This document discusses health, illness, and advances in medicine. It describes how diseases can be infectious, caused by pathogens like bacteria and viruses, or non-infectious, not caused by organisms. Infectious diseases like tetanus, salmonellosis, and colds are transmitted through the nose, mouth or mosquito bites. Non-infectious diseases include allergies, asthma, cancer, and diabetes. The document provides tips for staying healthy such as eating nutritious meals, getting exercise, sleeping, hygiene, and prevention. It also outlines some major advances in medicine including vaccines, antibiotics, x-rays, scans, and new surgical techniques.

1. HEALTH AND ILLNESS
Alberto Serna Ramírez
5º de Primaria
Tema 3

2. DISEASES AND ILLNESS
Harmful organisms called pathogens, are bacteria and viruses. Other
microorganisms are fungi and protists.
Some harmful bacteria cause diseases. Examples : tetanus, salmonellosis, and
conjuntivitis.
Some viruses cause diseases in humans. Examples: colds, papilloma, the flu and
chikenpox.
An infectious disease is considered contagious. If it is transmitted to another
person. The pathogens usually enter the body through the nose and mouth.
Salmonella is transmitted to humans through contaminated food, eggs and
chicken.
Malaria transmitted through the bite of the Anopheles mosquito.
The body reacts with natural defences , white blood cells.

3. NON INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Non infectious diseases are not caused by organisms, and therefore cannot be spread
from person to person.
ALLERGY: is a reaction that same people have, when you touch pollen, animal hair,
antibiotics or certain food.
ASTHMA: which makes breathing very difficult.
CANCER: the body s cells begin to develop in a different way and grow.
DIABETES: when have got sugar and you need insulin.
When you eating very fast food, we have problems and heart disease.

4. Tips to stay healthy
EAT HEALTHY: eat five times a day, three meals breakfast, lunch, dinner. Two snacks (fruit…)
* Avoid sugary foods and drink two liters of water.
DO EXERCISE: exercise makes our muscles stronger, including our heart.
SLEEP ENOUGH: when i sleep can repair itself and grow. Sleep 10 hours every night.
KEEP CLEAN: we wash our body, we wash your hands to remove the bacteria. We also need
to remove plaque from our teeth.
PREVETION IS BETTER THAN CURE: regular check ups and vaccinations will protect you
from certain diseases
GAME OVER: when you play video games console seven hours the brain don ´t think and
doing exercise will benefic your body.
SAY NO ! : drugs are alcohol and tobacco. Cause serious health problems. Alcohol can affect
your brain and smoking and stop growing. Cigarettes to people under 18.

5. ADVANCES IN MEDICINE
• 1798 vaccines, were discovered EDWAR JENNER.
• 1818 LOUIS PASTEUR created the first vaccinate.
DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT
X RAY PENICILLIN ALEXANDER FLEMING
SCAN ANTIBIOTICS
BLOOD TEST
NEW TECHNIQUES IN SURGERY
anaesthesia pacemaker
Microsurgery organ transplant
Keyhole test tube baby
Surgery clone
Blood transfusion human genome
Insulin