A grader is a construction machine that uses a long blade to create flat surfaces. Early graders were pulled by animals or engines, but the first self-propelled grader was created in 1920. Graders are now commonly used to prepare surfaces for roads, clear snow, and create tracks on large farms and ranches. They can shape surfaces and add camber to roads using their adjustable blades.
5. construction equipment Building ConstructionHamdija Velagic
ย
The document discusses various types of construction equipment used on building sites, including earthmoving equipment like excavators and bulldozers, construction vehicles like dump trucks and trailers, material handling equipment like cranes and forklifts, and other equipment like concrete mixers and compactors. It provides details on the purpose and function of each type of equipment, with examples of specific models within each category. The goal is to classify the wide variety of machines commonly found on construction sites based on their application and use.
This document provides an overview of various types of construction equipment used in building and civil engineering projects. It begins by classifying equipment into categories such as earthmoving, construction vehicles, and material handling. Under earthmoving equipment, it describes common machines like excavators, loaders, backhoes, bulldozers, and trenchers that are used to dig foundations and shift earth. It also discusses construction vehicles like dumpers, tippers and trailers used to transport materials. Finally, it covers material handling equipment including cranes, conveyors, forklifts and hoists that are used to lift and move heavy loads.
The document discusses various types of construction equipment used in earthmoving and building activities. It describes excavators, loaders, graders, bulldozers, backhoes, dump trucks, tipper trucks, trailers, cranes, conveyor systems, forklifts, hoists, concrete mixers, compactors, plaster sprayers, road rollers, slurry pumps, vibrators, and haulers. The equipment is used for tasks like digging, loading, hauling, lifting, mixing, compacting, spraying, transporting materials, and consolidating concrete.
This document provides an overview of various types of construction machines and equipment used in building construction technology. It describes earthmoving equipment like excavators and bulldozers used to shift earth. It also discusses construction vehicles like dumpers and trailers used to transport materials. Finally, it outlines material handling equipment like cranes, conveyor systems, and forklifts used to move equipment and supplies around construction sites.
This document provides information on various types of construction equipment categorized into earthmoving equipment, construction vehicles, material handling equipment, and general construction equipment. Earthmoving equipment described includes excavators, loaders, skid steer loaders, graders, crawler loaders, backhoes, bulldozers, trenchers, scrapers, and wheeled loading shovels. Construction vehicles include dumpers, tippers, and trailers. Material handling equipment includes cranes, conveyors, forklifts, and hoists. General construction equipment includes tunneling equipment, concrete mixers, compactors, pavers, spraying/plastering machines, road rollers, and slurry/heavy duty pumps.
The document discusses various types of construction equipment used in projects. It begins with an introduction on the importance of proper planning, selection, and use of equipment. It then categorizes equipment and discusses them in detail under categories such as excavating and transporting, compaction, hauling, hoisting, pumping, concrete construction, and asphalt equipment. Specific equipment discussed include tractors, bulldozers, graders, scrapers, power shovels, draglines, clamshells, hoes, loaders, excavators, cranes, rollers, trucks, dump trucks, mixers, pumps, and others.
A grader is a construction machine that uses a long blade to create flat surfaces. Early graders were pulled by animals or engines, but the first self-propelled grader was created in 1920. Graders are now commonly used to prepare surfaces for roads, clear snow, and create tracks on large farms and ranches. They can shape surfaces and add camber to roads using their adjustable blades.
5. construction equipment Building ConstructionHamdija Velagic
ย
The document discusses various types of construction equipment used on building sites, including earthmoving equipment like excavators and bulldozers, construction vehicles like dump trucks and trailers, material handling equipment like cranes and forklifts, and other equipment like concrete mixers and compactors. It provides details on the purpose and function of each type of equipment, with examples of specific models within each category. The goal is to classify the wide variety of machines commonly found on construction sites based on their application and use.
This document provides an overview of various types of construction equipment used in building and civil engineering projects. It begins by classifying equipment into categories such as earthmoving, construction vehicles, and material handling. Under earthmoving equipment, it describes common machines like excavators, loaders, backhoes, bulldozers, and trenchers that are used to dig foundations and shift earth. It also discusses construction vehicles like dumpers, tippers and trailers used to transport materials. Finally, it covers material handling equipment including cranes, conveyors, forklifts and hoists that are used to lift and move heavy loads.
The document discusses various types of construction equipment used in earthmoving and building activities. It describes excavators, loaders, graders, bulldozers, backhoes, dump trucks, tipper trucks, trailers, cranes, conveyor systems, forklifts, hoists, concrete mixers, compactors, plaster sprayers, road rollers, slurry pumps, vibrators, and haulers. The equipment is used for tasks like digging, loading, hauling, lifting, mixing, compacting, spraying, transporting materials, and consolidating concrete.
This document provides an overview of various types of construction machines and equipment used in building construction technology. It describes earthmoving equipment like excavators and bulldozers used to shift earth. It also discusses construction vehicles like dumpers and trailers used to transport materials. Finally, it outlines material handling equipment like cranes, conveyor systems, and forklifts used to move equipment and supplies around construction sites.
This document provides information on various types of construction equipment categorized into earthmoving equipment, construction vehicles, material handling equipment, and general construction equipment. Earthmoving equipment described includes excavators, loaders, skid steer loaders, graders, crawler loaders, backhoes, bulldozers, trenchers, scrapers, and wheeled loading shovels. Construction vehicles include dumpers, tippers, and trailers. Material handling equipment includes cranes, conveyors, forklifts, and hoists. General construction equipment includes tunneling equipment, concrete mixers, compactors, pavers, spraying/plastering machines, road rollers, and slurry/heavy duty pumps.
The document discusses various types of construction equipment used in projects. It begins with an introduction on the importance of proper planning, selection, and use of equipment. It then categorizes equipment and discusses them in detail under categories such as excavating and transporting, compaction, hauling, hoisting, pumping, concrete construction, and asphalt equipment. Specific equipment discussed include tractors, bulldozers, graders, scrapers, power shovels, draglines, clamshells, hoes, loaders, excavators, cranes, rollers, trucks, dump trucks, mixers, pumps, and others.
The document provides information about various types of construction equipment. It discusses earthmoving equipment like power shovels, backhoes, dozers and scrapers that are used for excavation and loading of materials. Hauling equipment like trucks and trailers are used to transport excavated materials. Other equipment mentioned include compactors, cranes, crushers and batching plants used for tasks like compaction, lifting, aggregate production and concrete mixing. The document emphasizes that using the appropriate equipment can improve the economy, quality, speed and timely completion of large construction projects.
This document discusses various types of construction equipment used in civil engineering projects. It categorizes equipment into earth moving equipment, hauling equipment, hoisting equipment, conveying equipment, concrete production equipment, and tunneling equipment. Specific equipment described include power shovels, backhoes, draglines, clamshells, trenchers, scrapers, bulldozers, dump trucks, hoists, conveyor belts, and tunnel boring machines. The document emphasizes that proper use of this specialized equipment can contribute to economy, quality, safety, speed and timely completion of construction projects.
This document discusses various types of modern construction equipment used in projects. It describes earth moving equipment like bulldozers, trenchers, draglines and their functions. It also covers hoisting equipment like cranes and dredging equipment like backhoe dredgers and cutter suction dredgers. Finally, it discusses concrete equipment like ready mix concrete machines and boom concrete pumps used to efficiently transport concrete on large job sites.
PREPARED OF ENG: ADEL OMAR SAEED
Introduction to earthworks machineries
Civil engineering is one of the ancient careers in the history and constructions technologies have been always one of the criterions of any civilization evolution . Due to the development in our constructions humans needed an advanced tools to make thier jobs easier and more sufficient . nowadays machines do the most of the work in the construction field starting with moving objects till mixing concrete and mobiles such as tractors, dumb truck, front loaders and cranes are the most important type of machines that we can't do any construction without using it
nowadays machines do the most of the work in the construction field starting with moving objects till mixing concrete and mobiles such as tractors, dumb truck,front loaders and cranes are the most important type of machines that we can't do any construction without using it
Civil engineering is one of the ancient careers in history of construction; technologies have always been one of the criterions of any civilization evolution . Due to the development in our constructions, humans needed an advanced tools to make their jobs easier and more sufficient.nowadays machines do the most of the work in the construction field starting with moving objects till mixing concrete and mobiles such as tractors, dumb truck,front loaders and cranes are the most important type of machines that we can't do any construction without using it .
nowadays machines do the most of the work in the construction field starting with moving objects till mixing concrete and mobiles such as tractors, dumb truck,front loaders and cranes are the most important type of machines that we can't do any construction without using it
Civil engineering is one of the ancient careers in history of construction; technologies have always been one of the criterions of any civilization evolution . Due to the development in our constructions, humans needed an advanced tools to make their jobs easier and more sufficient.nowadays machines do the most of the work in the construction field starting with moving objects till mixing concrete and mobiles such as tractors, dumb truck,front loaders and cranes are the most important type of machines that we can't do any construction without using it .
nowadays machines do the most of the work in the construction field starting with moving objects till mixing concrete and mobiles such as tractors, dumb truck,front loaders and cranes are the most important type of machines that we can't do any construction without using it
Civil engineering is one of the ancient careers in history of construction; technologies have always been one of the criterions of any civilization evolution . Due to the development in our constructions, humans needed an advanced tools to make their jobs easier and more sufficient.nowadays machines do the most of the work in the construction field starting with moving objects till mixing concrete an
1. Dumpers and dump trucks are vehicles used to transport bulk materials. Dumpers have the load skip in front of the driver that tips to dump the load, while dump trucks have the cab in front of the load.
