- Urinalysis is a noninvasive test that provides crucial information about kidney and systemic disorders. It evaluates conditions like acute and chronic kidney disease, monitors established diseases, and helps refine diagnoses.
- A urinalysis examines the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine, including color, odor, turbidity, specific gravity, pH, protein, glucose, hematuria, and the presence of cells, casts, and crystals.
- Abnormal findings on urinalysis can indicate issues like infection, kidney injury, glomerular disease, or nephrolithiasis which require further evaluation.
Renal papillary necrosis ( RPN)
• Definition
o Disorder of the kidneys in which all or part of the renal papillae die.
• Causes
Analgesic nephropathy
Diabetic nephropathy
Kidney infection (pyelonephritis)
Sickle cell anemia (common cause of RPN in children)
Urinary tract obstruction
Renal tuberculosis
Renal vein thrombosis
Kidney transplant rejection
• Symptoms
Dysuria, painful urination.
Fever and chills.
Hematuria, macroscopic or microscopic.
Nocturia, frequent urination at night.
Pyuria, unusually high amount of white blood cells in urine.
Severe flank pain on either side of your back.
Urinary tract infections.
• Diagnosis
Urography involves an X-ray, CT scan or MRI of kidneys. (Radiologic findings include an irregular papillary tip; dilated calyceal fornix; extension of contrast material into the parenchyma; and a separated crescent-shaped papilla surrounded by contrast, called the ring sign
Ureteroscopy
Kidney biopsy
Kidney function tests
Urinalysis red blood cells and broken-off pieces of renal papillae
• Complications:
Kidney infection
Kidney stones
Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
Transitional cell cancer of the kidney or ureter.
• Prevention
Controlling diabetes or sickle cell anemia.
Use only the recommended dose of analgesic
• Treatment
There is no specific treatment for renal papillary necrosis.
Treatment depends on the cause.
Renal papillary necrosis ( RPN)
• Definition
o Disorder of the kidneys in which all or part of the renal papillae die.
• Causes
Analgesic nephropathy
Diabetic nephropathy
Kidney infection (pyelonephritis)
Sickle cell anemia (common cause of RPN in children)
Urinary tract obstruction
Renal tuberculosis
Renal vein thrombosis
Kidney transplant rejection
• Symptoms
Dysuria, painful urination.
Fever and chills.
Hematuria, macroscopic or microscopic.
Nocturia, frequent urination at night.
Pyuria, unusually high amount of white blood cells in urine.
Severe flank pain on either side of your back.
Urinary tract infections.
• Diagnosis
Urography involves an X-ray, CT scan or MRI of kidneys. (Radiologic findings include an irregular papillary tip; dilated calyceal fornix; extension of contrast material into the parenchyma; and a separated crescent-shaped papilla surrounded by contrast, called the ring sign
Ureteroscopy
Kidney biopsy
Kidney function tests
Urinalysis red blood cells and broken-off pieces of renal papillae
• Complications:
Kidney infection
Kidney stones
Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
Transitional cell cancer of the kidney or ureter.
• Prevention
Controlling diabetes or sickle cell anemia.
Use only the recommended dose of analgesic
• Treatment
There is no specific treatment for renal papillary necrosis.
Treatment depends on the cause.
Hematuria for undergraduates
this is a presentation i prepared for medical students about hematuria, hope u like it
for more urology resources visit:
www.uronotes2012.blogspot.com
a presentation about UTI. information from various textbooks and different journals and also from many peoples presentation is accumulated in this one file. i worked very hard for this project.
Hematuria is the presence of blood in a person’s urine. The two types of hematuria are
gross hematuria—when a person can see the blood in his or her urine
microscopic hematuria—when a person cannot see the blood in his or her urine, yet it is seen under a microscope
A simplified description of ascitic fluid analysis. Aim of the presentation is to give a very clear understanding about the analysis of ascities.
