The theory of comparative advantage, first developed by English economist David Ricardo in 1817, is a theory about the potential gains from trade for companies, countries or people that arise on account of differences in factor endowments or technological progress.
The theory of comparative advantage, first developed by English economist David Ricardo in 1817, is a theory about the potential gains from trade for companies, countries or people that arise on account of differences in factor endowments or technological progress.
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024 - Ricerca sulle Startup e il Sistema dell'Innov...Quotidiano Piemontese
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024
Una ricerca de il Club degli Investitori, in collaborazione con ToTeM Torino Tech Map e con il supporto della ESCP Business School e di Growth Capital
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
Introduction to Indian Financial System ()Avanish Goel
The financial system of a country is an important tool for economic development of the country, as it helps in creation of wealth by linking savings with investments.
It facilitates the flow of funds form the households (savers) to business firms (investors) to aid in wealth creation and development of both the parties
how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchangeDOT TECH
Yes. Pi network coins can be exchanged but not on bitmart exchange. Because pi network is still in the enclosed mainnet. The only way pioneers are able to trade pi coins is by reselling the pi coins to pi verified merchants.
A verified merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell it to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
If you are looking for a pi coin investor. Then look no further because I have the right one he is a pi vendor (he buy and resell to whales in China). I met him on a crypto conference and ever since I and my friends have sold more than 10k pi coins to him And he bought all and still want more. I will drop his telegram handle below just send him a message.
@Pi_vendor_247
Empowering the Unbanked: The Vital Role of NBFCs in Promoting Financial Inclu...Vighnesh Shashtri
In India, financial inclusion remains a critical challenge, with a significant portion of the population still unbanked. Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) have emerged as key players in bridging this gap by providing financial services to those often overlooked by traditional banking institutions. This article delves into how NBFCs are fostering financial inclusion and empowering the unbanked.
what is the best method to sell pi coins in 2024DOT TECH
The best way to sell your pi coins safely is trading with an exchange..but since pi is not launched in any exchange, and second option is through a VERIFIED pi merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and pioneers and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive amounts before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade pi coins with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins in all Africa Countries.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network for other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, usdt , Ethereum and other currencies And this is done easily with the help from a pi merchant.
What is a pi merchant ?
Since pi is not launched yet in any exchange. The only way you can sell right now is through merchants.
A verified Pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins from miners and resell them to investors looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank Introduce New Co-Branded Credit Cardnickysharmasucks
The unveiling of the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card marks a notable milestone in the Indian financial landscape, showcasing a successful partnership between two leading institutions, Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank. This co-branded credit card not only offers users a plethora of benefits but also reflects a commitment to innovation and adaptation. With a focus on providing value-driven and customer-centric solutions, this launch represents more than just a new product—it signifies a step towards redefining the banking experience for millions. Promising convenience, rewards, and a touch of luxury in everyday financial transactions, this collaboration aims to cater to the evolving needs of customers and set new standards in the industry.
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
how to sell pi coins in South Korea profitably.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network coins in South Korea or any other country, by finding a verified pi merchant
What is a verified pi merchant?
Since pi network is not launched yet on any exchange, the only way you can sell pi coins is by selling to a verified pi merchant, and this is because pi network is not launched yet on any exchange and no pre-sale or ico offerings Is done on pi.
Since there is no pre-sale, the only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners. So a pi merchant facilitates these transactions by acting as a bridge for both transactions.
How can i find a pi vendor/merchant?
Well for those who haven't traded with a pi merchant or who don't already have one. I will leave the telegram id of my personal pi merchant who i trade pi with.
Tele gram: @Pi_vendor_247
#pi #sell #nigeria #pinetwork #picoins #sellpi #Nigerian #tradepi #pinetworkcoins #sellmypi
What website can I sell pi coins securely.DOT TECH
Currently there are no website or exchange that allow buying or selling of pi coins..
But you can still easily sell pi coins, by reselling it to exchanges/crypto whales interested in holding thousands of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell to these crypto whales and holders of pi..
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners and pi merchants stands in between the miners and the exchanges.
How can I sell my pi coins?
Selling pi coins is really easy, but first you need to migrate to mainnet wallet before you can do that. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
Tele-gram.
@Pi_vendor_247
1. Branch - MBA
International Business Management
DR. APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
By
Dr. B. B.Tiwari
Professor
Department of Management
Shri Ramswaroop Memorial Group of Professional Colleges, Lucknow
Unit-2: Lecture – 4
International Trade Theories:
Factor Endowment Theory
2. Origin of the theory:
Introduction•The theory was developed by the Swedish economist Bertil Ohlin (1899–
1979) on the basis of work by his teacher the Swedish economist Eli Filip
Heckscher (1879–1952).
