This document provides the scientific names, common names, and families of 48 different weed species. It was submitted by Shivalika to Dr. Surinder Singh Rana for their MSc course. The weeds covered include species from families like Asteraceae, Poaceae, Solanaceae, and others. For each weed, the scientific name, common name, and family are listed.
Hibiscus - introduction and uses – varieties - soil and climate and planting systems - weed, nutrition and irrigation management –special horticultural practices - role of growth regulators- harvest index and yield
The Cucurbitaceae, also called cucurbits or the gourd family, are a plant family consisting of about 965 species in around 95 genera, of which the most important to humans are: Cucurbita – squash,
Hibiscus - introduction and uses – varieties - soil and climate and planting systems - weed, nutrition and irrigation management –special horticultural practices - role of growth regulators- harvest index and yield
The Cucurbitaceae, also called cucurbits or the gourd family, are a plant family consisting of about 965 species in around 95 genera, of which the most important to humans are: Cucurbita – squash,
The Pilu tree belongs to the Salvadoraceae family. The botanic systematic name of the tree is Salvadora persica. Chewing sticks of the Pilu tree were used by the Babylonians approximately 7000 years ago; they were later used throughout the Greek and Roman empires, and by ancient Egyptians and Muslims.
These chewing sticks are most commonly used in the Middle East and South America, though are also used in parts of Africa and Asia.
Barleria and celosia are the traditional under utilized flower crop therefore their information not most available in the books and other sources so we makes some effort for preparing presentation
This presentation is done by 2010/2011 batch of Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Rice & Field Crop Production”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.
Gomphrena and Ixora - introduction and uses – varieties - soil and climate and planting systems - weed, nutrition and irrigation management – role of growth regulators- harvest index and yield
Phylanthus niruri Hook F.
Cyperus rotundus L.
Chenopodium album L.
Cynodon dactylon (L)
Tridax procumbence L.
Ephorbia hirta L
Lantana camera L.
Amaranthus viridis
Xanthium strumerium L.
The Pilu tree belongs to the Salvadoraceae family. The botanic systematic name of the tree is Salvadora persica. Chewing sticks of the Pilu tree were used by the Babylonians approximately 7000 years ago; they were later used throughout the Greek and Roman empires, and by ancient Egyptians and Muslims.
These chewing sticks are most commonly used in the Middle East and South America, though are also used in parts of Africa and Asia.
Barleria and celosia are the traditional under utilized flower crop therefore their information not most available in the books and other sources so we makes some effort for preparing presentation
This presentation is done by 2010/2011 batch of Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Rice & Field Crop Production”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.
Gomphrena and Ixora - introduction and uses – varieties - soil and climate and planting systems - weed, nutrition and irrigation management – role of growth regulators- harvest index and yield
Phylanthus niruri Hook F.
Cyperus rotundus L.
Chenopodium album L.
Cynodon dactylon (L)
Tridax procumbence L.
Ephorbia hirta L
Lantana camera L.
Amaranthus viridis
Xanthium strumerium L.
Reproductive biology [ Dry Season Blooming Tree species, Boswellia ovalifoliolata (Burseraceae) and Terminalia pallida (Combretaceae) as key food plants for Insects/Sunbirds during Dry Season in Southern Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh ]
identification of weed plants ,commonly occurs in hilly region of Uttarakhand akanshasingh249
weed identification during PCP course (hilly region of Uttarakhand) .A weed is a plant considered undesirable in a particular situation, "a plant in the wrong place". weed control is very important in agriculture ,and this is possible ,only by proper identification of weed plants present in crop field. Here I am presenting some common weeds ,which occurs in hilly region of Uttarakhand.
Flowers and their botanical names are very important while studying botany. As the botany students have to prepare herbarium. Here are given some flowers with their botanical names along with families and common names.
*family which are not mentioned in slides are
eucalyptus- Myrtaceae
opium poppy- Papaveraceae
Pictures and descriptions of food plants that grow in Haiti. A work in progress, but of great potential for local use. Produced under a Rotary project known as Learn/Grow with the help of Haitian food plant grower and educator Jean-Patrick Lucien, the majority of the information comes from a database created by Bruce French of Food Plants International (FPI). FPI in partnership with Rotary has created the database of information so that people could easily access it for practical application.
