The document discusses VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol), including what it is, how it works, common protocols used, factors important for network design like quality of service, and pros and cons. VoIP converts voice signals to digital signals transmitted over the internet, allowing phone calls via an internet connection. Key protocols include SIP, H.323, and RTP. Network design considerations involve services, providers, call routing, and ensuring quality of service through sufficient bandwidth and management of delay, jitter, packet loss and echo. Advantages include cost savings, features, and flexibility, while disadvantages include reliance on the network and potential quality issues.

1. VoIP : PROS &
CONS
SUMIYA KHANAM 15-005
NADIA SHAHRIN CHANDNI 16-044
ZAKARIA HASAN 17-006
NUSA FARHA 18-041
SUCHISMITA BARUA 18-079

2. What is VoIP?
 Voice over Internet Protocol
 It is a method of making calls via internet
protocol networks
 It is also known as Internet telephony, IP
telephony, broadband telephony
 It is the ability to transmit and receive voice
telephone calls over an Ethernet data
connection
 VoIP converts the voice signal from our
telephone into a digital signal that travels
over the Internet

3. How Does VoIP Work?
Human voice must be packetized
Uses circuit-switching mechanism
Voice packetization involves appending headers with
routing information
Multiple voice samples are combined into a packet
Voice packet is switched hop-by-hop through the
network

4. Protocols of VoIP
 H.323
 Media Gateway Control Protocol
(MGCP)
 Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
 H.248 (also known as Media Gateway
Control (Megaco))
 Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP)
 Real-time Transport Control Protocol
(RTCP)
 Secure Real-time Transport Protocol
(SRTP)
 Session Description Protocol (SDP)
 Inter-Asterisk eXchange (IAX)
 Jingle XMPP VoIP extensions
 Skype protocol
 Teamspeak
 The H.323 protocol was one of the
first VoIP protocols that found
widespread implementation for
long-distance traffic, as well as
local area network services

5. Network Design for VoIP
 Step 1: Identify the services you plan to sell.
 Step 2: Identify the type of carriers or providers with which
you plan to interconnect.
 Step 3: Determine the interconnection types you plan to
use.
 Step 4: Determine the call topologies you plan to use.
 Step 5: Identify the appropriate deployment scenario.
 Step 6: Identify the functional areas you require.
 Step 7: Identify the required hardware and software
components.
 Step 8: Identify design and scalability issues.
 Step 9: Configure and provision components.

6. Quality of Service (QoS) in
VoIP Systems
 Delay
 Jitter
 Packet loss
 Echo
 Throughput

7. Advantages of VoIP
i. Cost savings
ii. Rich media service
iii. Portability
iv. Low Taxes
v. Low Cabling cost
vi. Features
vii. Flexibility
viii. Video-Conferencing
ix. Human Resource Leveraging
x. Scale
xi. Diversity
xii. Single Network/Cable
xiii. Remote Maintenance
xiv. Connecting to Internet
xv. Computer telephony integration
xvi. Multiple Lines
xvii. User Control Interface
xviii. No geographical boundary

8. Disadvantages of VoIP
i. No service during a power
outage
ii. Emergency calls
iii. Reliability
iv. VoIP Voice Quality
v. Security
vi. Shared Bandwidth
vii. Bandwidth Dependency
viii. Compatibility
ix. Internal issues
x. Network integrity & QOS
xi. Disadvantages of VOIP to
Big Business
xii. Other