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Unit1_Need_for_LPVLSI-1.pptx...................................
- 1. Established as perthe Section 2(f) of the UGC Act, 1956 Approved by AICTE, COA and BCI, New Delhi Need For Low Power VLSI Design S c h o o l o f E C E Prameela.n@reva.edu.in D r. P ra m e e l a K u m a r i N
- 2. KEY LEARNINGS 1. Needof VLSI circuits operating with low power 2. Key factors that influence Low Power VLSI Design
- 3. HISTORY • The FirstTransistor was fabricated by William Shockley in 1947 • The First Integrated Circuit was fabricated by Jack Kelby in 1959 • Hardly there were few tens of transistors in it…….. • Technology Advanced – Number of Transistors accommodated on a single IC slowly increased… • Figure Of Merit – Performance • Area • Processing Power or Circuit Operational Speed
- 4. MOORES LAW Gordon Moorethe CEO and Co-founder of INTEL made an observation on the IC technology growth, which later became a LAW in the year 1965 • Number of Transistors doubles every 18 months
- 5. IMPACT ON THEIC COST • As the number of transistors doubles every 18 months • Device density is also expected to increase by 10 fold for every 7 years – Area is a major concern • Increased Packaging cost • Reduced fabrication yield
- 6. FACTORS INFLUENCING LOWPOWER VLSI DESIGN Technology advancement as per MOORE’s prediction Increased demand for Portable Devices Battery Power High Performance Computing Reducing the Total Energy Consumption
- 7. TECHNOLOGY ADVANCEMENT ASPER MOORE’S PREDICTION • To accommodate the rate of transistor doubling every 18 months, die size needs to be increased by 14%
- 8. TECHNOLOGY ADVANCEMENT ASPER MOORE’S PREDICTION • Frequency of Operation doubles every 2 years
- 9. Drastic increase inPower Density of ICs TECHNOLOGY ADVANCEMENT AS PER MOORE’S PREDICTION
- 10. • First PortableDevice was invented in 1981 • Began the era of Battery Operated Devices • Need for – Smaller – Lighter – Durable Electronic Products INCREASED DEMAND FOR PORTABLE DEVICES
- 11. • Heaviest andBiggest component in a portable system • Specific Weight – Stored Energy per unit weight – Barely doubles in several years – Safety Concerns • Energy density is approaching that of explosive chemicals BATTERY LIFE
- 12. HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTINGSYSTEMS • Rocket Design, Nuclear reactors – Characterized by enormous power dissipation • 80 to 100watts – Direct impact on Packaging cost – Cooling cost of the IC
- 13. • Electrical Energyis a major source of Air Pollution • Inefficient energy usage in computing equipment indirectly contributes to environmental pollution TOTAL ENERGY USAGE
- 14. • Understood aboutthe need for designing VLSI circuits operating with low power • Grasped an overall idea about the key factors that influence Low Power VLSI Design OUTCOMES
- 15.