Compendium of Medicinal Plants (Common Wood Sorrel, Operculina Turpethum, Nepeta Cataria, Penny-Royal, Linaria vulgaris, Laurus Camphor, Hippophae Rhamnoides, Glycine Max, Fagopyrum tataricum, Cayratia Carnosa, Apluda Mutica, Agaricus Albus, Amaranthus Spinosus, Baliospermum Montanum, Delonix Elata)
Medicinal plants are not only a major resource base for the traditional medicine & herbal industry but also provide livelihood and health security to a large segment of Indian population. Medicinal plants are resources of new drugs. Medicinal plants are important for human health. These plants have been used from the prehistoric times to present day. These plants based medicines are consumed in all civilizations. It is believed that the herbal medicine can give good effect to body without causing side effects to human’s life.
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Compendium of Indian Medicinal Plants, Conservation of Medicinal Plants, Collection of Medicinal Plants, Storage of Medicinal Plants, Collection and Conservation of Medicinal Plants, Collection and Storage of Medicinal Plants, Guidelines for Commercial Compendium of Medicinal Plants, Methods of Conserving Medicinal Plants, Medicinal Plants Conservation, Ways to Conserve Medicinal Plants, Conservation of Medicinal Plants in India, Cultivation and Conservation of Medicinal Plants, Storage and Cultivation of Medicinal Plants, Medicinal Plants for Treatment, Medicinal Plants Compendium, Compendium of Medicinal Plants, Cultivation and Collection of Medicinal Plants, Agricultural and Collection for Medicinal Plants, Medicinal Plants for Forest Conservation, Agaricus Albus, Amaranthus Spinosus, Apluda Mutica, Asparagus Adscendens, Bauhinia Recemosa, Boerhaaria Chinensis, Bryonopsis Laciniosa, Cayratia Carnosa, Cichorum Endivia Linn, Cocculus Hirsufus, Convolvulus Microphyllus, Cynodon Dactylon Pers, Drosera Pellata, Delonix Elata, Eclipta Alba Hassk, Emblica Officinalis, Erythrina indica, Euphorbia pulurifera, Ficus Tsiela, Roxb, Fagopyrum tataricum, Galium Verum Rubiaceae, Gentiana Lutea, Glechoma Hederacea, Hedera Helix, Hepatica Nobilis, Hippophae Rhamnoides, Hyoscyamus Niger, Iris Germanica, Juglans Regia, Laburnum Anagyroides, Lagenaria Vulgaris, Laurus Camphor, Leonurus Cardiaca, Lycopus Europaeus, Malva Sylvestris Mauritanica, Marrubium Vulgare, Melitotus Officinalis, Penny-Royal, Morinda Concanensis, Nepeta Cataria, Operculina Turpethum, Martynia Annua, Ocimum Gratissimum, Ocimum Basilicum, Wild or Spirting Cucumber, Luffa Acutangula, Ischoemum Philosum Hack, Common Wood Sorrel
CHICKPEA , classification and production.pptxshivalika6
Gram is commonly known as chickpea, Bengal gram, garbanzo bean, ceci bean, chana.
It is known as king of pulses .
All India coordinated research project on chickpea started in 1993.
Most important winter season pulse crop in India.
India rank 1st in the world in chickpea production.
In India, Chickpea occupies about 38%of area under pulses and contributes 50% of production.
GLOBILISATION OF AGRICULTURE AND WTO.pptxshivalika6
This refers to the integration of agricultural markets, production processes, and supply chains on a global scale. It involves the increasing interconnectedness of agricultural producers, consumers, and markets worldwide.
Advancements in Non-Chemical Weed Management.pptxshivalika6
Weeds compete with crops for essential resources such as nutrients, water, and sunlight.
Uncontrolled weed growth can significantly reduce crop yields, leading to economic losses for farmers.
Weeds serve as hosts for pests and diseases, increasing the risk of crop damage and yield loss.
Effective weed management is essential for maintaining soil health and promoting optimal crop growth.
Sustainable weed control practices contribute to environmental conservation and long-term agricultural sustainability.