Presentation will help the medical residents diagnose the cause of fluid accumulation in abdomen and thus will guide to adopt the appropriate pathway to solve the issue.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Renal diseases may be discovered accidentally during routine urinalysis. This study was done to find out the significance of urinalysis and study the magnitude of abnormal urinalysis in healthy adults with no symptoms of renal disease. In our set up routine urine analysis should be performed in all subjects to identify the presence of unrecognized renal disease which may benefit from simple therapeutic measures. Because of simplicity, routine urine analysis is the best way in early detection of most frequent conditions like proteinuria, haematuria, pyuria and glycosuria. This is useful in selecting asymptomatic patients with renal disease who may benefit from early treatment or who requires long term follow up. Material and Methods: Healthy subjects between age group of 20 and 55 years of age were screened for routine urine analysis in rural health area by conducting health camp periodically during from May 2012 to April 2013. A total of 1000 fresh morning samples of urine of the subjects attending routine health check up were collected and analyzed by Dipstick method with the help of pathology and health personnel staff. Results: There were 650 males and 350 females. The age ranged from 20 to 55 years. We found urine abnormalities in total 19.7% cases. Proteinuria was present in 2.6% (26 subjects), hematuria in 5.2% (52 subjects), pyuria in 9.9% (99 subjects) and glycosuria in 2% (20 subjects). The study concludes that in our setup routine urine analysis should be performed in all healthy subjects to identify the presence of unrecognized renal diseases which may benefit from simple therapeutic measures. The urinalysis is a frequently used tool in primary care, and abnormal finding is a step to moniter and evaluation of the cause of the disease.
Hematuria for undergraduates
this is a presentation i prepared for medical students about hematuria, hope u like it
for more urology resources visit:
www.uronotes2012.blogspot.com
a presentation about UTI. information from various textbooks and different journals and also from many peoples presentation is accumulated in this one file. i worked very hard for this project.
Hematuria is the presence of blood in a person’s urine. The two types of hematuria are
gross hematuria—when a person can see the blood in his or her urine
microscopic hematuria—when a person cannot see the blood in his or her urine, yet it is seen under a microscope
A simplified description of ascitic fluid analysis. Aim of the presentation is to give a very clear understanding about the analysis of ascities.
Presentation will help the medical residents diagnose the cause of fluid accumulation in abdomen and thus will guide to adopt the appropriate pathway to solve the issue.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Renal diseases may be discovered accidentally during routine urinalysis. This study was done to find out the significance of urinalysis and study the magnitude of abnormal urinalysis in healthy adults with no symptoms of renal disease. In our set up routine urine analysis should be performed in all subjects to identify the presence of unrecognized renal disease which may benefit from simple therapeutic measures. Because of simplicity, routine urine analysis is the best way in early detection of most frequent conditions like proteinuria, haematuria, pyuria and glycosuria. This is useful in selecting asymptomatic patients with renal disease who may benefit from early treatment or who requires long term follow up. Material and Methods: Healthy subjects between age group of 20 and 55 years of age were screened for routine urine analysis in rural health area by conducting health camp periodically during from May 2012 to April 2013. A total of 1000 fresh morning samples of urine of the subjects attending routine health check up were collected and analyzed by Dipstick method with the help of pathology and health personnel staff. Results: There were 650 males and 350 females. The age ranged from 20 to 55 years. We found urine abnormalities in total 19.7% cases. Proteinuria was present in 2.6% (26 subjects), hematuria in 5.2% (52 subjects), pyuria in 9.9% (99 subjects) and glycosuria in 2% (20 subjects). The study concludes that in our setup routine urine analysis should be performed in all healthy subjects to identify the presence of unrecognized renal diseases which may benefit from simple therapeutic measures. The urinalysis is a frequently used tool in primary care, and abnormal finding is a step to moniter and evaluation of the cause of the disease.
Laboratory and diagnostic examination(urine analysis)anjalatchi
laboratory investigation like urine and stool test like meaning, type of test, interpretation nurses role in laboratory investigation collectin and transportation etc.
Analytical Study of Urine Samples for Epidemiology of Urinary Tract Infection...iosrphr_editor
The current study was carried out in District Abbottabad aimed to determine the common urinary
tract infections in local community to determine the epidemiology of significant diseases in asymptomatic patients
of renal disorder. In this study a total of 1000 urine samples were examined during 3rd February to 1st April 2015
from patients attending Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad by using dipstick and microscopic analysis of urine.
There were 638 females and 362 males patients examined during this period. The range of age groups is between
1.5 years to 80 years. Results of this study was reported as Pyuria 11%, Proteinuria 21.1%, Hematuria 10.4%,
Epithelial Cells 8.2%, pH 7.8 %, Granular casts 7.3%, Triple phosphate 6.6%, Calcium oxalate 6.4%, Glycosuria
6.3%, Bacteria 6.2% and mucous 4.1%. This study concludes that routing urinalysis should be performed for all
individuals to diagnose the asymptomatic diseases that will help in simple therapeutic measurements as urinalysis
is a simple step to determine the root of Urinary tract disorders.
A basic and worth information for diagnostic is urine microscopy. ideally it should be by the physician at his clinic to add and correlate diagnosis promptly. this will make physician confident in dealing with patients. it also help in follow up the consequences in some important glomerulopathies.