2. Modern dumpers can carry payloads of up to 10 tons and usually steer by articulating in the middle. They are powered by diesel engines and use hydraulics for tipping, steering, and body lifting. Larger dump trucks ranging from 10-400 tons are used for construction and mining to transport materials over long distances.
3. There are different types of dump trucks including rear dump, bottom dump, articulated, and tipper trucks which are suited to different haul
This document provides an overview of various types of earth moving and hoisting equipment, including cranes, tractors, scrapers, draglines, and clam-shell buckets. It describes the main components and uses of stationary and mobile cranes, tower cranes, overhead cranes, tractors, scrapers, draglines, and clam-shell buckets. The document explains that cranes can provide three-dimensional movement of weights and are used for heavy lifting in construction. Tractors are used to pull and push other equipment. Scrapers are self-operating machines for digging and long-distance hauling. Draglines and clam-shell buckets are suitable for excavating softer materials below track level.
This document discusses trucks and hauling equipment used in construction. It describes how trucks provide relatively low-cost hauling due to their high travel speeds and flexibility. Trucks can operate on haul roads as long as the surface and grades allow. Larger off-highway trucks are used for hauling on large construction sites. Trucks are classified based on dumping method, engine/fuel type, drive type, wheels/axles, material hauled, and capacity. Rigid frame and articulated rear-dump trucks are commonly used and their advantages and limitations are outlined. Productivity is affected by truck size, with trade-offs between small and large trucks. Safety practices for truck operations are also highlighted.
This document describes a multi-directional dumping system for dump trucks. It aims to allow dumping in three directions - forward, backward, and sides - which provides more flexibility than standard dump trucks. The system uses hydraulic cylinders, hinge joints, gears, and locking mechanisms to tip the dump body in different directions. This can help reduce time and effort during construction work by allowing dumping in tight spaces where standard trucks cannot maneuver. While increasing flexibility, this multi-directional system also increases maintenance needs and costs compared to traditional dump trucks.
This document discusses various types of earthmoving equipment used in construction projects including their uses and basic parts. It describes excavating equipment like power shovels, backhoes, draglines, clam shells, and trenchers. It also covers earthmoving equipment like scrapers, bulldozers, dumpers, graders, and loaders. For each type of equipment, it provides details on their applications and functions in excavating, transporting, and grading earth.
A compactor is a machine that reduces the size of materials like waste or soil through compaction. There are different types of compactors for different uses like landfills, waste collection vehicles, construction sites, and scrap metal processing. The main types used in construction are plate compactors, jumping jack compactors, and roller compactors. The appropriate compactor and compaction time depends on factors like the terrain and soil type. Compactors are manufactured by companies like Volvo, JCB, Komatsu, and are used for tasks like road building, dam construction, and mining.
Hareket completed the horizontal movement of a 5000 ton steel structure for the Gare de Mons train station in Belgium. The project involved moving the structure 26.6 meters in 7 phases over active train lines using jacks and temporary towers. Hareket is also undertaking several wind power plant projects in Turkey, including transporting and installing wind turbine equipment for the Esenkรถy, Kurekdagi, Amasya, Merzifon, and Datรงa projects using specialized trailers and cranes. Additionally, Hareket has performed transformer and platform transports for other industrial projects.
This document provides an overview of mechanized construction and various types of construction equipment. It discusses the phases and benefits of mechanization for construction projects. Various earthmoving equipment are described in detail, including excavators, loaders, graders, backhoes, bulldozers, trenchers, scrapers, shovels, and draglines. Their uses, applications, and selection criteria for different project needs are explained. The document serves as a reference for understanding fundamental mechanical concepts and commonly used equipment in mechanized construction.
Dumpers are trucks used to transport loose materials like sand and gravel. There are several types including standard dump trucks, side dump trucks, articulated dump trucks, and transfer dump trucks. Concrete mixers come in continuous and batch varieties and are used to mix cement, aggregate, and water. Batch mixers include drum mixers, pan mixers, and transit mixers, which transport mixed concrete to construction sites.
Three Axis Pneumatic Modern Trailer By Using Single Cylinderpaperpublications3
ย
Abstract: This project work titled โTHREE AXIS PNEUMATIC MODERN TRAILERโ has been conceived having studied the difficulty in unloading the materials. Our survey in the regard in several automobile garages, revealed the facts that mostly some difficult methods were adopted in unloading the materials from the trailer. The trailer will unload the material in only one single direction. It is difficult to unload the materials in small compact streets and small roads. In our project these are rectified to unload the trailer in all three sides very easily. Now the project has mainly concentrated on this difficulty, and hence a suitable arrangement has been designed. Such that the vehicles can be unloaded from the trailer in three axes without application of any impact force. By pressing the Direction control valve activated. The compressed air is goes to the pneumatic cylinder through valve. The ram of the pneumatic cylinder acts as a lifting the trailer cabin. The automobile engine drive is coupled to the compressor engine, so that it stores the compressed air when the vehicle running. This compressed air is used to activate the pneumatic cylinder, when the valve is activated.
The document discusses wheel loaders, which are heavy equipment machines used in construction to move and load materials. It defines a wheel loader as a self-propelled machine used to push, lift, and load earth, sand, snow, and other heavy materials. Wheel loaders come in various sizes and are versatile, being used in construction, mining, forestry, and other industries. The document describes the basic functions of wheel loaders, including using a front-mounted bucket that is raised and lowered by a lift-arm assembly to load loose materials. It provides examples of medium and large wheel loader specifications and discusses their advantages of being simple to use with high loading efficiency, and disadvantages like weaker digging capacity compared to excavators.
A loader is a type of heavy equipment machine used in construction to load materials into trucks or other machinery. It has a front-mounted bucket connected to two booms to scoop and transport loose materials without pushing them. Loaders come in different sizes and are also used to move building materials over short distances on construction sites. They are not as efficient as backhoes for deep digging. The document then discusses various types of loaders like wheeled, tracked, skid-steer, and backhoe loaders as well as their specifications and safety features.
Dart Underground, Dublin - Light Rail Network in TunnelsDavid H Moloney
ย
The Dart Underground is a proposed underground rail system that will run under the city centre, and connect Heuston Station with Pearse Station a distance of 4 kilometres. At the proposed St Stephenโs Green interconnection Station, on the route, passengers will be able to transfer to the Metro North and go to the Airport.
This document discusses different types of hauling equipment used in construction. It begins by listing various types of construction equipment and then focuses on haulers. Haulers are classified based on their dumping method into dump trucks and dumpers. Dump trucks are further divided into side or rear dump trucks and bottom dump trucks. Side or rear dump trucks dump material from the rear or side of the truck body. Bottom dump trucks have longitudinal gates at the bottom to discharge material. Selection of dump trucks depends on the soil condition and material hauled. High speed pneumatic wheeled trucks are also discussed for short hauls on rough roads.
In this pdf one can get the different types of equipment used in surface mines which is very important from the examination point of view. important regulations are also included in this .
This document summarizes various types of earth moving equipment, including scrapers, bull dozers, tractors, graders, and rippers. Scrapers are self-operating machines that dig and transport plowable materials over long distances using a bowl, apron, and tailgate. Bull dozers have a heavy blade attached to tractors and are classified based on blade position, mountings, and controls. They are used to spread earth, clear land, and maintain haul roads. Tractors are multi-purpose machines for pulling/pushing other equipment and are classified as crawler or wheel types.
The document summarizes a local groups conference about a Wey Valley Solar Schools Energy Co-operative. It discusses that co-op members invested nearly ยฃ625,000 to install solar arrays on 6 schools generating over 143,700 kWh of electricity. The co-op provides schools with 50% free electricity from the solar panels and educational benefits while also providing a 5% annual return to investors. It describes community fundraising events that supported investing in the co-op and solar arrays installed on council housing.
