This document presents a project to use Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) for reducing NOx emissions and utilizing energy in the cement industry. The objectives are to reduce NOx by using RDF and minimize energy costs. Various literature sources discussing the environmental and economic benefits of using RDF in cement kilns are reviewed. Using RDF as a secondary fuel is selected over other methods as it is more economical and environmentally friendly. An updated work plan outlines the remaining tasks of material balancing, energy balancing, design/cost estimation, and thesis writing through June.

2. USING RDF AS FUEL FOR NOX REDUCTION AND ENERGY
UTILIZATION IN CEMENT INDUSTRY
 Presented By
 Izaz ul haq
 Akbar Alam Khan
 Sher Bacha
 Advisor:
 Engr. Saira Bano

3. TABLE OF CONTENT
 Introduction
 Objective
 Task Accomplished
 Proposal Submission
 Literature Review
 Task Remaining
 Material Balance
 Energy Balance
 Designing of Reactor & Cost Estimation
 Environmental Issue
 Thesis Writing
 Updated Work Plan
 Q/A

4. INTRODUCTION
What is RDF ?
 RDF stands for refused derived fuel
 It is a kind of alternative solid fuel
 It is derived from recyclable materials municipal or industrial solid
wastes, such as plastics or from materials that are hard to recycle
after decomposing.

5. PROBLEM STATEMENT AND OBJECTIVE
Humans Affected by NOx?
 Small level NOx can cause
nausea, irritated eyes and/or nose
and shortness of breath .
 High level NOx can cause major
respiratory problems or even
death.
Environmental Problems by NOx?
 Helps form acid rain
 Effect growth of plants
 Combine with other pollutants to
form toxic chemicals
High cost of energy in cement
industry
NOx reduction
 By using RDF
Energy utilization
 Minimize energy cost using RDF
in cement industry
Problem statement objective

6. LITERATURE REVIEW
 Environmental and economic advantages associated with the use of
RDF in cement kilns Mustafa Kara TUBITAK MRC (Marmara
Research Center) Materials Institute, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
 Preservation of resources – lower use of fossil non-renewable fuel.
Perspectives for pilot scale study of RDF in Istanbul, Turkey Esin
Gunay a, Yasemin Tabak (Aug 2009)
 Perspectives and limits for cement kilns as a destination for RDF
G. Genon a, E. Brizio Torino, Italy(Jan 2008).

7. LITERATURE REVIEW(CONT)
 THE USAGE OF REFUSE DERIVED FUEL FROM URBAN
SOLIDWASTE IN CEMENT INDUSTRY AS AN ALTERNATIVE FUEL
TUBITAK MRC (Marmara Research Center) Material Institute
 THE CEMENT INDUSTRY IN EGYPT:
Challenges and innovative Cleaner Production solutions
Eng. Yasser Askar, M.Sc Technical and Institution support Department
Director Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA)
 Use of alternative fuels in the Polish cement industry
Eugeniusz Mokrzyckia a Mineral and Energy Economy Research
Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences,, Poland(2003).

8. PROCESS SELECTION
Different methods
 Selective catalytic reduction
 Selective non-catalytic reduction
 Using RDF as a secondary fuel
Process selected
Using RDF
Why???
 Economical
 Environmental friendly

9. UPDATED WORK PLAN
Activities
Sep (1-
3week)
Oct 30
( 7th week) Nov-Dec Jan Feb- March April
May-
June
Proposal
Submission
Literature review
Material Balance
Energy Balance
Designing And
Cost Estimation
Environmental
Issues
Thesis Writing and
Final Presentation