Nephrotic syndrome in Sickle Cell Disease of Western Odisha, India: A case re...inventionjournals
Sickle cell disease causes a distinct pattern of glomerular dysfunction. Subjects with sickle cell disease (SCD) are known to develop many potential functional and structural renal abnormalities. Glomerular hypertension and hyper filtration are thought to play a major role in the development of glomerular disease in subjects with SCD. We reported 5 unusual cases of sickle cell disease presenting as nephrotic syndrome. KEYWORDS- Nephrotic syndrome, sickle cell disease
Nephrotic syndrome in Sickle Cell Disease of Western Odisha, India: A case re...inventionjournals
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank Introduce New Co-Branded Credit Cardnickysharmasucks
The unveiling of the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card marks a notable milestone in the Indian financial landscape, showcasing a successful partnership between two leading institutions, Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank. This co-branded credit card not only offers users a plethora of benefits but also reflects a commitment to innovation and adaptation. With a focus on providing value-driven and customer-centric solutions, this launch represents more than just a new product—it signifies a step towards redefining the banking experience for millions. Promising convenience, rewards, and a touch of luxury in everyday financial transactions, this collaboration aims to cater to the evolving needs of customers and set new standards in the industry.
Currently pi network is not tradable on binance or any other exchange because we are still in the enclosed mainnet.
Right now the only way to sell pi coins is by trading with a verified merchant.
What is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone verified by pi network team and allowed to barter pi coins for goods and services.
Since pi network is not doing any pre-sale The only way exchanges like binance/huobi or crypto whales can get pi is by buying from miners. And a merchant stands in between the exchanges and the miners.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant. I and my friends has traded more than 6000pi coins successfully
Tele-gram
@Pi_vendor_247
Even tho Pi network is not listed on any exchange yet.
Buying/Selling or investing in pi network coins is highly possible through the help of vendors. You can buy from vendors[ buy directly from the pi network miners and resell it]. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
If you are looking for a pi coin investor. Then look no further because I have the right one he is a pi vendor (he buy and resell to whales in China). I met him on a crypto conference and ever since I and my friends have sold more than 10k pi coins to him And he bought all and still want more. I will drop his telegram handle below just send him a message.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchangeDOT TECH
Yes. Pi network coins can be exchanged but not on bitmart exchange. Because pi network is still in the enclosed mainnet. The only way pioneers are able to trade pi coins is by reselling the pi coins to pi verified merchants.
A verified merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell it to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
Empowering the Unbanked: The Vital Role of NBFCs in Promoting Financial Inclu...Vighnesh Shashtri
In India, financial inclusion remains a critical challenge, with a significant portion of the population still unbanked. Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) have emerged as key players in bridging this gap by providing financial services to those often overlooked by traditional banking institutions. This article delves into how NBFCs are fostering financial inclusion and empowering the unbanked.
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
Because the core team has announced that pi network will not be doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges like huobi, bitmart and hotbit can get pi is by buying from miners.
Now a merchant stands in between these exchanges and the miners. As a link to make transactions smooth. Because right now in the enclosed mainnet you can't sell pi coins your self. You need the help of a merchant,
i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
Exploring Abhay Bhutada’s Views After Poonawalla Fincorp’s Collaboration With...beulahfernandes8
The financial landscape in India has witnessed a significant development with the recent collaboration between Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank.
The launch of the co-branded credit card, the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card, marks a major milestone for both entities.
This strategic move aims to redefine and elevate the banking experience for customers.
what is the best method to sell pi coins in 2024DOT TECH
The best way to sell your pi coins safely is trading with an exchange..but since pi is not launched in any exchange, and second option is through a VERIFIED pi merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and pioneers and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive amounts before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade pi coins with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins in South Korea profitably.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network coins in South Korea or any other country, by finding a verified pi merchant
What is a verified pi merchant?
Since pi network is not launched yet on any exchange, the only way you can sell pi coins is by selling to a verified pi merchant, and this is because pi network is not launched yet on any exchange and no pre-sale or ico offerings Is done on pi.
Since there is no pre-sale, the only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners. So a pi merchant facilitates these transactions by acting as a bridge for both transactions.
How can i find a pi vendor/merchant?
Well for those who haven't traded with a pi merchant or who don't already have one. I will leave the telegram id of my personal pi merchant who i trade pi with.
Tele gram: @Pi_vendor_247
#pi #sell #nigeria #pinetwork #picoins #sellpi #Nigerian #tradepi #pinetworkcoins #sellmypi