Water

1. Vital Water Alice Newton University of Algarve Joint Master in Water and Coastal Management University of Bergen 2005-2006

15. Water as a Liquid

23. Properties of Water The Strange Liquid

27. Specific Heat and Latent Heat Heat Energy Supplied 100 ºC 0 ºC T ºC Boiling Point Freezing Point Specific Heat of Water Specific Heat of Ice Latent Heat of Water Latent Heat of Ice

29. Phase diagram of water

33. Water as Ice

40. Where did the water on Earth come from?

43. Our Solar System

50. The Blue Planet

52. El Niño mechanism http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/tao/elnino/nino-home.html#

55. The Hydrological Cycle

76. Topography of Ocean Basins

78. Global Ocean Surface Currents http://web.uvic.ca/~rdewey/eos110/webimages.html

84. River basins

89. Aswan Dam Lake Nasser

96. Characterization of Water by Mineral Composition … a little hydrochemistry

118. Ice… the cryosphere

123. Obliquity : tilt of rotation axis currently at 23.5º to plane of orbit 40 000 year cycle Eccentricity : elliptical shape of orbit, 100 000 year cycle

129. Greenland Plateau and Vostok, Antarctica Ice plateau on Greenland Vostok

130. Antarctic temperatures – during the last 400 000 years

131. Last four ice ages recorded in Antarctica http://www.grida.no/climate/ipcc_tar/wg1/fig2-22.htm

137. Glacier retreat

139. The Nigard valley. The picture shows the retreat of the glacier. Photo: Bjørn Wold, NVE.

140. Changes in sea-ice thickness in the Arctic United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) –Grid Arendal Overall change -1.3 m (40%) Positions with comparison USS Archerfish Measurements ’60s and ’90s

141. The destructive forces of Water

149. Hurricane Hugo http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/historic/nws/hugo1.html Digitized Charleston WSR-57 radar image of Hugo with superimposed winds Real-time winds measured onboard NOAA research aircraft flying into Hugo Wind velocity transmitted to NHC through a satellite link as eyewall hit coast Sustained winds of 155 mph at 10,000 feet and 135 mph at surface Higher gusts were estimated in area of landfall Image ID: wea00455, Historic NWS Collection Photographer: Dr. Frank Marks, AOML Hurricane Research Division

150. Hurricane Andrew http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/historic/nws/andy1.html Hurricane Andrew - visible satellite image taken by METEOSAT 3 This picture depicts Andrew during period of maximum intensity over Bahamas August 23,1992 Image ID: wea00520, Historic NWS Collection

152. Lake Pontchartrain and New Orleans

153. New Orleans flooded

154. Breeched Levee

155. Breeched Levee

156. Loss of Wetlands An ambitious $14 billion plan known as Coast 2050 attempts to protect more than 10,000 square kilometers of Louisiana's wetlands, which are disappearing at a rate of up to 90 square kilometers per year, one of the highest rates of land loss in the world. But a number of unanswered scientific questions swirl around the plan. And it could run afoul of powerful interests in the shipping, petroleum, and fishing industries. Louisiana's Vanishing Wetlands: Going, Going ... Joel Bourne Science 2000 290: 456. (in Letters) [Full Text]

157. Altered Delta

159. The 1998 flood in Bangladesh

160. Floods in Bangladesh

163. 26 December 2004 off Aceh, Indonesia

164. Indonesia: lhoknga_iko_2004364

165. Sri Lanka_qbd_2004361

170. Water as a Resource

179. Use of water by sector differs

183. Increasing water stress

188. GIWA's assessment tools Incorporate 5 major environmental concerns and application of the DPSIR framework.

191. Water and Life