Carbon footprints and carbon sequestration.pptxshivalika6
Climate change being today’s major issue is concerned with the unprecedented increase in natural resource exploitation and uncontrolled population increase, reaching in an irreversible point. Greenhouse gases (GHGs) responsible for such changes are emitted by a variety of natural as well as anthropogenic sources.
Agriculture sector shares a major proportion in total GHG emission. As the food demand is increasing with the rising population, the proportion of GHG emissions from agricultural sector is also increasing.
organic farming and organic certification.pptxshivalika6
Organic farming is a production system which avoids or largely excludes the use of synthetically compounded fertilizers, pesticides , etc. and uses fertilizers of organic origin such as compost manure, green manure, and bone meal etc. and emphasis on techniques such as crop rotation and companion planting.
The ultimate goal of farming is not the growing of crops but the cultivation and perfection of human beings.
Growth Expressions & Laws of Plant Growth.pptxshivalika6
Plant response to nutrients was one of the earliest subjects of scientific plant investigation. The classical work of Liebig, Blackman, Mitscherlich and other were the basis for formulation several theories on growth factor limitation and plant respond. Knowledge of these theories lead to better understanding of plant respond to input and other management practices.
Plant growth is a function of its growth factor , which may be considered as variables , the magnitude and the interactions of which determine the amount of growth.
Nanotechnology and its use in agriculture.pptxshivalika6
Agriculture is the backbone of most developing countries, with more than 60% of the population reliant on it for their livelihood. Agricultural scientists are facing a wide spectrum of challenges such as: stagnation in crop yields, low nutrient use efficiency, declining soil organic matter, multi-nutrient deficiencies, climate change, shrinking arable land and water availability, shortage of labour besides exodus of people from farming.
Traditional farming techniques have attained saturation and are neither able to increase productivity nor able to restore ecosystems damaged by existing technologies. The global requirement of food is increasing gradually.
In spite of immense constraints faced, we need to attain a sustainable growth in agriculture to meet the food security challenges. To address these problems, there is a need to explore one of the frontier technologies such as ‘Nanotechnology’ to precisely detect and deliver the correct quantity of nutrients and pesticides that promote productivity while ensuring environmental safety and higher use efficiency.
It is a practice of growing profitable crops without irrigation in an area which recieves an annual rainfall of 500mm or even less. OR
Gowing of crop entirely under rainfed conditions is known as dryland agriculture.
India ranks first among rainfed agricultural countries of the world regarding both extent and value of produce.
The 128 distt. In india have been recognized as dryland farming areas where as, 74 distt. are recognized as drought– prone districts.
In India, severe drought is experienced once in 50 years, partial drought once in 5 years and floods are expected every year in one and another part of country
integrated farming system and its importnce.pptshivalika6
Recycling and utilization of other available resources in the farm
Maximum possible return and Profitability
Create adequate employment opportunities
Increased productivity
Potentiality or Sustainability
Balanced Food
Environmental Safety
Adoption of New Technology
Saving Energy
Meeting Fodder crisis
Solving Fuel and Timber Crisis
Agro – industries
Increasing Input Efficiency
site specific. nutrient. management.pptxshivalika6
Site – specific nutrient management is the dynamic, field specific management of nutrients in a particular cropping season to optimize the supply and demand of nutrients according to their differences in cycling through soil-plant systems.
Management of Parasitic and Aquatic weedsshivalika6
The global food production needs to increase by 70%
No horizontal expansion of land
1961 – 155.8 million hectare
1990 – 163.46 million hectares
2020 – 155.34 million hectares
Per capita arable land: 0.34ha (1961) and 0.12ha (2020)
Parasitic WeedsIntroduction:
plants which attack other plants by making connections and deriving part or all of their food from the host.
attach either to the roots or the shoots of the host plants
Aquatic Weeds
Unwanted plants, which grow in water and complete at least a part of their life cycle in waterland cause harm to aquatic environment (Lancar and krake,2002)
hydrophytes or macrophytes
India has a total area of about 7 million hectares under different kinds of water bodies such as reservoirs, tanks, lakes, ponds, etc. In addition about 1.8 lakh km is under rivers and canals.
