The document discusses the origins and development of Gothic art from the 12th century, including how it emerged alongside growing cities and trade guilds in medieval Europe. Key aspects of Gothic art covered include its prominent use of sculpture, stained glass, and monumental cathedrals, as well as how banking systems evolved alongside increased commerce and the rise of new social classes at this time. Examples are given of elements commonly found in Gothic cathedrals and a book highlighting the building of one is mentioned.

2. i
Origin
The Urban Growth
The Guilds
The Development of Trade
The Appearance of Banking
Elements of Gothic Art
Examples of Gothic Cathedrals
Current Example of this Task

3. i
• Gothic art was a Medieval Art movement that developed in France in
the mid-12th century, led by the concurrent development of Gothic
architecture. It spread to all of Western Europe.
• Primary media in the Gothic period included sculpture, panel
painting, stained glass, fresco and illuminated manuscript.
• The earliest Gothic art was monumental sculpture, on the walls of
Cathedrals and churches. Christian art was often typological in nature:
the New Testament, the Old Testament, Saints' lives, Virgin Mary,...
• Secular art came during this period with the rise of cities, foundation
of universities, increase in trade, the establishment of a money-based
economy and the creation of a bourgeois class who could pay to
patronize the arts and workers.
• With the growth of cities, trade guilds were formed. Artists were often
required to be members of a painters’ guild. More artists are known
because they signed their names.

4. The urban growth
• Europe became more
prosperous because
agricultural production started
to increase from the 12th
century.
• Food production increased
and there was less hunger.
Then, there was a population
increase.
• New farming techniques
resulted in less work for
people. Many peasants had to
migrate to cities to find work.
• Peasants found a better life
because they were free.

5. • Some old cities were bring
around. New cities set up,
often near a castle or
monastery, at crossroads
or on a trade route.
• Different kinds of people
lived in cities: rich
merchants who governed
the city; craftsmen,
shopkeepers; poor people
who did not have a job.
Groups of jews who lived
in Jewish quarters or
Moorish quarters on
Iberian Peninsula.
• Each city had its own
government, the city
council which was led by
a major.

6. • Population increased and then
they needed clothes and objects i
made of wood and metal. So,
craftsmen grew.
• Craftsmen of the same profession
lived in the same street.
• All skilled workers joined a guild
which had its own statute, where
there were members’ rights and
obligations.
• Guilds controlled: production, raw
materials, number of workers,
prices,...
• Their structure was: masters,
apprentices and oficials. They had
to pass an exam if they wanted to
get a higher post.
• Guilds took care their members
and their families. Also, they built
hospitals. Anyone needed to
belong to a guild if he wanted to
trade.

7. i
• There was an evolution and
improvement of the land routes.
• The enhancement of sea routes and
trade ships did a better navigation.
• The birth of a new social class:
bourgeois, which did not have to
obbey lords.
• Consequently, cities did not offer
all the products that bourgeois
needed. Then, luxury goods were
obtained through trade.
• Merchandises were transported by
land, river and sea. The two
remarkable sea routes were:
Mediterranean and Atlantic-Baltic.
• Some imported items were:
perfumes, silks, spices,...
Some exported goods were:
wheat, wine, tins, weapons,...

8. i
• Consequently, banking came to
light due to the development of
trade and the fixing of
international fairs every year.
• WHY DID BANKING
APPEAR? Money was
necessary apart from barter.
Banking was an economy’s
instrument.
• People related to this work were:
- Bourgeois: They lent
money to noblemen.
- Moneylenders: among
them, Jews were important.
• Banking techniques changed and
new financial methods were
developed.
- Payment by credit
- Bills of exchange

9. Steeple Pinacle
Flying
Buttress
Rose
window Side
Door
Tympanum

10. • Pointed arches and rib
vaults were used.
• There was stained
glass on the walls.
• Gothic cathedrals were
high and lighter
because they were a
symbol of reaching
heaven.
• The grown plant was
the latin cross.
• The Gothic cathedrals
were a sign of
prestige.

13. i
• This book was written
by Ken Follet. Its
story is about the
building of a Gothic
cathedral in the
Middle Ages.
• There is a film based
on this novel.
• Both of them have
been well received by
the critics.