The passage describes the triangular slave trade between Europe, Africa, and the Americas. It began as Europeans established colonies in the Americas but lacked a sufficient workforce. Africans were enslaved and transported to the Americas to work on plantations and mines, as they were better suited to the tropical climate and resistant to European diseases. The triangular trade route involved ships transporting supplies from Europe to Africa, slaves from Africa to the Americas, and goods from the Americas back to Europe, providing profits for European merchants but great suffering for enslaved Africans through the Middle Passage.