This document discusses various types of earth moving equipment used in construction projects. It describes excavation equipment like power shovels, backhoes, draglines, and clamshell buckets used to excavate earth and load trucks. It also covers excavating and earth moving equipment like scrapers and bulldozers used to dig and transport materials over long distances. Finally, it summarizes earth compacting equipment like smooth drum rollers, sheepfoot rollers, and pneumatic tyred rollers used to compact excavated earth in embankments and prepare surfaces for construction.
The document provides information about various types of construction equipment. It discusses earthmoving equipment like power shovels, backhoes, dozers and scrapers that are used for excavation and loading of materials. Hauling equipment like trucks and trailers are used to transport excavated materials. Other equipment mentioned include compactors, cranes, crushers and batching plants used for tasks like compaction, lifting, aggregate production and concrete mixing. The document emphasizes that using the appropriate equipment can improve the economy, quality, speed and timely completion of large construction projects.
This document discusses various types of construction equipment used in civil engineering projects. It categorizes equipment into earth moving equipment, hauling equipment, hoisting equipment, conveying equipment, concrete production equipment, and tunneling equipment. Specific equipment described include power shovels, backhoes, draglines, clamshells, trenchers, scrapers, bulldozers, dump trucks, hoists, conveyor belts, and tunnel boring machines. The document emphasizes that proper use of this specialized equipment can contribute to economy, quality, safety, speed and timely completion of construction projects.
This document discusses various types of modern construction equipment used in projects. It describes earth moving equipment like bulldozers, trenchers, draglines and their functions. It also covers hoisting equipment like cranes and dredging equipment like backhoe dredgers and cutter suction dredgers. Finally, it discusses concrete equipment like ready mix concrete machines and boom concrete pumps used to efficiently transport concrete on large job sites.
PREPARED OF ENG: ADEL OMAR SAEED
Introduction to earthworks machineries
Civil engineering is one of the ancient careers in the history and constructions technologies have been always one of the criterions of any civilization evolution . Due to the development in our constructions humans needed an advanced tools to make thier jobs easier and more sufficient . nowadays machines do the most of the work in the construction field starting with moving objects till mixing concrete and mobiles such as tractors, dumb truck, front loaders and cranes are the most important type of machines that we can't do any construction without using it
nowadays machines do the most of the work in the construction field starting with moving objects till mixing concrete and mobiles such as tractors, dumb truck,front loaders and cranes are the most important type of machines that we can't do any construction without using it
Civil engineering is one of the ancient careers in history of construction; technologies have always been one of the criterions of any civilization evolution . Due to the development in our constructions, humans needed an advanced tools to make their jobs easier and more sufficient.nowadays machines do the most of the work in the construction field starting with moving objects till mixing concrete and mobiles such as tractors, dumb truck,front loaders and cranes are the most important type of machines that we can't do any construction without using it .
nowadays machines do the most of the work in the construction field starting with moving objects till mixing concrete and mobiles such as tractors, dumb truck,front loaders and cranes are the most important type of machines that we can't do any construction without using it
Civil engineering is one of the ancient careers in history of construction; technologies have always been one of the criterions of any civilization evolution . Due to the development in our constructions, humans needed an advanced tools to make their jobs easier and more sufficient.nowadays machines do the most of the work in the construction field starting with moving objects till mixing concrete and mobiles such as tractors, dumb truck,front loaders and cranes are the most important type of machines that we can't do any construction without using it .
nowadays machines do the most of the work in the construction field starting with moving objects till mixing concrete and mobiles such as tractors, dumb truck,front loaders and cranes are the most important type of machines that we can't do any construction without using it
Civil engineering is one of the ancient careers in history of construction; technologies have always been one of the criterions of any civilization evolution . Due to the development in our constructions, humans needed an advanced tools to make their jobs easier and more sufficient.nowadays machines do the most of the work in the construction field starting with moving objects till mixing concrete an
1. Dumpers and dump trucks are vehicles used to transport bulk materials. Dumpers have the load skip in front of the driver that tips to dump the load, while dump trucks have the cab in front of the load.
2. Modern dumpers can carry payloads of up to 10 tons and usually steer by articulating in the middle. They are powered by diesel engines and use hydraulics for tipping, steering, and body lifting. Larger dump trucks ranging from 10-400 tons are used for construction and mining to transport materials over long distances.
3. There are different types of dump trucks including rear dump, bottom dump, articulated, and tipper trucks which are suited to different haul
This document provides an overview of various types of earth moving and hoisting equipment, including cranes, tractors, scrapers, draglines, and clam-shell buckets. It describes the main components and uses of stationary and mobile cranes, tower cranes, overhead cranes, tractors, scrapers, draglines, and clam-shell buckets. The document explains that cranes can provide three-dimensional movement of weights and are used for heavy lifting in construction. Tractors are used to pull and push other equipment. Scrapers are self-operating machines for digging and long-distance hauling. Draglines and clam-shell buckets are suitable for excavating softer materials below track level.
This document discusses trucks and hauling equipment used in construction. It describes how trucks provide relatively low-cost hauling due to their high travel speeds and flexibility. Trucks can operate on haul roads as long as the surface and grades allow. Larger off-highway trucks are used for hauling on large construction sites. Trucks are classified based on dumping method, engine/fuel type, drive type, wheels/axles, material hauled, and capacity. Rigid frame and articulated rear-dump trucks are commonly used and their advantages and limitations are outlined. Productivity is affected by truck size, with trade-offs between small and large trucks. Safety practices for truck operations are also highlighted.
This document describes a multi-directional dumping system for dump trucks. It aims to allow dumping in three directions - forward, backward, and sides - which provides more flexibility than standard dump trucks. The system uses hydraulic cylinders, hinge joints, gears, and locking mechanisms to tip the dump body in different directions. This can help reduce time and effort during construction work by allowing dumping in tight spaces where standard trucks cannot maneuver. While increasing flexibility, this multi-directional system also increases maintenance needs and costs compared to traditional dump trucks.
This document discusses various types of earthmoving equipment used in construction projects including their uses and basic parts. It describes excavating equipment like power shovels, backhoes, draglines, clam shells, and trenchers. It also covers earthmoving equipment like scrapers, bulldozers, dumpers, graders, and loaders. For each type of equipment, it provides details on their applications and functions in excavating, transporting, and grading earth.
A compactor is a machine that reduces the size of materials like waste or soil through compaction. There are different types of compactors for different uses like landfills, waste collection vehicles, construction sites, and scrap metal processing. The main types used in construction are plate compactors, jumping jack compactors, and roller compactors. The appropriate compactor and compaction time depends on factors like the terrain and soil type. Compactors are manufactured by companies like Volvo, JCB, Komatsu, and are used for tasks like road building, dam construction, and mining.
Hareket completed the horizontal movement of a 5000 ton steel structure for the Gare de Mons train station in Belgium. The project involved moving the structure 26.6 meters in 7 phases over active train lines using jacks and temporary towers. Hareket is also undertaking several wind power plant projects in Turkey, including transporting and installing wind turbine equipment for the Esenkรถy, Kurekdagi, Amasya, Merzifon, and Datรงa projects using specialized trailers and cranes. Additionally, Hareket has performed transformer and platform transports for other industrial projects.
This document provides an overview of mechanized construction and various types of construction equipment. It discusses the phases and benefits of mechanization for construction projects. Various earthmoving equipment are described in detail, including excavators, loaders, graders, backhoes, bulldozers, trenchers, scrapers, shovels, and draglines. Their uses, applications, and selection criteria for different project needs are explained. The document serves as a reference for understanding fundamental mechanical concepts and commonly used equipment in mechanized construction.
Dumpers are trucks used to transport loose materials like sand and gravel. There are several types including standard dump trucks, side dump trucks, articulated dump trucks, and transfer dump trucks. Concrete mixers come in continuous and batch varieties and are used to mix cement, aggregate, and water. Batch mixers include drum mixers, pan mixers, and transit mixers, which transport mixed concrete to construction sites.
