This document discusses various vaccine delivery systems. It begins by defining vaccines and describing traditional types like inactivated, live attenuated, and toxoid vaccines. It then categorizes vaccine delivery systems and describes several methods - including delivery by liposomes, virosomes, emulsions, polymers, polymeric nanoparticles, micelles, and dendrimers. Key mechanisms of antigen uptake are also summarized. The document concludes by discussing advantages of single-dose vaccines and listing references.

1. Vaccine Delivery System
Presentad By
Sishant Rav Divya
M.Pharm (Pharmaceutics)
BBAU Lucknow
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2. Contents…..
 About Vaccine…
 Types of vaccine
 Vaccine delivery systems classification
 Mechanism of uptake of antigen
 Single short vaccine
 Advantage and Disadvantage
 Reference
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3. What are vaccines….????
A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves
immunity to a particular disease.
A vaccine contain an agent that resemble a disease .
The agent stimulate the body’s immune system to
recognize foreign agent.
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4. Types of vaccine
Vaccines are Dead or inactivated micro-organism or
purified product derived from them. Different types of
vaccines are:
1. Traditional vaccine
2. Innovative Vaccine
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5. Traditional vaccine : Killed ( inactivated) vaccine
Bacterial
 Typhoid-paratyphoid (TAB)
 Cholera
 Whooping cough
 Plague etc.
Virus
• Rabies
• Influenza
• Hipetitis B,A etc
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6. Live attenuated vaccine( Long lasting
immunity)
Bactereal
• Typhoid-Ty 21a
• Becillus Calmette agerin
(BCG)
Virus
• Poliomyelitis oral live
(OPV Sabin)
• Mumpa
• Measels
• Rubella
• Varicella
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7. Toxoid
• Diphtheria ,Modified bacteria , Toxicities lost but
antigenicity is retained
• Tetanus
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8. Innovative vaccine
• Conjugate vaccine
• Recombinant vector vaccine ( DNA)
• T-cell receptor peptide vaccine
• Valent( Monovalent,Multivslent)
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9. Vaccine delivery systems classification
Delivery By Liposome
Delivery By Virosome
Delivery By Emulsion
Delivery By MICELLAR
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10. Polymers in solid particulate vaccine delivery
Biodegaradable polymers such as PLGA(poly lactic-co-
glycolic acid)
 previously used as surgical implant and suture material is
now being exploited for matrix antigen delivery.
PLGA microspheres are rapidly taken up by M-cells and
translocated towards the underlying lymphatic tissue
within 1 h
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11. LIPOSOMAL DELIVERY SYSTEMS
Liposomes and their derivatives “lipoplexes”
(liposome/DNA complexes)
These are hollow spherical constructs of phospholipid
bilayers system
That capable of entrapping hydrophilic moieties in the
aqueous compartment and hydrophobic moieties in the
lipid bilayers…
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13. VIROSOMES
Virosomes are small spherical unilamellar lipid
membranes
 vesicles (150 nm)
embedded with viral membrane proteins
such as hemagglutin and neuraminidase of influenza virus
but devoid of nucleocapsid including the genetic material
of the source virus
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15. EMULSION DELIVERY SYSTEMS
 developed a novel emulsion-type vaccine delivery
systems of the amphiphilic bioresorbable polymer
poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(lactide-co-epsilon-
caprolactone) (PEG-b-PLACL) using ovalbumin as model
antigen
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16. POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLE DELIVERY
SYSTEMS
Polymeric nanoparticles because of their size are
preferentially taken up by the mucosa associated lymphoid
tissue.
They are extensively reviewed for nasal and oral delivery
of vaccines.
 Limited doses of antigen are sufficient to induce effective
immunization.
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17. MICELLAR DELIVERY SYSTEMS
DENDRIMER-BASED DELIVERY SYSTEMS
ISCOMS—IMMUNOSTIMULATORY COMPLEXES
ISCOMs (immune stimulating complexex) are
spontaneously formed spherical open cage.
like complexes when saponin, cholesterol, phospholipid,
and immunogen, usually protein are mixed together.
diameter of 30-80 nm.
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20. Uptake of Antigen
Immune cells contained antibody which was specific for
the immunizing antigen. ...
Specific antibody passively bound to cell membranes did
not promote uptake of antigen.
Antigen which bound to lymphocytes in vitro was not
enzymatically digested within the cell but became bound
to acid-insoluble nuclear DNA
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22. Single short vaccine
The design of a single-shot subunit vaccine for HIV-1 with
polylactic-coglycolic acid (PLGA) sustained-release
technology
Single shot vaccines of tetanus toxoid (TT) were
manufactured using the NanoMix process
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23. Advantage and disadvantage23

24. REFERENCES
 1. Elgert KD. Immunology: Understanding the immune system. 2nd ed. United States: Wiley-
Blackwell; 2009. p. 629.
 2. Carino GP. Vaccine Delivery. In: Mathiowitz E, editor. Encyclopedia of Controlled Drug
Delivery. Vol. 2. United States: Wiley Interscience; 1999. p. 996.
 3. Oyewumi MO, Kumar A, Cui Z. Nano-microparticles as immune adjuvants: Correlating particle
sizes and the resultant immune responses. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2010;9:1095–107. [PMC free
article] [PubMed]
 4. Grooves MJ. Parenteral Drug Delivery. In: Mathiowitz E, editor. Encyclopedia of Controlled Drug
Delivery. Vol. 2. United States: Wiley Interscience; 1999. p. 764.
 5. Shi S, Hickey AJ. PLGA microparticles in respirable sizes enhance an in vitro T cell response to
recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen TB10.4-Ag85B. Pharm Res. 2010;27:350–
60. [PubMed]
 6. Amselem S, Alving CR, Domb AJ. Polymeric biodegradable lipospheres™ as vaccine delivery
systems. [Last accessed on 2010 Jan 25];Polym Adv Technol. 1992 3:351–7. Available
from:http://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pat.1992.220030611/abstract
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