The document summarizes the devastation caused by World War II in Europe and Japan. It discusses how nearly 40 million Europeans died, most major cities were ruined except for a few, and the lack of functioning industry led to widespread famine. It also outlines how some governments returned quickly after the war while others struggled, and how Japan was demilitarized and democratized under U.S. occupation with General MacArthur drafting a new constitution that reduced the emperor to a figurehead.

1. The Devastation of Europe and Japan Ch16s5

2. Europe in Ruins almost 40 million Europeans died - mostly civilians Most great cities ruined (except Paris, Rome, Brussels) bombing destroyed buildings but people stayed to rebuild no factories to work in = no money people fled to other countries, didn’t know where to go No one to harvest or transport crops = famine

3. Postwar Gov’ts and Politics Some gov’ts returned quickly - Belgium, Holland, Denmark, Norway Other countries struggled - Germany, Italy, France Nuremberg Trials - Nazi leaders accused of war crimes 12 of 22 sentenced to death

4. Effects of Defeat in Japan US forces occupy Japan under leadership of Gen. MacArthur Japan is demilitarized - armed forces disbanded Japan is democratized - MacArthur wrote a new Japanese constitution

5. US Occupation Brings Changes Japanese Emperor had to admit he wasn’t a god emperor became figurehead Rulers were now elected, everyone over 20 could vote US to provide military protection for Japan US and Japan became allies

6. Costs of World War II