b

1. Unit 3 HEALTH AND DISEASE SUMMARY
1
HEALTH
DISEASE
Vs.
It is a state of
complete physical,
mental and social
well-being.
It is the lack of
health.
They can be…
INFECTIOUS
NON-INFECTIOUS
Caused by pathogens /
microbes (harmful
organisms, like viruses
and bacteria)
VIRUSES BACTERIA
They cause diseases like:
· Colds
· Measles
· Chicken pox
· Flu
· AIDS
They cause diseases
like:
· Tetanus
· Salmonellosis
· Pneumonia
They are contagious, which
means that they can be
transmitted from person to
person through the air or body
fluids.
They are contagious if they can be
transmitted from person to person
through the air or body fluids.
They attack the organism, which reacts causing fever,
inflammation, chills and other symptoms.
They are treated with
antibiotics and
antivirals
Caused by the environment,
genetics, vitamin deficiency
or organ malfunctions
Not contagious
Mental diseases, such as
depression, or Alzheimer’s disease
affect the nervous system.
Unhealthy lyfestyle and fast food
can cause weight problems and
heart disease.
Allergy: reaction that some people
have when they come into
contact with substances such as
dust, pollen, animal hair,
antibiotics or certain food. (hay
fever, nut allergy, asthma)
Cancer: the body’s cells begin to
develop in a different way and
grow uncontrollably damaging
the normal cells.
Diabetes: high amounts of sugar
within the bloodstream. Most
diabetic patients take insulin to
keep their blood sugar level
under control.

2. Unit 3 HEALTH AND DISEASE SUMMARY
2
THINGS TO DO IF YOU WANT
TO STAY HEALTHY
SAY NO!: drugs and alcohol can
cause serious problems in your
brain and other organs.
PREVENTION: regular check-ups
and vaccinations will protect you
from certain diseases.
EAT HEALTHY: get all the
nutrients with five healthy meals
a day.
Fruit is better than sweets!!!
DO EXERCISE: it makes
your muscles (and your
heart) stronger
GAME OVER: play
videogames for short
periods to avoid them
hurting you.
KEEP CLEAN: when you wash
your body you remove bacteria
away from it!!
SLEEP ENOUGH: you should sleep
11hours a day so your brain
develops and your body repairs
itself.

3. Unit 3 HEALTH AND DISEASE SUMMARY
3
ADVANCES IN MEDICINE
DIAGNOSIS OF ILLNESSES (It is the
act of identifying an inllness
based on symptoms and tests. (x
– rays, blood and urine tests,
scans , ...)
PREVENTION OF ILLNESSES: VACCINATION ( a
vaccine is a dose of the weakened virus or
bacteria which stimulates the white blood cells
to make antibodies. Vaccines were discovered
by Edwar Jenner in 1798. Pasteur created the
first vaccine in a lab in 1818)
OTHER ADVANCES IN
MEDICINE (bllod
transfusion, insulin,
pacemaker, organ
transplant, test-tube
baby, first animal
clone, human genome)
TREATMENT OF
ILLNESSES (1928 –
penicillin – Alexander
Fleming. Antibiotics)
NEW TECHNIQUES IN SURGERY
(anaesthesia, microsurgery,
keyhole surgery)