Three Axis Pneumatic Modern Trailer By Using Single Cylinderpaperpublications3
ย
Abstract: This project work titled โTHREE AXIS PNEUMATIC MODERN TRAILERโ has been conceived having studied the difficulty in unloading the materials. Our survey in the regard in several automobile garages, revealed the facts that mostly some difficult methods were adopted in unloading the materials from the trailer. The trailer will unload the material in only one single direction. It is difficult to unload the materials in small compact streets and small roads. In our project these are rectified to unload the trailer in all three sides very easily. Now the project has mainly concentrated on this difficulty, and hence a suitable arrangement has been designed. Such that the vehicles can be unloaded from the trailer in three axes without application of any impact force. By pressing the Direction control valve activated. The compressed air is goes to the pneumatic cylinder through valve. The ram of the pneumatic cylinder acts as a lifting the trailer cabin. The automobile engine drive is coupled to the compressor engine, so that it stores the compressed air when the vehicle running. This compressed air is used to activate the pneumatic cylinder, when the valve is activated.
The document discusses wheel loaders, which are heavy equipment machines used in construction to move and load materials. It defines a wheel loader as a self-propelled machine used to push, lift, and load earth, sand, snow, and other heavy materials. Wheel loaders come in various sizes and are versatile, being used in construction, mining, forestry, and other industries. The document describes the basic functions of wheel loaders, including using a front-mounted bucket that is raised and lowered by a lift-arm assembly to load loose materials. It provides examples of medium and large wheel loader specifications and discusses their advantages of being simple to use with high loading efficiency, and disadvantages like weaker digging capacity compared to excavators.
A loader is a type of heavy equipment machine used in construction to load materials into trucks or other machinery. It has a front-mounted bucket connected to two booms to scoop and transport loose materials without pushing them. Loaders come in different sizes and are also used to move building materials over short distances on construction sites. They are not as efficient as backhoes for deep digging. The document then discusses various types of loaders like wheeled, tracked, skid-steer, and backhoe loaders as well as their specifications and safety features.
Dart Underground, Dublin - Light Rail Network in TunnelsDavid H Moloney
ย
The Dart Underground is a proposed underground rail system that will run under the city centre, and connect Heuston Station with Pearse Station a distance of 4 kilometres. At the proposed St Stephenโs Green interconnection Station, on the route, passengers will be able to transfer to the Metro North and go to the Airport.
This document discusses different types of hauling equipment used in construction. It begins by listing various types of construction equipment and then focuses on haulers. Haulers are classified based on their dumping method into dump trucks and dumpers. Dump trucks are further divided into side or rear dump trucks and bottom dump trucks. Side or rear dump trucks dump material from the rear or side of the truck body. Bottom dump trucks have longitudinal gates at the bottom to discharge material. Selection of dump trucks depends on the soil condition and material hauled. High speed pneumatic wheeled trucks are also discussed for short hauls on rough roads.
In this pdf one can get the different types of equipment used in surface mines which is very important from the examination point of view. important regulations are also included in this .
This document summarizes various types of earth moving equipment, including scrapers, bull dozers, tractors, graders, and rippers. Scrapers are self-operating machines that dig and transport plowable materials over long distances using a bowl, apron, and tailgate. Bull dozers have a heavy blade attached to tractors and are classified based on blade position, mountings, and controls. They are used to spread earth, clear land, and maintain haul roads. Tractors are multi-purpose machines for pulling/pushing other equipment and are classified as crawler or wheel types.
The document summarizes a local groups conference about a Wey Valley Solar Schools Energy Co-operative. It discusses that co-op members invested nearly ยฃ625,000 to install solar arrays on 6 schools generating over 143,700 kWh of electricity. The co-op provides schools with 50% free electricity from the solar panels and educational benefits while also providing a 5% annual return to investors. It describes community fundraising events that supported investing in the co-op and solar arrays installed on council housing.
This document discusses various types of earth moving equipment used in construction projects. It describes excavation equipment like power shovels, backhoes, draglines, and clamshell buckets used to excavate earth and load trucks. It also covers excavating and earth moving equipment like scrapers and bulldozers used to dig and transport materials over long distances. Finally, it summarizes earth compacting equipment like smooth drum rollers, sheepfoot rollers, and pneumatic tyred rollers used to compact excavated earth in embankments and prepare surfaces for construction.
This document provides an overview of various types of construction equipment, including their classification and uses. It discusses earth moving equipment such as power shovels, backhoes, draglines, and clam shells. Factors affecting the selection of different earth moving equipment are outlined. Other equipment covered include motor graders, scrapers, bull dozers, tractors, rollers, pile driving equipment, and their applications in construction projects. Diagrams and pictures are included to illustrate the components and operation of the major earth moving machinery.
Bureau Veritas is a global leader in testing, inspection, and certification services established in 1828. It has over 52,000 employees working across more than 940 offices and 340 laboratories in 140 countries. The company provides quality, health, safety, and social responsibility services to over 400,000 clients ranging from individual consumers to large corporations. Bureau Veritas has experienced steady revenue and profit growth over the past decades as it has expanded its portfolio and global footprint.
Piling work method statement cm- ms- bw - 002Minh Bui Si
ย
This document provides a method statement for pile driving works for buildings at the Cai Mep International Container Terminal project in Vietnam. It outlines the scope of work, which includes supplying and driving precast concrete piles (PHC piles) and solid concrete piles. The document describes the equipment and labor to be used, including pile hammers, cranes, and a workforce of 33 people. It also provides details on pile fabrication, transportation, storage, driving procedures, quality control checks, safety measures, and appendices with supporting documents.
Urmilla Enterprises provides infrastructure engineering solutions including equipment rental, piling and foundation works, road construction, and equipment dealership and service. It has a large fleet of modern infrastructure equipment from top brands. It has extensive experience in projects for airports, roads, power plants, and real estate. It aims to be a one-stop solution for all infrastructure needs.
This document discusses various types of earth moving equipment used in construction projects. It describes power shovels, backhoes, bulldozers, scrapers, dumpers, graders, and trenchers. For each type of equipment, it provides details on their uses, basic parts, and applications in construction activities like excavating earth, digging trenches, clearing and grading sites, and hauling materials. Earth moving equipment are crucial modern tools that facilitate excavation, transportation, and placement of materials in infrastructure and building projects.
The document is a site visit report for a construction site building 96 terrace houses and related infrastructure. It includes an introduction to the site visit, objectives of the visit, observations of the site and construction processes, and photos from the visit. Specifically, it describes the pad footing foundation system being used, including excavating the ground, laying a lean concrete base, forming and reinforcing the pad, and pouring the concrete. The report concludes the visit provided valuable first-hand learning about construction site safety, materials, techniques and the pad footing construction process.
This document provides an overview of various types of construction equipment used in large construction projects. It discusses earthmoving equipment like power shovels, backhoes, draglines, clamshells and scrapers that are used for excavation and hauling. It also describes hauling equipment like dump trucks and dumpers. Further, it covers hoisting equipment such as cranes and conveying equipment used to transport materials. The document provides details on the working, applications and comparisons of different equipment types used widely in construction activities.
Heavy machinery used in construction projects are described, including their functions and components. Earthmoving machinery discussed include wheel loaders, graders, bulldozers, backhoes, and excavators. Their uses in tasks like digging, loading, and land grading are explained. Other machinery covered are forklifts, road rollers, concrete mixers, dump trucks, cranes, vibrators, pumps, power trowels, and shotcrete equipment. Diagrams or pictures illustrate many of the machines.
This document discusses power shovels, which are large excavating machines that dig earth and load it into trucks. It describes the key parts of a power shovel including the bucket, boom, and housing. Power shovels can be either wheel-mounted or crawler-mounted depending on how they are designed to move. Factors that influence the output of a power shovel include the material being excavated, depth of cut, angle of swing, management conditions, size of hauling units, and operator skill. Power shovels are suitable for excavating softer materials and can remove large boulders. Their typical uses include digging in gravel pits, roadworks, and removing overburden.
Advance Construction equipment's reports ssuser061280
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The document discusses various types of equipment used in construction projects. It describes earth-moving equipment such as excavators, backhoes, front shovels, draglines, clamshell buckets, and bulldozers. Excavators are used for digging trenches, holes and foundations. Backhoes are commonly used to dig holes and trenches. Front shovels are mounted on tracks and used for digging and loading earth or rock. Draglines excavate soft earth below ground level, while clamshell buckets lift material vertically. Bulldozers push large quantities of soil and rubble. The document provides details on the uses and applications of these important pieces of heavy construction equipment.
The document discusses construction site safety and the machinery used at a construction site for a low to mid-rise building project. Various safety equipment are required for all workers, including helmets, high visibility jackets, safety shoes, and other protective gear depending on the job. Scaffolding and safety nets are used and emergency equipment like fire extinguishers and first aid kits are available. Mobile cranes are used to lift materials due to the smaller size of the buildings. Other machinery discussed include excavators, piling rigs, steamrollers, concrete mixer trucks, and backhoe loaders, which are used during different construction stages.
