Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting and plays a role in bone strengthening. It exists in multiple forms, with vitamin K1 found in plants and vitamin K2 produced by bacteria. Vitamin K was first discovered in 1929 when chickens fed a cholesterol-free diet began bleeding due to a lack of the vitamin. Good food sources of vitamin K include green leafy vegetables, milk, eggs, meat, and some fruits. A vitamin K deficiency can lead to bleeding issues from the gums, cuts, or gastrointestinal tract.

1. VITAMIN KVITAMIN K
Hanu Pratap

2. WHAT IS VITAMIN ?
=<Vitamins are organic
compounds that are needed in
small quantities to sustain life.
This is because the human body
does not produce enough of
them.

3. Some key points
 There are 13 known vitamins which
are subdivided into two types:-
1. Fat soluble Vitamin- Vitamin
A,D,E,K.
2. Water soluble Vitamin- Vitamin C
and all the Vitamin B.
 Vitamin always contain carbon, so
they are described as “organic”.

4. VITAMIN K
The term vitamin K where K stands for
KOAGULATION because a lack of this vitamin
causes a defect in blood Koagulation.
=<Chemical names:
Phylloquinone,menaquinones.
=<It is fat soluble.
=<Group of compounds (coenzyme(
1.Plant Source- vitamin k1
2.Bacteria source- vitamin k2
3.Synthetic source- vitamin k3

5. VITAMIN K
=<In 1929,a Danish scientist
called as HENRIK DAM first
discovered Vitamin K.
=<He viewed the role of
cholesterol in chickens, by
providing them with only
Cholesterol-free food. After a
certain amount of time, the
chickens began bleeding.

6. VITAMIN K FUNCTION
IN THE BODY
=<Activate calcium binding of 4 of 13 protein
needed in
a. BLOOD CLOTTING.
b. BONE STRENGTHENING.
c. CELL GROWTH.
d. NERVOUS SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AND
MAINTENANCE.
=<Fat soluble
a. STORED IN THE BODY.
b. EXCESS STORES ARE EXCRETED THROUGH
LARGE INTESTINE, REDUCING TOXICITY RISK
FACTOR.

7. WHY VITAMIN K IS
IMPORTANT FOR THE BODY?
• When excessive blood thinning
medicines are given, and the effect
has to be reversed.
• New born babies have clotting
problems, as the vitamin has not
transferred from the mother’s body
to the infant.

8. ADEQUATE INTAKE
LEVEL OF VITAMIN K
LIFE STAGE AGE MALES(MICROGRAM/DAY) FEMALE (MICROGRAM/DAY)
Infants 6 months 2 2
Infants 7-12 months 2.5 2.5
Children 1-3 years 30 30
Children 4-8 years 55 55
Children 9-13 years 60 60
Adolescents 14-18 years 75 75
Adults 19 yrs or above 120 90

9. SYMPTOMS
• BLEEDING FROM GUMS.
• UNUSUAL BRUSSING
• PROLONGED BLEEDING FROM
CUTS.
• BLEEDING FROM THE UMBICAL
CORD.
• BLEEDING FROM THE
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.
• INCREASE RISK OF HIP
FRACTURE IN OLDER ADULTS.

10. SOURCES
FOOD SOURCES:-
1. GREEN LEAFY VEGETABLES
(SPINACH,BROCCOLI etc.).
2. MILK.
3. BEANS AND SOYBEANS.
4. EGGS AND MEAT.
5. STRAWBERRIES.
6. BEEF LIVER.
7. GREEN TEA.

11. STRUCTURE ACTIVITY
RELATIONSHIP
1. Activity is maximum when:-
a. RING A & RING B are aromatic.
b. RING A is not substituted.
c. Methyl group at C-2.
d. Unsaturation of phytyl side chain
at C-3.
2. Activity is decreased when:-
a. Alkyl group larger than Methyl at
C-2.
b. Hydroxyl group at C-3.
c. Saturation of phytyl side chain at
C-3.
3. Activity not affected:-
if positions 1 & 4 are substituted
with OH, NH2,C=O,OC2H5.

12. PREVENTION OF
VITAMIN K DEFICIENCY
• A normal diet containing the vitamin.
• The presence of bile in the intestine.
• A normal intestinal uptake or absorption.
• Heavy alcohol consumption impairs the liver’s
ability to produce vitamin K- dependent
coagulation factors and impair recycling of vitamin
K.
• No interference with vitamin K.

13. CONCLUSION
• From this, I conclude that
Vitamin K is very important.
It help you to stay healthy
and prevents health issues.

14. FURTHER READING
1.www.namrata.co/vitamin-k-
chemistry-and-functions-part-1/
2.www.namrata.co/category/vitamins/t
heory-notes-vitamins/
3.www.medicalnewstoday.com
4.www.phg_413_vitamin_dek_3.com
5.www.medifee.com

15. ThankThank
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