a video on White
Nose Syndrome:
http://www.cavebiota.com/
Click on “The Battle for the Bats: White Nose
Syndrome.”
11. Biokids.Com (2011). University of Michigan.
http://www.biokids.umich.edu/critters/Myotis_sodalis/.
Cave Biota (2011). Hoosier National Forest & Indiana Karst Conservancy.
Accessed on: 10-10-11. http://www.cavebiota.com/
Eklof, Johan. (2003-2006). Vision in Echolocating Bats.
http://fladdermus.net/thesis.htm.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (2011). Accessed on: 9-27-11.
http://www.fws.gov/midwest/Endangered/mammals/inba/index.html.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (2011). Indiana Division
Accessed on: 9-27-11. http://www.fws.gov/midwest/Endangered/mammals/inba/index.html.