An architecture design process typically involves conceptual, design, and construction stages. This document discusses construction elements and technology used in a construction site for low to medium rise buildings. It provides details on the types of semi-detached houses being built, safety procedures and equipment, machinery used at different stages, and foundation types. Foundations include shallow foundations, deep foundations, and pile foundations, with the deep pile foundation process explained.
The document discusses types of construction equipment and their uses. It begins by stating that a wide variety of construction machines are found on construction sites and make jobs easier, safer, and quicker. It then classifies construction machines into three main categories: earthwork equipment, hoisting equipment, and concreting equipment. Under earthwork equipment, several types are described in detail, including excavators, loaders, backhoes, bulldozers, graders, and trenchers. Excavators are used for digging foundations and trenches, material handling, demolition, and more. [END SUMMARY]
This document provides an overview of equipment used for road construction, including: hydraulic excavators for digging and material handling; motor graders for creating smooth, flat surfaces; wheel loaders for loading and material handling; rollers and compactors for compacting soil and materials; and asphalt pavers for laying new asphalt surfaces. The document also defines what a road is and distinguishes between roads and streets. It emphasizes choosing the right equipment for each job in road construction to maximize productivity and efficiency.
This document discusses various types of heavy construction equipment used in earthmoving and building activities. It describes excavators, loaders, graders, bulldozers, backhoes, scrapers, cranes, concrete mixers, compactors, pumps, and rollers. These machines are used for tasks like digging, hauling materials, grading land, compacting soil and concrete, and transporting materials like concrete on construction sites.
Chapter-1 Introduction to Construction Equipments (1).pptxMubarekTeshome1
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This document provides an introduction and overview of construction equipment and earthwork equipment. It begins with defining construction equipment and classifying it into productive and support equipment. It then discusses earthwork equipment in more detail, including excavators, loaders, dozers, scrapers, and others. It also covers topics like soil characteristics, excavation types, the crane shovel family including face shovels and draglines, and how equipment selection depends on the type of construction project.
Excavators, dump trucks, bulldozers, and other heavy construction equipment are described. Excavators come in various types including compact excavators, crawler excavators, wheeled excavators, backhoe loaders, and long reach excavators. Dump trucks also come in different varieties such as standard dump trucks, articulated dump trucks, transfer dump trucks, and bottom dump semi-trailer trucks. Bulldozers are used for pushing earth and rocks with a mounted blade. Various models of excavators, dump trucks, and bulldozers are discussed along with their applications in construction.
Earthmoving equipment - crawler loader.
What are crawler loaders, history, manufacturing, advantages, and the difference between a wheel and track loader.
This presentation discusses various types of construction equipment used in building projects. It introduces earthmoving equipment, hauling equipment, hoisting equipment, conveying equipment, and aggregate and concrete production equipment. Earthmoving equipment discussed includes power shovels, backhoes, draglines, clamshell buckets, scrapers, bulldozers, tractors, and trenching machines. Hauling equipment includes dump trucks, bottom dump trucks, and dumpers. Hoisting equipment focuses on cranes like stationary derrick cranes and mobile cranes. The final sections cover factors affecting power shovel output and compare different earthmoving equipment.
5. construction equipment Building ConstructionHamdija Velagic
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The document discusses various types of construction equipment used on building sites, including earthmoving equipment like excavators and bulldozers, construction vehicles like dump trucks and trailers, material handling equipment like cranes and forklifts, and other equipment like concrete mixers and compactors. It provides details on the purpose and function of each type of equipment, with examples of specific models within each category. The goal is to classify the wide variety of machines commonly found on construction sites based on their application and use.
The document provides an overview of various types of construction equipment used in projects. It classifies equipment into 8 categories including earth-moving, hauling, hoisting, conveying, aggregate production, pile-driving, tunneling and dewatering equipment. Key earth-moving equipment discussed include power shovels, backhoes, draglines, clam shells, scrapers and bull dozers. Their applications, parts and differences are summarized. Trenching machines are used for excavating trenches. The document compares characteristics of crawler and wheeled tractors. Overall, the document introduces common construction equipment used in operations like excavation, material movement and compaction.
A bulldozer is a heavy construction vehicle equipped with a blade used to push large quantities of material. It can be found on construction sites, mines, and farms. There are two main types - crawler dozers, which have continuous tracks, and wheel dozers. Bulldozers are used for earthmoving tasks like road building, clearing land, and infrastructure projects. They can also be equipped with a ripper attachment to loosen compacted materials. The document then describes different terrains a bulldozer may operate on and provides details on small, medium, and large dozer specifications, purposes, safety procedures, and potential accidents.
This document discusses various types of construction machinery classified into four main groups: earthmoving equipment, construction vehicles, material handling equipment, and construction equipment. Earthmoving equipment discussed includes excavators, loaders, graders, backhoes, bulldozers, trenchers, and scrapers. Construction vehicles include dumpers, tippers, and trailers. Material handling equipment includes cranes, conveyors, forklifts, and hoists. Construction equipment includes tunneling machines, concrete mixers, compactors, pavers, spraying machines, road rollers, and stone crushers.
Dragline excavators are large machinery used in surface mining and excavation that use a large bucket suspended from a boom. The bucket is moved using chains and ropes to excavate material. John W. Page invented the dragline in 1904 for canal digging. Modern draglines are among the largest mobile equipment, weighing over 10,000 tons. They are used in strip mining to remove overburden and extract coal. Technological advances include automation and the Universal-Dig-Dump system. Heavy Engineering Corporation in India was the first in the country to manufacture a walking dragline.
This document provides definitions and classifications of various construction machines. It discusses machines used for underground works like pile drivers, bored piling machines, and earthmoving equipment. Construction vehicles and material handling equipment are also classified, including tip trucks, trailers, hoists, cranes, concrete mixers, pumps, and compactors. Specific machines are defined, such as backhoes, draglines, tower cranes, concrete transport trucks, needle vibrators, and plate compactors. The document aims to define and categorize different types of machinery commonly used in construction projects.
The document categorizes and describes various types of construction equipment. It divides equipment into four main groups: (1) earthmoving equipment like excavators and loaders used for digging and material handling; (2) construction vehicles like dumpers and trailers used for transportation; (3) material handling equipment like cranes, conveyors, and forklifts used to move materials; and (4) other construction equipment like tunneling machines, concrete mixers, and pavers used for specific tasks. Within each group, the document provides examples and brief descriptions of common piece of equipment.
Similar to Vol 1. Major Construction Equipment . Pictorial (20)
This document discusses International Commercial Terms (Incoterms) which define responsibilities of buyers and sellers in international trade. It provides an overview of Incoterms including their origin in 1936 and recent revisions. The purpose of Incoterms is to clarify delivery obligations, costs, and risks assumed by buyers and sellers. It describes 11 Incoterms grouped by transportation mode and responsibilities allocated to buyers and sellers.
This document contains a resume for Divyanshu P. Dayal, who has 17 years of experience in supply chain management, procurement, and commercial functions for mining, engineering, procurement, and construction projects. He is seeking a new position and provides details on his educational background, skills, work experience managing procurement and contracts for various companies in India and Vietnam, and achievements in cost savings and establishing standards and training programs.
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This document summarizes a report on methods for calculating the variable costs of operating personal vehicles and trucks. It develops baseline per-mile costs for different vehicle types based on current data, and provides adjustment factors to account for factors like driving conditions, pavement quality, and future cost changes. For personal vehicles, it estimates a baseline cost of 17.1 cents per mile based on Minnesota's vehicle fleet. For trucks, the baseline is 43.4 cents per mile. Adjustment factors are provided to account for issues like city driving versus highway driving. The report aims to provide a flexible yet easy-to-use tool for estimating operating costs in transportation project evaluation and planning.
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The document discusses the importance of effective communication in the workplace and relationships. It notes that communication is key to building trust and understanding between colleagues and resolving conflicts in a constructive manner. Regular feedback and addressing issues promptly can help foster a more positive and productive environment.
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The document discusses the benefits of exercise for both physical and mental health. Regular exercise can improve cardiovascular health, reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety, enhance mood, and boost brain health. Staying physically active helps fight diseases, increases cognitive function, and promotes better sleep.
Development of Consulting Rate Structures and ContractsDivyanshu Dayal
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This document provides guidance on establishing consulting fees and developing consulting contracts. It discusses several methods for determining fees, including hourly rates, fixed fees, percentage of project cost, and cost reimbursable plus overhead. It emphasizes the importance of clearly defining the scope of work and terms of payment in a written contract. The document also addresses other considerations like scope changes, copyright, and managing risk through limiting liability and errors and omissions insurance. Its goal is to help consultants and clients structure agreements that fairly compensate for services while managing risks and obligations.
