Web (HTTP) request to response life cycle
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The document discusses the web request and response lifecycle from DNS lookup through HTTP methods and status codes. It describes the process of DNS lookup involving the browser, operating system, resolving name server, root name server, top-level domain name server and authoritative name server to resolve a domain name like www.yahoo.com to an IP address. It then explains the stateless HTTP protocol and how it can deliver different types of data, as well as the TCP three-way handshake process for establishing a connection and transmitting data using windows and acknowledgements. The document also briefly mentions HTTP requests, responses, methods including safe and idempotent methods, and status codes.
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Web (HTTP) request to response life cycle
- 1. Web request to response life cycle The session regarding dns lookup, tcp handshake, http request, response, methods, and status codes Gopakumar K - Senior Software Engineer Azmath Mohamad - Engineering Manager
- 2. DNS Lookup - www.yahoo.com The following are included in the dns lookup process Browser Operating system Resolving name server (ISP) Root name server (.) TLD Name server (com) Authoritative name server (yahoo.com)
- 3. Conti... If no cache Request comes in for www.yahoo.com. Root Servers (.) TLD Name Servers(com) Authoritative Name Server (yahoo.com) Resolving name server (ISP) End user PC Web Browser 98.139.183.24 (www.yahoo.com) Cache
- 4. Http Protocol Connectionless Http can deliver any sort of data as long as (images, audio, videos , documents) the two computer are able to read it Stateless HTTP that utilizes TCP to transfer its information between Web servers and clients Wireshark is one of the software to test the protocol request response flow, download url: https://www.wireshark.org/download.html
- 5. TCP Connection establishment(3 way handshake) SYN: Synchronization ACK: Acknowledgement
- 6. Conti..
- 7. Conti.. Flow-control mechanism requiring that source device receive an acknowledgement from the destination TCP uses expectational acknowledgement (Forward acknowledgement) Window size determines the amount of data can transmit at one time before receiving an acknowledgement Larger window sizes increase communication efficiency TCP window sizes are variable during the lifetime of a connection, it “Slides” up and down based on network performance, so it is called sliding window. Sender keeps a record of each data packet that it sends and expects an acknowledgement.
- 9. Http Request
- 10. Http Response
- 11. Http methods
- 12. Conti.. Safe Methods : Certain methods are specified to be safe, which means that executing them will not modify the resource or have other side effects on the overall state of the server. Unsafe methods may cause side effects, such as modifying a resource, sending an email or initiating the processing of a credit card. Idempotent Methods : Some methods are idempotent, meaning that executing identical requests multiple times will have the same effect as executing only one request. For example, DELETE requests are idempotent because once a resource is deleted it can't be deleted again. Conversely, POST requests are not idempotent because a second POST request may send a second email or process the same credit card a second time.By definition, safe methods are also idempotent.
- 14. Conti..
- 15. Questions?