This document provides an overview of Beijing, China, including its history, geography, demographics, transportation systems, and modern development. It discusses Beijing's origins as a frontier town and eventual capital city. Key highlights of ancient Beijing described include the Forbidden City, city walls, temples, and traditional courtyard housing layout. The document also outlines efforts to conserve Beijing's historical and cultural areas while continuing modern development.

1. Beijing
--A Historical and Cultural City With Great Beauty
Liu Jing & Li Shuang
Beijing Municipal Commission of Urban Planning
2016-Jun-15th

2. Beijing in China
Beijing stands in the north of the North
China Plain.
There are mountains in west and north
of the city, and to the east is Bohai Sea.
So Beijing is just like a gulf.
In ancient time, Beijing was a city
mixed with Agriculture Civilization and
Nomadic Cultures.
Now, Beijing is the Capital city of The
People's Republic of China. It is
Political, Cultural, International
communication, Science and
Technology Innovation Centre.

3. General Information of Beijing
Area: Total area of Beijing is 16,410
square kilometers. Almost 62% is
Mountain Area. Core area including
Dongcheng and Xicheng District is
92.4 square kilometers.
Districts:16
Population: Beijing‘s permanent
population has exceeded 20 million
Economy: GDP of Beijing in 2015 is
2,297 billion yuan.

4. General Information of Beijing
Traffic Network
Road Network: composed of both ring
and radial roads. 6 Ring Roads, the
2nd Ring Road, at 33 km in length, and
the 6th Ring Road, 187.6 km in length.
Rail Transport: By now 17 lines are
already opened to the public with a
total mileage of 465 kilometers. And by
the year 2020, Beijing subway lines will
reach a total mileage of about
965kilometers.

5. Ancient Beijing
The Evolution of Beijing:
Beijing has 3000-year history as a city
and 863-year history as capital of
China. Frontier Town--Town of Military
Importance—Capital.
The Changes of Beijing’s Layout:
Liao Dynasty
Jin Dynasty
Yuan Dynasty
Ming Dynasty
Qing Dynasty

6. Characteristics of Old City Beijing
The city wall: 3 layers. Big Gate. Moats
Outer—7Gates
Inner—9 Gates
Royal---4 Gates
Beijing is a typical city constructed by a
master plan. It started from Yongding
Men Gate in the south, running through
the Zhengyang Men Gate, Tian’anmen
Square, cutting through the Forbidden
City, Jingshan Central Peak, and finally
reached the Drum tower and Bell
Tower. The total length was 7.8
kilometers.

7. Characteristics of Old City Beijing
The Forbidden City: It was built in 1406,
and the construction lasted for 15
years. During Ming and Qing Dynasties,
24 emperors had lived there. The
Forbidden City has an area of 720
thousand square meters and there are
8704 rooms remained in the Palace.
Six water bodies:South Sea and Middle
Sea with the area and buildings around
them Locates headquarter of the
Chinese Central Government, known
as the Zhong Nan Hai Political Centre.
Four famous temples.

8. Characteristics of Old City Beijing
The upper square-shaped part was the
inner city where the rich, the powerful
and the royal families lived. The street
layout of the inner city was just like a
chessboard. The lower rectangle area
was the outer city where the
commoners lived.
Courtyard Houses:
Gate, southeast coner
Screen Wall, private/evil spirits
Second Gate, first courtyard
Main house, Wing house, Back house.

9. Historical and cultural City Protection
In the whole city range, respect and
protect the landscape pattern, inherit
and expand the historical and cultural
spirit of the city.
Landscape Pattern
Landscape design of Mingle Qing Beijing

10. Historical and cultural City Protection
In the Old City range: the conservation
should be considered in a comprehensive
way, embracing 10 aspects:
1.Historical river and lake system
2.Traditional axis
3.Imperial city
4.The city walls in the old city in the
form of “凸”
5.Roads and alleys
6.Building height
7.Urban lanscape
8.Corresponding views at the street ends
9.Architectural color
10.Old and famous trees

11. Historical and cultural City Protection
In the Old City range: the conservation
should be considered in a comprehensive
way, embracing 10 aspects:
1.Historical river and lake system
2.Traditional axis
3.Imperial city
4.The city walls in the form of “凸”
5.Roads and alleys
6.Building height
7.Urban lanscape
8.Corresponding views at the street
ends
9.Architectural color
10.Old and famous trees

12. Historical and cultural City Protection
In the Old City range: the conservation
should be considered in a comprehensive
way, embracing 10 aspects:
9.Architectural color
10.Old and famous trees
Seoul as a historical and cultural city, has
done many great work and accumulated
rich experience. We believe that we can
learn and exchange relative experiences,
and will gain greatly during this project.
Common Residence
Gray, Green-gray
Royal Palace
Yellow, Golden

13. Modern Beijing
Modern Beijing developed from the
ancient City and become a active and
attractive place.
Eat in Beijing: Gather the whole
country and Local snacks
Fun in Beijing: Places of interest.
Houhai, Nanluoguxiang, Sanlitun.
Crosstalk, modern drama, tea taste…
Work in Beijing: CBD, Zhongguan
village, political center…

14. Modern Beijing
Beijing as a world-class metropolis is
suffering from some urban diseases,
such as air pollution, overpopulated,
traffic jam, and so on.
We are doing our best to cure and
protect the city we live, the city we
Love.