This document provides biographies of students in the Purchasing Management master's program at Chalmers University of Technology in Sweden. It describes the educational backgrounds and career plans of 16 students in the program. The program focuses on exploring state-of-the-art purchasing practices. The students come from various engineering and business backgrounds and several countries. Upon graduating, they aim to work in supply chain management, purchasing, logistics and related fields in international industrial companies.
International Classification for Standards (Material Classification and Codif...Divyanshu Dayal
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This document provides an introduction to the International Classification for Standards (ICS). The ICS is a hierarchical classification system intended to classify international, regional and national standards. It consists of three levels - fields, groups, and subgroups. There are 40 fields that standards can be classified under. Fields are divided into 392 groups, and 144 groups are further divided into 909 subgroups. The ICS provides rules for how to appropriately classify standards based on their subject matter using this hierarchical system. It also provides an index and systematic table to help identify the correct classification.
Business Guide on Indonesia by Embassy of Indian in Jakarta (2007)Divyanshu Dayal
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Indonesia is a key economic partner for India in Southeast Asia. Bilateral trade and economic relations are guided by agreements signed in 1978 and 1999. A Joint Commission Meeting in 2003 established an expert group to enhance cooperation. Major Indonesian business groups like KADIN have initiated India committees to promote business ties. Total bilateral trade has grown significantly in recent years, reaching $6.55 billion in 2007, with Indonesia as India's second largest export market in ASEAN. Both countries are working to further diversify and strengthen economic linkages.
Coal provides over 29% of global primary energy and generates 41% of the world's electricity. Global coal production reached a record high of 7,830 million tonnes in 2012, with China as the top producer at 3,549 million tonnes. According to estimates, proven global coal reserves would last between 109-132 years at the 2012 production rate. China, the United States, India, Indonesia, and Australia are the top five coal producers.
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Herbert Smith Freehills October, 2012
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Price Adjustment in Long Term Coal Contracts- MIT (1987)Divyanshu Dayal
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This document analyzes price adjustment mechanisms in long-term coal supply contracts between electric utilities and coal suppliers. It discusses alternative pricing approaches and examines the structure of pricing provisions in actual contracts. The vast majority of contracts use a base price plus escalation formula. The analysis finds that contracts generally allow prices to adjust to major cost changes, but some pricing rigidities remain. Some contracts track market values poorly. Overall, long-term contracts provide flexibility while guarding against opportunism, but not all achieve this goal equally well.
This document provides an overview of exporting goods from India. It discusses the key requirements and processes, including necessary registrations with authorities like the Director General of Foreign Trade and Export Promotion Council. It also outlines the documentation needed for export, such as the shipping bill, commercial invoice, packing list, and certificates. Foreign exchange rates and contracts are also explained. The overall summary is that this document serves as an introduction to the legal and administrative framework for exporting products from India.
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โข Decentralized Purchasing
โข Advantages of Centralized and Decentralized Purchasing
โข Disadvantages of Centralized and Decentralized Purchasing
โข Tasks in Centralized and Decentralized Purchasing
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Correct Method
100
Cost Price
100
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4
VAT (4%)
4
Total
104
Total
104
Sales Price
120
Sales Price
120
Output VAT (4%)
4.8
Output VAT (4%)
4.8
Total
124.8
Total
124.8
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1. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
INDEX
SN
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
TITLE
EARTH MOVING EQUIPMENT
ROAD MAKING EQUIPMENT
HAULING EQUIPMENT
PILING, DIAPHRAGM WALL AND MARINE WORKS
FLOATING EQUIPMENT FOR MARINE WORK
CONCRETING EQUIPMENT
WELDING EQUIPMENT
PAGE NO
2
5
8
11
25
36
43
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Divyanshu Dayal, E-mail: dayal1005@gmail.com. www.2purchase.wordpress.com.
2. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
I.
EARTH MOVING EQUIPMENT
a. DOZER
A dozer is a crawler (continuous tracked tractor/ tyre based) equipped with a substantial metal
plate (known as a blade) used to push large quantities of soil, sand, rubble, or other such material
during construction or conversion work and typically equipped at the rear with a claw-like device
(known as a ripper) to loosen densely-compacted materials.
In Action
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Divyanshu Dayal, E-mail: dayal1005@gmail.com. www.2purchase.wordpress.com.
3. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
b. WHEEL LOADER
A loader (bucket loader, front loader, front-end loader, pay-loader, scoop, shovel, skip loader, or
wheel loader) is a heavy equipment machine used in construction and sidewalk maintenance to
move aside or load materials such as asphalt, demolition debris, dirt, snow, feed, gravel, logs, raw
minerals, recycled material, rock, sand, woodchips, etc. into or onto another type of machinery
(such as a dump truck, conveyor belt, feed-hopper, or railcar).
In Action
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Divyanshu Dayal, E-mail: dayal1005@gmail.com. www.2purchase.wordpress.com.
4. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
c. HYDRAULIC EXCAVATOR
Excavators are heavy construction equipment consisting of a boom, stick, bucket and cab on a
rotating platform (known as the "house"). The house sits atop an undercarriage with tracks or
wheels. A cable-operated excavator uses winches and steel ropes to accomplish the movements. All
movement and functions of a hydraulic excavator are accomplished through the use of hydraulic
fluid, with hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors
In Action
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Divyanshu Dayal, E-mail: dayal1005@gmail.com. www.2purchase.wordpress.com.
5. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
II.
ROAD MAKING EQUIPMENT
a. ROAD ROLLER/ VIBRATOR COMPACTOR
A road roller (sometimes called a roller-compactor, or just roller) is a compactor type engineering
vehicle used to compact soil, gravel, concrete, or asphalt in the construction of roads and
foundations, similar rollers are used also at landfills or in agriculture.
In Action
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Divyanshu Dayal, E-mail: dayal1005@gmail.com. www.2purchase.wordpress.com.
6. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
b. ROAD PAVER
A paver (paver finisher, asphalt finisher, paving machine) is a piece of construction equipment
used to lay asphalt on roads, bridges, parking lots and other such places. It lays the asphalt flat and
providing minor compaction before it is rolled by a roller.
In Action
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Divyanshu Dayal, E-mail: dayal1005@gmail.com. www.2purchase.wordpress.com.
7. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
c. ASPHALT CONCRETE PLANT
A batch plant usually has feed hoppers where a front-end loader will deposit the raw materials
such as gravel and sand. The material is elevated into a mixing chamber high up in the plant where
the binder agent is added from a large silo. Usually only a specified quantity is mixed at any time
therefore the term batch is used. Once the mix is ready it is deposited into a truck.
In Action
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Divyanshu Dayal, E-mail: dayal1005@gmail.com. www.2purchase.wordpress.com.
8. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
III.
HAULING EQUIPMENT
a. HAUL TRUCK (Dump Truck or Tipper)
Haul trucks are off-highway, two-axle, rigid dump trucks specifically engineered for use in high production
mining and heavy duty construction environments.
Large quarry-sized trucks range from 40 to 100 tons. A good example of this is the Caterpillar 775 (rated at
70 short tons (64 t)). However, Quarry operations are typically smaller than, say, a gold/copper mine, and
require smaller trucks.
In Action
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Divyanshu Dayal, E-mail: dayal1005@gmail.com. www.2purchase.wordpress.com.
9. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
b.
TRACTOR TRAILER
Road tractor drives and are attached to trailer without a front axle. A large proportion of trailerโs
weight is supported by a road tractor, a detachable front axle assembly is known as a dolly, or the
tail of another trailer.
In Action
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Divyanshu Dayal, E-mail: dayal1005@gmail.com. www.2purchase.wordpress.com.
10. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
c. TIPPER (Dump Truck or Hauling Truck)
A Tipper/ dump truck is a truck used for transporting loose material (such as sand, gravel, or dirt) for
construction. A typical tipper/ dump truck is equipped with a hydraulically operated open-box bed hinged at
the rear, the front of which can be lifted to allow the contents to be deposited on the ground behind the
truck at the site of delivery. In the UK and Australia the road vehicle is known as a tipper, tipper lorry (UK) or
tip truck (AU).
In Action
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Divyanshu Dayal, E-mail: dayal1005@gmail.com. www.2purchase.wordpress.com.
11. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
IV.
PILING, DIAPHRAGM WALL AND MARINE WORKS
a. Piling Rigs
Piling rig can be used on piling construction in dry (short screw), wet soil (rotary bucket) and rock
(core drill) by equipping with drilling tool, and can be equipped with long screw drill, diaphragm wall
grab, vibratory hammer, etc., to realize many functions. It is mainly used in foundation engineering
of municipal construction, expressway, bridge, industrial and civil buildings, water conservancy
project, Slope protection, etc.
