This document discusses media's role in Pakistani political campaigns and ethical violations. It provides an overview of general elections in Pakistan from 1977 to 2013. It then discusses the role of different media (television, newspaper, social media) in the 2013 elections. It outlines the code of conduct for Pakistani media during elections and common violations like discrimination against parties, spreading misinformation, unverified claims, and inflammatory expressions. It also discusses issues around paid content/political advertising, violations therein like untruthfulness and disrespect. Finally, it notes media's duties around impartiality, accuracy, explaining voting process, and only reporting final results from ECP.

2. Presented By
 Bakhtawar Aamir
10050616-033
 Saqib Naveed
10050616-031
 Emaan Raza
10050616-034
 Shakeeb Arsalan
10050616-032

3. Role of media in political
campaigns and ethical violation

4.  Election Commission of Pakistan gave a full fledge criteria for
conducting the elections of 2013 on their official website.

5. General elections from 1977 to
2013
 First general elections 1977 after losing East wing.
 Second general elections 1988 and ppp came in power and
Printing press and publications ordinance came in 1988 as well.
 After two years government was dismissed and instability increased
till 1997.
 1999 Musharraf came to power.

6.  1997 elections Nawaz Sharif launched a campaign against Pakistan
peoples party
 2002 elections and Musharraf's rule
 2008 elections sympathy votes to Pakistan peoples party
 2013 elections

7.  In recent elections held in 2013, the Pml(N)won the majority seats in
the elections and is expected to be forming government in last
weeks of May 2013.

8. Elections 2013 and media
 Television
 Newspaper
 Social media

9.  Shakeeb Arsalan

10. Code of Conduct for Pakistan
Media and Elections and their
violations

11.  Media and ethical journalists in Pakistan strive at all times to
 a) avoid discrimination against any political party, political
leader or candidate
 b) provide information that will assist citizens to better
understand the issues, policies and perspectives of all
democratic participants in the election process
 c) ensure all communities are made fully aware of the election
process and how they can freely exercise their right to vote

12.  Media recognize that it is not always possible to cover all
candidates in an election, but they shall strive to ensure that all
candidates representing democratic values.
 Ban all forms of intolerance and expression that can be interpreted
as incitement to violence or hatred,

13.  Avoid all forms of rumor, speculation and disinformation,
particularly when these concern specific political parties or
candidates,
 Forbid the publication of allegations or personal remarks or
opinions that are designed to be offensive.
 verify information regarding individuals or parties which is
critical or negative before it is telecast, broadcast or
published,

14.  Media respect the values of tolerance and respect in Pakistan
society and are committed to excluding all forms of
intemperate abusive opinion that has the effect of promoting
public disorder or intolerance.
 This pledge to avoid inflammatory expression shall apply to
coverage of political activities at all levels including when it
applies to the reporting of statements or remarks by political
leaders or candidates.
 Media recognize that the power of elections rests with the
people of Pakistan and the voters. They will exercise caution in
the use of opinion polls and agree to work together to ensure
that announcement of results is managed in an equitable and
transparent manner ensuring that all media are able to report
accurately the results as they emerge from the ECP and the
election control room.

15.  All media shall ensure that they and their staff are fully prepared
for the task of election coverage and agree to follow the
common principles for preparation and organization of election
coverage as set out in the attached checklist for ethical and fair
reporting.
 All media shall provide staff with guidance and advice on safety
and security issues and provide journalists with appropriate
support including insurance.
 Candidates in Pakistan elections shall not act as news anchors,
interviewers or presenters of any type of program during the
election period.

16.  In addition, appearances by candidates or political party
representatives in non-political programs that were planned or
scheduled before the election may continue, but no new
appearances will be arranged and broadcast during the
period.
 When a candidate takes part in an item about his or her
particular election, then candidates of each of the major
parties shall be offered the opportunity to take part. However,
if they refuse or are unable to participate, the item may
nevertheless go ahead.
 Broadcasters must offer the opportunity to all candidates take
part in a particular electoral area reports and discussions. This
also applies to independent candidates. However, if a
candidate refuses or is unable to participate, the item may
nevertheless go ahead.

17.  All media shall give the audience regular information about
appropriate websites or other information source listing all
candidates taking part in the elections.
 Pakistan media agree to establish an election media monitoring
group comprised of respected, non-partisan figures to protect the
press from aggression and to investigate any incidents.

18.  Saqib Naveed

19. Paid Content
 A paid form of nonpersonal communication is about any political
party or group and its Message or manifesto & it is transmitted to a
target audience through a mass medium.
 So this is for publicity or sending message not for selling any thing or
promotion of any thing.
 Paid Content is basically the type of advertising which is no product
ad.
 This was Ban in Pakistan but PPP govt. Unban this sort of adverting for
their own benefit.

20. In recent years, political advertising has become essential to
campaign strategy. But the world of political advertising is very
different from the world of commercial advertising. There really are no
"rules" when it comes to the content and form of political advertising.
Political advertisers are not accountable to any regulatory body.

21. Paid Content Ethics:
 TRUTHFULNESS
Each & every word that is used in paid content is based on truth.
The truth should proved with relevant facts.
 RESPECT THE DIGNITY OF EACH HUMAN
It means not to criticize anyone or any other political party.
 RESPECT SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES
It means never show such advertisements with may cross limits of our social
boundaries.
 Give Equal opportunities
The media should give equal opportunity to each party..
 Never Discourage the Audience
Do not show such ads which may cause discourage in the public.

22. Ethical Violation In Paid Content
 A report by the Free and Fair Election Network (FAFEN) reveals that
around 49 percent 'observed' election rallies violated the rules set by
the ECP
 Leading Urdu newspapers of Pakistan are breaking code of ethics
just for Advertisements. After continuous front Page Advertisement
Stuffing, now new ethics breaking technique has come. Few months
back, some Urdu newspapers published Advertisements on front
page which were looking like Headline.

23.  These types of Advertisements in Newspaper are one of biggest
Code of Ethics violation.
 It’s shocking that two leading Urdu newspapers did this blunder.
These newspapers are trendsetter in Urdu Journalism and many
newbie Print Journalist follow them.

25. Ethical Volition By PPP
 Most of the PPPP ads violates the paid content and even ECP code
of ethics.
 They violate the ethics by misrepresentation and criticizing the other
parities.
 They mainly focus on criticizing the other parties instead of telling
people about their achievement.

26. Paid Content By PML(N)
 Most of the paid content that is shared by the media is motivational.
 They only violate the ethics in their last political ad which was
against the PTI.

27. Paid Content By PTI
 The Most of the political ads of the PTI focused on future.
 They use the elements of the Emotionalism.
 They Didn’t criticize any party in all of their ads.

28.  Emaan Raza

29. Ethical Violation And Reporting
 Duty to inform about voting process.
 Obligation of accuracy, balance and impartiality.
 Limits to media liability for caring false statement.
 Fair and balance reporting.
 Obligation to carry special programmers explaining proceedings.
 Publish opinion poll results explaining scope and limits, data used
including who paid it.
 Media must not air results with disclaimer until declared final by ECP.

30.  Sama election city
 Ary election cell
 Geo election headquarter