•In recognition of his ideas as described in his path-breaking book,
“Interregional and International Trade” (1933), For his work on the
theory, Ohlin was awarded the Nobel Prize for Economics (the Sveriges
Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel) in 1977.
•Ohlin served as head of the Liberal Party in Sweden from 1944 to 1967.
He was a member of the Riksdag (parliament) from 1938 to 1970 and was
minister of commerce (1944–45) in Sweden’s wartime government.
3. The Heckscher-Ohlin Theorem
Definition:
A nation will export the commodity whose production requires the
intensive use of the nation’s relatively abundant and cheap factor and
import the commodity whose production requires the intensive use of
the nation’s relatively scare and expensive factor.
Or: the relatively labor-rich nation exports the relatively labor-intensive
commodity and imports the relatively capital -intensive commodity.
This means that Nation 1 exports X because X is the L-intensive
commodity and L is relatively abundant and cheap factor in Nation 1.
4. Assumptions of the
TheoryA. The Assumptions
1) Thereare two nations(1&2), two commodities (X&Y),
twofactors of production (labor & capital).
Used to illustrate the theory in a two-dimensional figure.
2) Both nations use the same technology in production.
Means both nations have access to and use
the same general production techniques.
3) Commodity X is labor intensive and Y is capital intensive in
both nations.
Means the labor-capital ratio (L/K) is higher for X than Y in both
nations at the same relative factor prices.
5. 4) Both commodities are produced under constant returns
to scale in
both nations.
Means that increasing the amount of L and K will increase
output in the same proportion
5) There is incomplete specialization in production in both
nations.
Means that even with free trade both nations continue to
produce both commodities. This implies neither nation is very
small.
6) Tastes are equal in both nations.
Cont….
.
6. Cont….
.7) There is perfect competition in both
commodities and factor markets in both nations.
•Means that producers, consumers, and traders of X&Y in both
nations are each too small to affect prices of commodities. Also,
in the L-R commodity prices equal their costs, leaving no
economic profit.
8) There is perfect factor mobility within each nation but no
international factor mobility.
•Means K&L are free to move from areas and industries of lower
earnings to those of higher earnings until earnings are the same
in all areas, uses and industries of the nation. International
differences in earnings persist due to zero international factor
mobility in the absence of international trade.
7. 9) There are no transportation costs, tariffs, or other
obstructions to the free flow of international trade.
Means specialization in production proceeds until relative (and
absolute) commodity prices are the same in both nations with
trade. If transportation costs and tariffs were allowed,
specialization would proceed only until prices differed by no
more than the costs and tariffs on each until of the commodity
traded.
10)All resources are fully employed in both nations.
Means there are no unemployed resources in either nation.
11) International trade between the two nations is balanced.
Means that the total value of each nation’s exports equals the
Cont….
.
8. Comment
On the basis of these assumes, the Heckscher-Ohlin
theorem predicted that the capital surplus country
specializes in the production and exports of capital intensive
goods, and the labor surplus country specialize in the
production and exports of labor intensive goods.
9. Factor Intensity, Factor Abundance,
and the Shape of the Production
Frontier (PF)Factor Intensity:
In a world of 2 commodities and 2 factors, Y is capital intensive
if its (K/L) is greater than (K/L) of X.
If production of Y requires 2K and 2L, then K/L=1.
If production of X requires 1K and 4L, then K/L=1/4.
We say that Y is K intensive and X is L intensive.
Measuring K and L intensity depends on K/L
rather than the absolute amount of K and L.
In the figure (On next slide), Nation 1 can produce 1Y using 2K-
2L, and 2Y using 4K-4L. Thus, K/L=1, this gives the slope of Y
in Nation 1.
10. FIGURE : Factor Intensities for Commodities X and Y
in Nations 1 and 2.
Nation 1 can produce 1X using 1K-4L, and 2X using 2K-8L. Thus,
K/L=1/4, this gives the slope of the ray of X in Nation 1.
In Nation 2, K/L=4 for Y and 1 for X.
11. Explanation:
Therefore, Y is the K-intensive commodity, and X is the L-
intensive in Nation 2 also. This is shown by the fact that the
ray from the origin for good Y is steeper than that of X in
both nations.
Even though Y is K-intensive relative to X in both nations,
Nation 2 uses a higher K/L than Nation 1.
For Y, K/L=4 in Nation 2 but K/L=1 in Nation 1.
For X, K/L=1 in Nation 2 but K/L=1/4 in Nation 1.
12. Factor Abundance and the Shape of the
Production Frontier
Since Nation 2 is K-abundant and
Y is K-intensive, Nation 2 can
produce relatively
more of Y than Nation 1.
Since Nation 1 is L-abundant
and X is L-intensive, Nation 1
can produce relatively more of
X than Nation 2.
This gives a production frontier
for Nation
1 that is relatively flatter and wider
that that of Nation 2.
The Shape of the Production Frontiers of
Nation 1 and Nation 2.