Its rated power of engine is around 108โ450 kW, output torque 60โ400 kNm, maximum pile
diameter 1.5โ4 m, maximum pile depth 60โ90 m.
It generally applies hydraulic crawler chassis, automatic lift box-type mast, telescopic drill pipe, auto
vertical adjustor, depth indicator, etc. Its operation applies hydraulic pilot control, load sensor, thus
it is easy and comfortable to control. Main and auxiliary hoisting can meet different requirements in
construction sites.
Piling rigs categories
1. Small-sized: Torque is around 60โ100 kNm, engine power 108 kW, drilling diameter 0.5โ1.2m,
drilling depth 40m, total quality 40t.
2. Mid-sized: Torque is around 120โ180 kNm, engine power 125โ200 kW, drilling diameter 0.8โ
1.8m, drilling depth 60m, total quality 42โ65t.
3. Large-sized: Torque is around 240 kNm, engine power 300 kW, drilling diameter 1โ2.5m, drilling
depth 80m, total quality 100t.
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12. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
In Action
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13. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
b. Rotary, Piling Rigs/ Crane Mounted Rotary Piling Rigs
๏ท
๏ท
๏ท
๏ท
Offer a larger range of pile diameters and depths than any other piling equipment.
Permit pile construction through particularly stiff or hard strata.
Offer concrete placement to below commencing surface level.
Can permit inspection of the pile during construction.
Crane mounted rigs reach far in front of the rig and are most suited to sites where short casings
can be used and speed is a primary driver. Modern hydraulic rigs are powerful enough to screw in
longer lengths of pile casings and rely less on vibratory hammers. With these techniques, as well
as any natural soil conditions, it can overcome many manmade obstructions that would otherwise
have to be removed prior to piling.
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14. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
In Action
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15. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
c. Piling Winch with Accessories
Winch as pile driver is a mechanical device for hauling or lifting and consisting essentially of a
movable drum around which a cable is wound so that rotation of the drum produces a drawing
force at end of the cable. Winches are normally equipped with a ratchet wheel and a pawl to
prevent slippage of the load, and brakes that allow a load to be lowered or released at a controlled
rate.
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16. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
d. Pile Hammer
Modern diesel pile hammer is a very large two-stroke diesel engine. The weight is the piston, and
the apparatus which connects to the top of the pile is the cylinder. Pile driving is started by having
the weight raised by auxiliary means โ usually a cable from the crane holding the pile driver โ
which draws air into the cylinder. Diesel fuel is added/injected into the cylinder. The weight is
dropped, using a quick-release. The weight of the piston compresses the air/fuel mixture, heating it
to the ignition point of diesel fuel. The mixture ignites, transferring the energy of the falling weight
to the pile head, and driving the weight back up. The rising weight draws in fresh air, and the cycle
starts over until the fuel runs out or is stopped by the pile crew.
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17. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
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18. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
e. Boring Tools and Accessories for Piles of Different Diameters
E.g Auger drilling is done with a helical screw which is driven into the ground with rotation. Hollow
stem Auger drilling is used for environmental drilling, geotechnical drilling, soil engineering and
geochemistry reconnaissance work in exploration for mineral deposits.
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19. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
f.
High Pressure Mud Pump
A mud pump is a reciprocating piston/plunger device designed to circulate drilling fluid under high
pressure (up to 7,500 psi (52,000 kPa) down the drill string and back up the annulus. Mud pump is a
large reciprocating pump used to circulate the mud (drilling fluid) on a drilling rig.
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20. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
g.
Vibratory Hammer
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21. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
In Action
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22. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
h. Bentonite Mixing and Generating Unit
One of the aspects of piling is the use of bentonite during piling. This allows deeper and larger piles
to be installed. Bentonite is a mud-slurry used to support the pile bore during construction. The
bentonite is injected into the bore to displace soil as it is drilled out and is later removed from the
bore as concrete is introduced.
Important aspects of the bentonite system include the development of purpose built mixing,
storage and โdesandingโ plants to supply and later clean the bentonite for reuse.
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23. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
i. Tripod Type Bored Piling Rig
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24. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
j. Truck Mounted Direct Mud Circulation Type Bored Piling Rig
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25. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
V.
FLOATING EQUIPMENT FOR MARINE WORK
a. Jack Up Platforms
A jack up rig/ Platform or a self-elevating unit is a type of mobile platform that consists of a
buoyant hull fitted with a number of movable legs, capable of raising its hull over the surface of sea.
The buoyant hull enables transportation of the unit and all attached machinery to a desired location.
Once on location the hull is raised to the required elevation above the sea surface on its legs
supported by the sea bed. The legs of such units may be designed to penetrate the sea bed, may
be fitted with enlarged sections or footings, or may be attached to a bottom mat. Generally Jack up
rigs are not self propelled and rely on tugs or heavy lift ships for transportation
Jack up platforms are used as exploratory drilling platforms and offshore and wind farm service
platforms. Jack up platforms have been the most popular and numerous of various mobile types in
existence.
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26. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
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27. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
b. Cutter Suction Dredger
A cutter-suction dredger's (CSD) suction tube has a cutting mechanism at the suction inlet. The
cutting mechanism loosens the bed material and transports it to the suction mouth. The dredged
material is usually sucked up by a wear-resistant centrifugal pump and discharged either through a
pipe line or to a barge. Cutter-suction dredgers are most often used in geological areas consisting
of hard surface materials (for example gravel deposits or surface bedrock) where a standard
suction dredger would be ineffective. In recent years, dredgers with more powerful cutters have
been built in order to excavate harder rock without the need for blasting.
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28. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
In Action
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29. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
c. Grab Dredger
Grab Dredger can be considered as a motorized crane equipped with clamshell (grabber) that is
used to scoop material from the bottom of a body of water. The crane could be located on the
bank, or mounted on a barge. If the crane is mounted on a barge, the entire vessel is referred to
as a dredger.
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30. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
d. Submersible Barge
A versatile equipment that can be applied to fixed and floating structures. It is not significantly
affected by topsides weight, weather sensitive marine operations and reduces total marine spread
requirements.
e. Hydro Clam Barge
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31. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
f. Multipurpose Hopper Barge
A hopper barge is a kind of non-mechanical ship or vessel that cannot move around by itself, unlike
some other types of barges. Designed to carry materials, like rocks, sand, soil and rubbish, for
dumping into the ocean, a river or lake for land reclamation.
Hopper barges are seen in two distinctive types; raked hopper or box hopper barges. The raked
hopper barges move faster than the box hoppers; they are both designed for movement of dry
bulky commodities.
Split barges serve the same purpose, but instead of a door in the hull's bottom, the hull of the
whole barge splits longitudinally between the end bulkheads. The vessel consists of two major parts
(port and starboard halves), both are mostly symmetrical in design. Both parts of the vessel are
hinged at the deck and operated by hydraulic cylinders.
Split Barges
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32. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
g. Drilling and Blasting Pontoon
Drill rigs are installed on pontoon for the purpose of drilling and blasting. Hard rock beds that would
seem to be beyond the capacity of "normal" dredgers, such as cutter suction dredgers and dippers,
can be pulverized with explosives. Holes are drilled in the rocky bottom with top hammers and airdriven down the hole hammers. After the holes are drilled, the holes will be loaded with explosives
and blasted.
h. Crane Barge
A crane vessel, floating crane is a barge with a crane specialized in lifting heavy loads. The largest
crane vessels are used for offshore construction.
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33. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
i. Tug
A tugboat (tug) is a boat that maneuvers vessels by pushing or towing them. Tugs move vessels that
either should not move themselves, such as ships in a crowded harbor or a narrow canal, or those
that cannot move by themselves, such as barges, disabled ships, log rafts, or oil platforms. Tugboats
are powerful for their size and strongly built, and some are ocean-going. Some tugboats serve
as icebreakers or salvage boats. Early tugboats had steam engines, but today most have diesel
engines. Many tugboats have firefighting monitors, allowing them to assist in firefighting, especially
in harbors.
In Action
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34. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
j. Hatch Barge/ Deck Barge
Hatch Barge or Deck Barges are designed to carry cargo on deck and differ in size and structural
design, depending on their intended use. Deck cargos include pipe, piling, fabricated structures,
equipment, rock, palletized material or even horses, cattles and rocket boosters. In some instances,
certain liquid cargos may be carried in the interior watertight compartments. Deck barges are also
used as work platforms for workers and machinery, thereby serving as an extension of land. Some
of these barges may have raised rake decks.
