The document provides an in-depth overview of IBM's WebSphere software platform, including its various packaging options and architecture. It covers the management and performance monitoring of WebSphere, emphasizing tools like Tivoli Performance Viewer and the Performance Monitoring Servlet for analyzing performance data. Key details include the functionalities and limitations of each WebSphere edition, important for running Java 2 Enterprise Edition applications.

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Understanding WebSphereUnderstanding WebSphere
performanceperformance

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What We’ll Cover …What We’ll Cover …
• Understanding WebSphere
o Understanding WebSphere V5 packaging
o Understanding WebSphere V5 architecture
• Managing WebSphere
• Understanding WebSphere performance
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What Is WebSphere?What Is WebSphere?
• WebSphere is not a product; it's a software
platform that includes many products
o WebSphere Application Server, or WAS,
is often referred to as WebSphere
• The WebSphere software platform is an
e-business solutions framework
o IBM uses WebSphere and Domino to provide a
runtime environment for its business solutions
o Business solutions include
• WebSphere Portal Server (WPS)
• WebSphere Commerce Suite (WCS)
• Mobile computing and more
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Note

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What Does WebSphere Do?What Does WebSphere Do?
• In this session the term WebSphere means the
WebSphere Application Server product
• WAS provides a runtime environment for
Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) applications
o J2EE defines a bunch of Java APIs for enterprise-level applications
that are portable across application servers
o Includes Java servlets, Java Server Pages (JSPs), Enterprise JavaBeans
(EJBs), and other J2EE APIs
• WAS V5 implements J2EE 1.3 APIs with extensions
o WebSphere business solutions (portal, commerce, etc.) are
implemented as J2EE applications that run on WAS
o WAS also provides proprietary extensions to J2EE 1.3
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What We’ll Cover …What We’ll Cover …
• Understanding WebSphere
o Understanding WebSphere V5 packaging
o Understanding WebSphere V5 architecture
• Managing WebSphere
• Understanding WebSphere performance
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WAS V5 PackagingWAS V5 Packaging
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WebSphere Application Server Express
WebSphere Application Server
WebSphere Application Server
Network Deployment
WebSphere Application Server
Enterprise Edition

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WAS ExpressWAS Express
• WAS Express contains development tools and a
limited version of WebSphere Application Server
o Does not provide support for EJBs
o Supports a limited number of database products
o WAS Express has an embedded HTTP server that is
built to handle a limited number of concurrent users
• WAS Express doesn’t support external HTTP
servers and can’t be integrated with Domino
• WAS Express is designed for development,
testing, and small pilot project activities only
o Great for building dynamic Web applications
o Lowest-cost entry-level WebSphere package
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Heads Up

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WebSphere Application Server (WAS Base)WebSphere Application Server (WAS Base)
• WebSphere Application Server is commonly
called WAS Base or just Base to differentiate it
o This session uses the terminology WAS Base
• WAS Base extends WAS Express with
o Full J2EE 1.3 support
o Support for a wide range of database products
o Support for external HTTP servers such as Domino
• WAS Base is designed for production systems
that have a relatively low number of concurrent
users
o Runs on a single server and has limited scalability
o Similar to WebSphere V4 Advanced Single-Server
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Tip

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WAS Network DeploymentWAS Network Deployment
• WAS Network Deployment extends WAS Base
with:
o Multi-server deployment for mission-critical applications
o Centralized administration model
• Servers can be clustered for high scalability
o Supports both load-balancing and failover to provide
24x7x365 operations for mission-critical applications
o Similar to WebSphere V4 Advanced Edition
• WAS Network Deployment includes WAS Base
plus
o The Deployment Manager to configure and manage multiple
instances of WebSphere on multiple servers
o Edge components that provide HTTP load balancing and Web page
caching capabilities for enhanced scalability
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WAS Enterprise EditionWAS Enterprise Edition
• WAS Enterprise Edition provides proprietary
extensions to the J2EE programming model
o Adds sophisticated application functions like workflow
o Provides application performance enhancements
• IBM uses these capabilities to add functionality
and performance for its business solutions
o WebSphere Portal Server, WebSphere Commerce Suite
o IBM shares common services across business solutions and makes
them available to their customers (at a price)
• These extensions can save development time,
but applications are no longer portable to other
J2EE application servers (vendor lock-in)!
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Caution

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What We’ll Cover …What We’ll Cover …
• Understanding WebSphere
o Understanding WebSphere V5 packaging
o Understanding WebSphere V5 architecture
• Managing WebSphere
• Understanding WebSphere performance
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WAS Express ArchitectureWAS Express Architecture
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Administrator's Console
Web Browser
HTTP
WebSphere Node
HTTP
HTTPS
Embedded
HTTP Server
Application Server
ccJSP
Java
Servlet
JSP
Engine
Admin Svc
Configuration
Repository
(XMLFiles)
Application
Database
HTTPS

