The document discusses population trends in the United Kingdom. It states that the UK has experienced high birth rates and low death rates due to advances in medicine and living standards. The working age population between 25-49 is increasing as people seek jobs, and life expectancy is higher for women than men by a small margin. Currently the UK has slow population growth alongside issues like labor shortages and higher costs for pensions, healthcare, and education due to an aging population, though immigration contributes to continued overall growth.