In Action
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35. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
k.
Dock Barge With Cement Batching Plant
l. Lift and Assembling Barge
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36. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
VI. CONCRETING EQUIPMENT
a. Batching Plants
A concrete plant, also known as a batch plant, is a device that combines various ingredients to
form concrete. Some of these inputs include sand, water, aggregate (rocks, gravel, etc.), fly
ash, potash, and cement. There are two types of concrete plants: ready mix plants and central
mix plants. A concrete plant can have a variety of parts and accessories, including but not limited
to: mixers (either tilt-up or horizontal or in some cases both), cement batchers, aggregate
batchers, conveyors, radial stackers, aggregate bins, cement bins, heaters, chillers, cement silos,
batch plant controls, and dust collectors (to minimize environmental pollution).
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37. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
b. Mixer in Batching Plant
The center of the concrete batching plant is the mixer. There are three types of mixer: Tilt, pan,
and twin shaft mixer. The twin shaft mixer can ensure an even mixture of concrete and large
output, while the tilt mixer offers a consistent mix with much less maintenance labor and cost.
Successful concrete products companies build their businesses around high performance mixers.
Portable Concrete Mixture Batching Plant
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38. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
c. Concrete Pump
A concrete pump is a machine used for transferring liquid concrete by pumping. There are two
types of concrete pumps.
1. Trailer Mounted Boom Concrete Pump: The concrete pump is attached to a truck. It is known
as a trailer-mounted boom concrete
pump because it uses a remotecontrolled articulating robotic arm (called a boom) to place concrete with pinpoint accuracy.
Boom pumps are used on most of the larger construction projects as they are capable of
pumping at very high volumes and because of the labour saving nature of the placing boom.
They are a revolutionary alternative to truck-mounted concrete pumps.
In action
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39. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
2. Truck Mounted or Trailer Mounted Concrete Pump used in Transit Mixer): The concrete pump
is either mounted on a truck and known as a truck-mounted concrete pump or placed on
a trailer, and it is commonly referred to as a line pump or trailer-mounted concrete pump. This
pump requires steel or flexible concrete placing hoses to be manually attached to the outlet of
the machine. Those hoses are linked together and lead to wherever the concrete needs to be
placed. Line pumps normally pump concrete at lower volumes than boom pumps and are used
for smaller volume concrete placing applications such as swimming pools, sidewalks, and single
family home concrete slabs and most ground slabs.
In action
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40. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
d. Transit Mixer
A concrete mixer (also commonly called a cement mixer) is a device that homogeneously
combines cement, aggregate such as sand or gravel, and water to form concrete. A typical concrete
mixer uses a revolving drum to mix the components. For smaller volume works portable concrete
mixers are often used so that the concrete can be made at the construction site, giving the workers
ample time to use the concrete before it hardens. An alternative to a machine is mixing concrete or
cement by hand. This is usually done in a wheelbarrow; however, several companies have recently
begun to sell modified tarps for this purpose.
Portable Concrete Mixer
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41. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
e. Concrete Dumpers
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42. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
f. Concrete Placers
Manual
Concrete Placer side discharge conveyor is ideal for placing concrete ahead of a paver at various depths.
The conveyor places all types of concrete and free-flowing materials transversely across any formed slab.
The Concrete Placer is completely operator controlled from feeder to placement to machine travel. There
is no need for trailers or extra attachments to move the Concrete Placer into place or around the job site.
The Concrete Placer is built to handle the toughest concrete placing jobs.
Machine
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43. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
VII. WELDING EQUIPMENT
a. Welding Machine
The basic arc welder components consist of the machine that generates the power, the electrode
holder or wire feed gun, Consumables, means of shielding the weld as it forms, and protective
equipment for the user.
1. Components of Welding Machine
i. The Power Source
Power sources vary with the type of welding being performed. A machine may be either DC or AC,
constant current or constant voltage. Selection is made by the amount and the type of current
required, the power available and economic factors. Heat and speed can be adjusted by varying the
voltage and current generated. This is necessary since a slower speed is required for thicker metals.
Speed on a wire feed type is controlled by the rate at which the wire is fed.
ii. Electrode Holder/ Wire feed Gun and Consumables
Typically a machine will have either an electrode holder/ a wire feed gun. The type of welding done
with the electrode holder is commonly referred to as โstick weldingโ.
Electrode Holder/ Wire Feed Gun
A welding rod coated with flux is used for this method (Flux is simply a coating on the rod that emits
gases to protect the weld as it forms). The proper term for this type is shielded metal arc welding
(SMAW). The wire feed type is often referred to as โMIG weldingโ, MIG meaning Metal Inert Gas.
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44. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) uses a wire that has a core of flux, Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW)
uses a shielding gas that is emitted from the wirefeed gun.
Welding Electrodes and Wire (Filler Material)
iii. Means of shielding the weld as it forms
Shielding of the weld as it forms is very important. The level of impurities directly affects the
strength of the weld. The molten metal is susceptible to impurities such as oxygen and carbon
deposits. A shield of gas covers the weld as it forms, protecting it from the air.
Shielding can be accomplished by either a coating on the wire or welding rod (known as flux), or a
gas. Gasses are released from the flux as it melts with the filler metal, producing a shield. Flux
produces slag which must be chipped off after the weld is completed. There is no slag when
shielding gas such as argon is used. The gas is fed along with the wire through the gun. While this
method forms a cleaner weld, it may not always be convenient since gas cylinders are required.
There are many types of welding rods and wire compositions. Fluxes and gases vary as the type of
metal to be joined will vary. Typically the weld will always be stronger than the metal it joins.
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45. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
iv. Protective Equipment for Welding
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46. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
v. The Welding Machine Setup
2. Arc Welding
Also known as Manual Metal Arc Welding (MMAW) or Stick Welding uses a welding power supply
to create an electric arc between an electrode and base metal to melt the metals at welding point.
They can use either Direct Current (DC) or Alternating Current (AC) current, consumable or non
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47. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
consumable electrodes. The electrode is made of material that is compatible with the base material
being welded and is covered with flux that protects the weld area from oxidation and
contamination by producing CO2 gas during the welding process.
There are mainly two types of arc welding namely AC welder and DC welder. Arc welding machine is
used to weld ferrous metals, cast iron, nickel, aluminum, copper and other metals which are non
ferrous.
Process of Arc Welding
Arc Welding
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48. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
3. MIG Welding
Gas metal arc welding (GMAW), sometimes referred to by its subtypes metal inert gas (MIG)
welding or metal active gas (MAG) welding, is a semi-automatic or automatic arc welding process in
which a continuous and consumable wire electrode and a shielding gas are fed through a welding
gun(mig torch).Also known as a CO2 welder. A constant voltage, direct current power source is
most commonly used with GMAW, but constant current systems, as well as alternating current, can
be used. The most common gases used are carbon dioxide for general purpose welding. It is the
cheapest of the welding gases, and creates a good weld.
4. Flux Core Arc Welding (FCAW)
It is also possible to use a MIG welder without shielding gas. This process is called flux core arc
Welding (FCAW). In this welding process the welding wire has a hollow core that is filled with flux.
Flux cored arc welding can be done outside, because there is no need to worry about the shielding
gas being blown away. The flux core wire has a hotter arc and therefore is used to weld thicker
pieces of metal.
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49. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
5. TIG Welding
Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding is a welding process that works with the help of a tungsten
electrode. TIG stands for Tungsten Inert Gas and is technically called Gas Tungsten Arc Welding or
GTAW. The process uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode that delivers the current to the
welding arc. A shielding gas, such as Argon gas is used to protect the weld area from atmospheric
contamination. A filler metal is normally used. TIG welding is most commonly used to weld thin
sections of stainless steel and non- ferrous metals such as aluminium, magnesium, and copper
alloys. The process grants the operator greater control over the weld than when comparing it to
procedures such as Mig and Gas welding. There are two types of TIG welders, such as a DC (direct
current), which are generally used for the welding of ferrous types of metals and the other being
the AC/DC (alternating current, direct current) which can weld most types of metals, such as nonferrous and ferrous.
6. Spot Welding
Spot welding is a process in which contacting metal surfaces are joined by the heat obtained from resistance
to electric current flow. Work pieces are held together under pressure exerted by electrodes. The process
uses two shaped copper alloy electrodes to concentrate welding current into a small โspotโ and to
simultaneously clamp the sheets together. Forcing a large current through the spot will melt the metal and
form the weld. Spot welding is typically used for the welding of thin sheets of metal together, within a range
from 0.5 to 3 mm (0.020 to 0.12 inch).
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50. MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT VOL-I
Welding In Action
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