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WAS Base ArchitectureWAS Base Architecture
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Administrator's Console
Web Browser
HTTP
Configuration
Repository
(XMLFiles)
HTTP Server
HTTP
HTTPS
Application
Database
WebSphere Node
WebSphere
Plug-In
Application Server
ccJSP
Java
Servlet EJB
JSP
Engine
HTTP
HTTPS
Admin Svc
Embedded
HTTP Server

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What We’ll Cover …What We’ll Cover …
• Understanding WebSphere
o Understanding WebSphere V5 packaging
o Understanding WebSphere V5 architecture
• Managing WebSphere
• Understanding WebSphere performance
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Managing WebSphereManaging WebSphere
• Typical WebSphere administration tasks
o Starting and stopping WebSphere
o Creating and configuring application servers
o Creating and configuring virtual hosts
o Deploying WebSphere applications
• The tasks required to manage WebSphere are
the same for all of the WebSphere packages
o But the way in which you execute the tasks
differs significantly between WAS Base and
WAS Network Deployment
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Caution

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What We’ll Cover …What We’ll Cover …
• Understanding WebSphere
o Understanding WebSphere V5 packaging
o Understanding WebSphere V5 architecture
• Managing WebSphere
• Understanding WebSphere performance
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Measuring WebSphere PerformanceMeasuring WebSphere Performance• All systems are limited by resources
o For example, cars are limited by fuel combustibility, engine size,
transmission, tire type and size, etc.
o When the resources in any system are low,
bottlenecks occur and performance is reduced
• To manage WebSphere effectively, you must
understand how to monitor its resources
o Resources have data values that you
use to determine their availability
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Understanding WebSphere ResourcesUnderstanding WebSphere Resources
• WebSphere uses system resources such as
memory, database connections, threads, etc.
o WebSphere resources are described in Chapter 15
of the Redbook “WebSphere V5.0 Performance, Scalability and High
Availability” SG24-6198-00
• Knowing what resources WebSphere uses and
how to monitor those resources, you will:
o Understand and identify the underlying causes of
performance issues in a WebSphere environment
o Know whether to tune WebSphere or ask the
application developer to address a design issue
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Where
to
FIND
it

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Capturing the Performance DataCapturing the Performance Data
• Now that you know what to measure, you
need to know how to capture the data
o Performance monitoring and analysis
capabilities are built into WebSphere
o This feature is called the Performance
Monitoring Infrastructure, or PMI
• PMI is embedded in the application
server to capture performance data
o IBM provides tools for analyzing the data
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Great Feature

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Analyzing WebSphere PerformanceAnalyzing WebSphere Performance
• To analyze performance, use tools that can
store and display the data captured by PMI
o PMI makes performance data available
o PMI does not record or analyze the data
• IBM provides two tools for analyzing
WebSphere performance
o Tivoli Performance Viewer
• Used to be called Resource Analyzer
o Performance monitoring servlet
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Tools

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Understanding Tivoli Performance ViewerUnderstanding Tivoli Performance Viewer
• Tivoli Performance Viewer is a Java
application that records and reports data
captured by PMI
o This used to be called the Resource Analyzer in V4
• Tivoli Performance Viewer is the most useful
tool for analyzing WebSphere performance
o It helps you determine what resources are
being used up and how best to tune
o It can record and play back performance
issues to end users and developers
Functionality

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Tivoli Performance Viewer Pros and ConsTivoli Performance Viewer Pros and Cons
• Pros of Tivoli Performance Viewer
o Provides a full graphical user interface
o Generates charts that make the data
easier to understand and analyze
o Contains the best analytical capabilities
• Cons of Tivoli Performance Viewer
o Uses the IIOP protocol, which may be blocked
if the administration server is behind a firewall
o Requires a client-side install
Issue

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Performance Monitoring ServletPerformance Monitoring Servlet
• The Performance Monitoring servlet is a Web-
based alternative to Tivoli Performance Viewer
o Returns performance data in XML format
o Distributed with WebSphere, but you have to install it
• See Chapter 15 of “WebSphere V5.0 Performance, Scalability
and High Availability” SG24-6198-00
• Start the servlet with the URL
o http://host/wasPerfTool/servlet/perfservlet
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Where
to
FIND
it

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Performance Monitoring Servlet Pros and ConsPerformance Monitoring Servlet Pros and Cons
• Pros of the Servlet are
o Can be used to view performance data
from anywhere with a Web browser
• Cons of the Servlet are
o Does not provide a graphical interface for navigating
data items or creating charts
o Cannot store information in a log
file for later analysis or playback
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Issue

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