Static web pages contain fixed content that is delivered directly from the web server to the browser without any processing. They are simpler to create but cannot be dynamically updated. Dynamic web pages have content that can change, usually by interacting with a database or content management system. With dynamic pages, the server processes scripts that query databases and formats the results into HTML before delivering it to the browser. Common scripting languages for dynamic pages include PHP, ASP, JavaScript, and Python. The DOM (Document Object Model) represents an HTML document as a hierarchical tree structure and allows manipulating and changing the page dynamically.