Seoul Urban Morphology
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Seoul, South Korea has over 2,000 years of history as a capital and cultural city along the Han River. It developed rapidly in the 20th century, experiencing issues from concentration in its city center after World War 2. Seoul addressed these issues by expanding roads, building new apartment complexes, and developing new areas like Yeouido Island. In recent decades, Seoul has focused on becoming a smart, sustainable city through urban renewal projects, improved infrastructure like subways, redeveloping the Han River, and preserving historical resources while improving quality of life. Seoul has transformed into a global city in just 50 years through rapid but planned development.
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The document summarizes the urban configuration, scale, typologies, and cultural influences of buildings in the colonial era of Georgetown, Prince of Wales Island between 1786-1941. It describes the original grid and axial layout established by Francis Light in 1792 that separated government, Chinese, and Malay settlements. Over time, the grid expanded and became more irregular as the city grew. The typologies of buildings reflected the functions and ethnic origins of residents, with shophouses, religious sites, and government buildings for the British, Chinese, Indian, and Malay communities. Cultural practices, like Feng Shui for the Chinese, influenced the urban design and placement of buildings.
DEGREE SEM 5 TALES OF 3 CITIES PROJECT 1A GEORGETOWN
The document summarizes the urban configuration, scale, typologies, and cultural influences of buildings in the colonial era of Georgetown, Prince of Wales Island between 1786-1941. It describes the original grid and axial layout established by Francis Light in 1792 that separated government, Chinese, and Malay settlements. Over time, the grid expanded and became more irregular as the city grew. The typologies of buildings reflected the functions and ethnic origins of residents, with shophouses, religious sites, and government buildings for the British, Chinese, Indian, and Malay communities. Cultural practices, like Fengshui for the Chinese, influenced the urban design and placement of buildings.
Industrial revolution
During the Industrial Revolution in Britain, new forms of transportation like canals, roads, and railways developed to transport goods more efficiently. This led factories and dense housing to cluster around transportation routes, creating unhealthy and overcrowded urban areas. Thinkers proposed utopian models to address these issues, including Robert Owen's planned industrial towns and J.S. Buckingham's proposals separating homes and factories with green space. Ebenezer Howard further developed the "Garden City" concept combining benefits of town and country life, with industry, commerce, and housing ringed by greenbelts. While utopian proposals aimed to improve living standards, most remained unbuilt and gridiron planning came to dominate expanding industrial cities.
Enbe final project proposal
This document provides an overview of an investigation and data collection on the ancient city of Mohenjo-daro in Pakistan from around 2600 BCE. It describes key features of Mohenjo-daro such as its sophisticated urban planning layout in a grid pattern, use of uniform baked and mud bricks to construct buildings, and significant architectural structures like the Great Bath, an early public water tank. The city was a major center of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization until it was abandoned around 1900 BCE, and it demonstrates an advanced level of civilization for its time period in many aspects of urban planning and civil engineering.
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The document provides information about the human settlement of Kyoto, Japan. It discusses Kyoto's location, topology, history, and urban development. Some key points:
- Kyoto is located in southern Kyoto Prefecture in Japan and has an area of 827.90km2.
- The city was originally established in 794 AD as Heian-kyo, the imperial capital of Japan, with a grid plan covering about 5km by 4.5km.
- Over time the city expanded beyond the original grid plan as people converted streets to housing. The internal structure of individual city blocks also evolved, eventually splitting into smaller sub-blocks.
- Today Kyoto has a population of
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History of Town Planning_Building and Town Planning
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Impact of renaissance & industrial revolution on city forms & Concepts of utopia
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DEGREE SEM 5 TALES OF 3 CITIES PROJECT 1A GEORGETOWN
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Seoul Urban Morphology
- 2. Seoul, South Korea • Capital of South Korea • Densest yet most developed city • Forefront of technological advancements • Capital of Korean peninsula for 600 years • Historic and cultural city with over 2000 years of history
- 3. • Since Paleolithic era along the Han River • Strategic area for residence, military, defense • The Summer Palace (1068 CE), the Kyongbok Palace (1392), the Changdok Palace (1405), Toksu Palace (late 15th century) • Construction of the city’s defensive walls before palace • Capital during Joseon Dynasty in 1394
- 4. • Since Paleolithic era along the Han River • Strategic area for residence, military, defense • The Summer Palace (1068 CE), the Kyongbok Palace (1392), the Changdok Palace (1405), Toksu Palace (late 15th century) • Construction of the city’s defensive walls before palace • Capital during Joseon Dynasty in 1394
- 5. • Center of the Hermits Kingdom • Diplomatic contacts with the west 1876 • Choson dynasty unable to control western influence
- 6. • 1900: Opening of port, electrical facilities, railroads, roads, schools, hospitals, waterworks systems • 1905: Japanese occupation • 1945: End of Japanese colonialism • 1950: The Korean War broke out, division, damaged Seoul's identity and form gravely
- 7. Seoul’s contemporary development can be divided largely into three phases. Urban foundation (1960 - 1980) Growing City (1980-2000) Smart & Sustainable City (2000 - present)
- 8. • 1960: post war restoration and development • 1970: due to excessive concentration in the city center, decided to disperse city core function and population to the outskirts of the city • 1960s - 1970s, experienced serious urban issues • To resolve these issues • expanding roads • building apartment complexes in illegal settlement areas • Built the Cheonggye Overpass and Yeouido Island. Urban foundation (1960 - 1980)
- 9. • 1960: post war restoration and development • 1970: due to excessive concentration in the city center, decided to disperse city core function and population to the outskirts of the city • 1960s - 1970s, experienced serious urban issues • To resolve these issues • expanding roads • building apartment complexes in illegal settlement areas • Built the Cheonggye Overpass and Yeouido Island. Urban foundation (1960 - 1980)
- 10. • series of active urban improvement and city beautification policies • renewal projects, too systematically redevelop town again • Hosted various international events • high-standard urban infrastructure network • public transportation, roads, waterworks • sewage systems. • opened subway lines • development plan for the Han River • large-scale apartment complexes to respond to the explosive increase in housing • the relentless development also produced some serious side effects • destruction of the natural environment • damage to historical resources • breakdown of communities. Growing City (1980 - 2000)
- 11. • creating environmental and pedestrian friendly spaces • value of history and culture is re illuminated • quality of life and urban innovations • Smart city • development of Informational Technology • towards creating a sustainable city with advanced IT. • improved quality of life • Urban improvement • River rehabilitation • Public transportation • Historic preservation Smart & Sustainable City (2000 - present)
- 12. Cheonggyecheon Restoration • Place for People and Activity • Cultural Assets and Green (Pedestrian) Network
- 13. • Seoul advanced to become a global megalopolis in just half a century. It advance into a smart city where 10 million people live comfortably just in 50 years.
- 14. • 270,000 people per year (22,000 people per month) for 3 decades, 1960-1990
- 16. • URBAN FABRIC COMPARISION