Losses due to aquatic weeds
There are no precise estimates of the losses caused by aquatic weeds are available
50-60 percent loss of the cultivable water in Assam, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal making them unsuitable for fish culture.
Holm et al. (1991) reported that in the Chambal Project in India, submerged aquatic weeds had cut the flow of water by 80 per cent in the canals.
Preventive methods
Proper design and construction of ponds
Banks should be leveled and smoothed
Shallow water areas to be minimized
Lining of canals
Chemical control
In view of the restricted use of herbicides in aquatic bodies due to the multifaceted use of water for purposes like fish culture, irrigation, domestic use.
Chemicals used: 2,4-D, bensulfuron, copper sulphate, paraquat, etc
Chemicals used to control aquatic weeds
Effect of selected herbicides on Alligator Weed
Conclusion
Parasitic and aquatic weeds are the biggest threat to crop production and may also result in complete yield losses.
No single method can give effective results therefore, Integrated Weed Management systems seem to be the best solution to find effective, long-lasting, widely applicable and environmentally friendly methods for parasitic and aquatic weed control.
Future thrust
Some of the important emerging areas which require intensified and in depth research efforts are:
The effect of global climate change on crop-weed interactions
Protocol development for weed risk analysis
Weed management in precision as well as organic agriculture
Herbicide tolerant crops (HTCs)
Use of remote sensing techniques in weed management and variable rate technology for herbicide application
Herbicide Resistant Crops : Boon or Bane for Global Agriculture shivalika6
Acc to weed science society of America, Herbicide resistance is the inherited ability of a plant to survive and reproduce following exposure to a dose of herbicide normally lethal to the wild type
In a plant resistance may naturally occur or may get induced by such techniques as
genetic enggineering or a selection of variant produced by tissue culture.
It was altered response to a herbicide by a plant species which was earlier susceptible.
Process of transferring gene from one living organisms to another to serve specific purposes is called Genetic engineering
The crops produced by this process is called transgenic crops.
If gene transfer into the crop is responsible for the herbicide resistant then crops are called THRC’s .
HRC’s are genetically modified crops to which resistant to certain non-selective herbicides has been conferred.
1984, Commercially introduced in Canada through atrazine resistant canola variety.
1995, Monsanto introduced Roundup ready soybean.
1996, GM foods were first put on the market in USA.
71% of the of GM (genetically modified) plants were herbicide resistant. (Barber, 1999).
Cotton and rapeseed varieties are resistant to three herbicides- glyphosate, sulfonylurea and bromoxynil, in USA (DOWNEY 1999).
There are 22 transgenic crops approved for commercial use in the world till March 2008.
In the world, herbicide resistant corn, oilseed rape, soybean and cotton have been commercialized.
Transgenic cotton crop is allowed for cultivation in India.
Of the 29 countries that planted biotech crops in 2019, 19 countries were considered as biotech mega-countries, which grew at least 50,000 hectares .
The USA remained as the top producer of biotech crops globally, which planted 71.5 million hectares & Brazil landed on the second spot, with 52.8 million hectares in 2019.
Do u know where biotech crops are grown
More than 30 countries have planted biotech crop since 1996.
2.7 billion ha of biotech crops planted since 1996
17 million small, resource-poor farmers and their families totaling greater than 65 million people benefited from biotech crop in 2019
see where they were grown in 2019
Usa is the largest producer of biotech crops in the world,planting37.6% of global biotech crop area
10 countries in latin america planted biotech crop in 2019
Biotech canolas adoption rate in canada reached 95%
Brazil is the top developing country in the world planting biotech crops
Spain is the leading country planting biotech maize in europe
Malawi, euthopia and nigeria planted bt cotton for the first time in 2019
More than 6 million farmers in india planted 11.9 million hectare of bt-cotton.According to international service for the acquisition of agribiotech application In 2019
highest area and adoption rate was of biotech soyabean
which was cultivated in 91.9 million heactares
Biotech Maize was cultivated on 60.9 million hectares
Biotech cotton was cultivated in 25.7 million ha
Biotech canola in 10.1 million ha
And other
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.