The document discusses web services testing. It provides an overview of service-oriented architecture (SOA), including what services are, how they connect and interact, and the advantages of SOA like easy integration and loose coupling. It also discusses key components of web services like SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI. WSDL is described as an XML document that defines a web service's location, methods, and data types. An example WSDL document is given to illustrate its structure and elements.

1. Web Services Testing
Dr. Pallawi Bulakh

2. Contents
 7.1 Service Oriented Architecture (SOA), who uses SOA
 7.2 Web Services, Why Web Services are Being Used? What is WSDL? , Web Service
Standards, tools to test
 7.3 Web services, how to test web services, why to test web services
 7.4 Understanding WSDL, how is it used, specifications, document, and file, Retrieving
and Viewing/ Inspecting WSDL file
 7.5 SOAP, SoapUI tool, download and installation RESTFul Service

3. Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)

4. Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)
 A Service-Oriented Architecture or SOA is a design pattern which is designed to
build distributed systems that deliver services to other applications through the
protocol.
 It is only a concept and not limited to any programming language or platform

5. What is Service?
 A service is a clear, independent function that describes a piece of functionality.
 A service can swap data and knowledge from different services. It is not reliant
on the nature of another service.
 It applies a loosely coupled, message-based information design to interact with
applications and additional services.

6. Service Connections
 Service consumer sends a service
request to the service provider, and
the service provider sends the
service response to the service
consumer.
 The service connection is
understandable to both the service
consumer and service provider.

7. Architecture of SOA
 Services - The services are the logical
entities defined by one or more published
interfaces.
 Service provider - It is a software entity
that implements a service specification.
 Service consumer - It can be called as
a requestor or client that calls a service
provider. A service consumer can be
another service or an end-user
application.
 Service locator - It is a service provider
that acts as a registry. It is responsible
for examining service provider interfaces
and service locations.
 Service broker - It is a service provider
that pass service requests to one or
more additional service providers.

8. SOA has the following advantages:
 Easy to integrate - In a service-oriented architecture, the
integration is a service specification that provides
implementation transparency.
 Manage Complexity - Due to service specification, the
complexities get isolated, and integration becomes more
manageable.
 Platform Independence - The services are platform-
independent as they can communicate with other
applications through a common language.
 Loose coupling - It facilitates to implement services without
impacting other applications or services.
 Parallel Development - As SOA follows layer-based
architecture, it provides parallel development.
 Available - The SOA services are easily available to any
requester.
 Reliable - As services are small in size, it is easier to test
and debug them.

9. Web services

10. What is Web Service
 It is a client-server application or application component for communication.
 The method of communication between two devices over the network.
 It is a software system for the interoperable machine to machine
communication.
 It is a collection of standards or protocols for exchanging information between
two devices or application.

11. Types of Web Services

12. Web Service Components
 There are three major web service components.
1. SOAP
2. WSDL
3. UDDI

13. SOAP
 SOAP is an acronym for Simple Object Access Protocol.
 SOAP is a XML-based protocol for accessing web services.
 SOAP is a W3C recommendation for communication between applications.
 SOAP is XML based, so it is platform independent and language independent.
In other words, it can be used with Java, .Net or PHP language on any platform.


14. WSDL
 WSDL is an acronym for Web Services Description Language.
 WSDL is a xml document containing information about web services such as
method name, method parameter and how to access it.
 WSDL is a part of UDDI. It acts as a interface between web service
applications.
 WSDL is pronounced as wiz-dull

15. UDDI
 UDDI is a XML based framework for describing, discovering and integrating
web services.
 UDDI is a directory of web service interfaces described by WSDL, containing
information about web services

16. WSDL
 WSDL Documents
 An WSDL document describes a web service. It specifies the location
of the service, and the methods of the service, using these major
elements:
Element Description
<types> Defines the (XML Schema) data types used by the web
service
<message> Defines the data elements for each operation
<portType> Describes the operations that can be performed and the
messages involved.
<binding> Defines the protocol and data format for each port type

17. The main structure of a WSDL
document looks like this:
 <definitions>
<types>
data type definitions........
</types>
<message>
definition of the data being communicated....
</message>
<portType>
set of operations......
</portType>
<binding>
protocol and data format specification....
</binding>
</definitions>

18. WSDL Example
 <message name="getTermRequest">
<part name="term" type="xs:string"/>
</message>
<message name="getTermResponse">
<part name="value" type="xs:string"/>
</message>
<portType name="glossaryTerms">
<operation name="getTerm">
<input message="getTermRequest"/>
<output message="getTermResponse"/>
</operation>
</portType>

19.  In this example the <portType> element defines "glossaryTerms" as
the name of a port, and "getTerm" as the name of an operation.
 The "getTerm" operation has an input message called
"getTermRequest" and an output message called
"getTermResponse".
 The <message> elements define the parts of each message and
the associated data types.
