The document discusses verb tenses in English, including: 1) The present simple tense is used for routines, general truths, and stative verbs. Frequency adverbs precede the main verb. 2) The present continuous tense expresses actions happening now or around now, as well as temporary actions and future arrangements. 3) The past simple tense expresses finished past actions, while the past continuous tense expresses incomplete long past actions or two actions occurring simultaneously.

1. VERB TENSES
Bachillerato

2. PRESENT SIMPLE
Uses
 Routines ( With frequency time expressions)
I don't work on Sundays
 General truth or scientific facts
Water boils at 100º C
 With stative verbs ( See p. 101 TB)
I think you should cut down on TV viewing
 Permanent states ( vs. temporary continuous)
She lives in a big city.
eTximpree ssions
 Frequency adverbs: position--> before main verb
My sister often gets on my nerves
 Time expressions: end position
The students do their homework every day.

3. PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Uses
• An action happening now / around now ( today, this week)
You aren't using the Internet.
 Temporary actions / changes
We're living in a rented flat
 Fixed arrangements/ plans in the near future
On Saturday, we are having a party.”
Time
expressions
 (right) now, at the moment, today, this week/m/y
 Tonight, tomorrow, next Tuesday/ week

4. PAST SIMPLE –
CONTINUOUS
SIMPLE A finished past action
John Cabot sailed to America in 1498.
A past action immediately after another past action.
“AND”
He got angry and left the room.
CONTINUOUS
Incomplete long past action interrupted by a short one.
"I was having a beautiful dream when the alarm
clock rang.“
Two incomplete long actions at the same time
"I was cooking dinner while he was setting the
table"

5. PAST SIMPLE/ PAST
PERFECT
Past action 1: do the shopping
Past action 2: go to the dentist
I went to the dentist after I had done the shopping.
Before I went to the dentist, I had done the shopping
I passed my exam because I had studied hard.
I had studied hard, so I passed my exam.

6. FUTURE TENSES
USOS EJEMPLOS
WILL
Cuando crees que algo va a ocurrir : predicciones
basadas en la opinión
Para decisiones espontáneas
Para promesas o ofrecerse a hacer algo
Sugerencias y ofrecimientos: shall I/we..?
Peticiones
- I think Barça will win the next league.
- I’m hungry. I will have a sandwich.
- I will help you! Shall I help you?
- Will you open the window,please?
BE GOING TO
Para predecir lo que va a ocurrir a continuación
basándonos en información visual...
Planes o intenciones de futuro
Look at those clouds! It is going to
rain.
We are going to visit Ibiza next
summer.
PRESENTE
CONTINUO
Citas concretas en el futuro cercano She has her plane tickets and she is
flying to Miami tonight.
FUTURO
CONTINUO
Acciones continuas en el futuro When you are in Australia will you be
staying with friends?
FUTURO
PERFECTO
Se refiere a una acción completada en el futuro
en el momento mencionado.
A menudo se utiliza con una expresión de tiempo:
BY + un punto en el futuro
- I'll have been here for six months on
June 23rd.
- By the time you read this I'll have
left .

7. PAST SIMPLE – PRESENT
PERFECT
I bought a new car last week.
I've bought a new car.
I lived in Gibraltar for two years/ since 2012.
I have lived there for two years.
I've broken my leg, so I can't play the game.
PAST SIMPLE PRESENT PERFECT
“When” is important
Past finished action
Action is important
Action which began in
the past and continues
in the present. How
long...?
Actions in the past with
a result now.

8. PRESENT PERFECT
YOUR EXPERIENCE: ever, never, before, a number of times
Have you ever been to a foreign country? What's the most beautiful
country/place you have ever visited?
Have you seen the film ?
Have you read the book ?
Have you played the game ?
This is the first time I have travelled by plane, that's why I was so
nervous.
I have never travelled by plane before.
I have broken my leg twice.
I have ridden a horse many times.

9. PRESENT PERFECT
WHAT HAS HAPPENED RECENTLY?
Are you hungry? No, I'm not. I've just had lunch.
Have you heard from George recently?
(see) a friend in the last few days? This
morning/evening/week
(eat) anything today?
(see) any good movies lately?
In the news:
The Spanish government has decided to participate in the OTAN anti-missile
shield.
There has been an earthquake in the isle of Hierro/ Hierro island.
The unemployment rate has increased.

10. PRESENT PERFECT
(UN)COMPLETED ACTIONS
You are going on holiday. You have to do a list
of jobs before you go.
I have already packed my suitcase, bought the sunscreen and
washed the car;
but I haven't put the luggage in the car yet.

11. PRESENT / PAST PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
PRESENT
It has been raining for 2 hours. ( Still happening,
emphasis on duration, long period)
I've been cooking all day. He's been telling the same
jokes for ages.
The ground is wet. It has been raining. ( recently
stopped).
PAST They had been talking for over an hour before Tony
arrived.
We had a great time last summer holidays. We had been
waiting for that moment for a long time.