The document discusses software engineering and the software development life cycle. It describes the typical phases of software engineering including requirements specification, architectural design, detailed design, coding and testing, integration, and maintenance. It also discusses verification and validation activities to ensure the software meets specifications and requirements. Prototyping techniques are discussed as part of an iterative design process to overcome issues with incomplete requirements gathering.
The document discusses software test automation. It defines software test automation as activities that aim to automate tasks in the software testing process using well-defined strategies. The objectives of test automation are to free engineers from manual testing, speed up testing, reduce costs and time, and improve quality. Test automation can be done at the enterprise, product, or project level. There are four levels of test automation maturity: initial, repeatable, automatic, and optimal. Essential needs for successful automation include commitment, resources, and skilled engineers. The scope of automation includes functional and performance testing. Functional testing is well-suited for automation of regression testing. Performance testing requires automation to effectively test load, stress, and other non-functional requirements
The document discusses 11 principles of software testing. It explains that a fault in code does not always produce a failure, as a failure only occurs when the software is unable to perform its required functions, while a fault is simply an error or defect in the code. It also discusses the roles of testers and how testing should be integrated into the software development lifecycle.
This document discusses different classes of defects that can occur during software development and testing. It identifies four main defect classes:
1. Requirement/specification defects that occur early in ambiguous, incomplete, or contradictory requirements documents.
2. Design defects that happen when system components or their interactions are incorrectly designed, such as flaws in algorithms, control logic, or interface descriptions.
3. Coding defects resulting from errors implementing code, including issues with algorithms, control structures, data types, interfaces, and documentation.
4. Testing defects in test harnesses, cases, and procedures that could lead to incorrect or incomplete testing. The classes of defects guide strategies for test planning and design.
- Software testing is usually carried out at different levels including unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing.
- Unit testing focuses on testing individual software components in isolation. Integration testing checks for defects in component interactions. System testing evaluates attributes of the entire system like usability, reliability, and performance. Acceptance testing shows that software meets client requirements.
- Testing object-oriented software requires strategies to test components and their interactions, as well as issues like inheritance. Testing procedural code focuses on generating input data to pass to functions.
The document discusses various reports that are generated during and after software testing, including test logs, test incident reports, and test summary reports. A test log is a chronological record of all details related to executing tests, such as dates, names, descriptions of test procedures and results, environmental information, and anomalous events. A test incident report records any unexpected or unexplained events during testing that require follow-up, and includes a description of the incident and its impact. A test summary report provides an overview of the testing efforts and results and is part of the project's historical records. Proper reporting helps ensure test results are complete, prevent incorrect decisions, and support future testing activities like retesting and reuse.
The document discusses software testing terminology, principles, and phases. It defines errors, faults, failures, and their relationships. It also covers software quality metrics and attributes like correctness, reliability, and maintainability. Twelve principles of software testing are outlined around test planning, invalid/unexpected inputs, regression testing, and integrating testing into the development lifecycle. The phases of a software project are described as requirements gathering, planning, design, development, and testing.
The document discusses 11 principles of software testing. Principle 1 defines testing as exercising software with test cases to find defects and evaluate quality. Principle 2 states that good test cases have a high probability of finding undetected defects. Principle 3 stresses the importance of meticulously inspecting test results. The remaining principles address developing test cases for valid and invalid inputs, the relationship between detected defects and potential for additional defects, independence of testing from development, repeatability/reusability of tests, planning testing, integrating testing in the software lifecycle, and the creative and challenging nature of testing.
The document discusses software test automation. It defines software test automation as activities that aim to automate tasks in the software testing process using well-defined strategies. The objectives of test automation are to free engineers from manual testing, speed up testing, reduce costs and time, and improve quality. Test automation can be done at the enterprise, product, or project level. There are four levels of test automation maturity: initial, repeatable, automatic, and optimal. Essential needs for successful automation include commitment, resources, and skilled engineers. The scope of automation includes functional and performance testing. Functional testing is well-suited for automation of regression testing. Performance testing requires automation to effectively test load, stress, and other non-functional requirements
The document discusses 11 principles of software testing. It explains that a fault in code does not always produce a failure, as a failure only occurs when the software is unable to perform its required functions, while a fault is simply an error or defect in the code. It also discusses the roles of testers and how testing should be integrated into the software development lifecycle.
This document discusses different classes of defects that can occur during software development and testing. It identifies four main defect classes:
1. Requirement/specification defects that occur early in ambiguous, incomplete, or contradictory requirements documents.
2. Design defects that happen when system components or their interactions are incorrectly designed, such as flaws in algorithms, control logic, or interface descriptions.
3. Coding defects resulting from errors implementing code, including issues with algorithms, control structures, data types, interfaces, and documentation.
4. Testing defects in test harnesses, cases, and procedures that could lead to incorrect or incomplete testing. The classes of defects guide strategies for test planning and design.
- Software testing is usually carried out at different levels including unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing.
- Unit testing focuses on testing individual software components in isolation. Integration testing checks for defects in component interactions. System testing evaluates attributes of the entire system like usability, reliability, and performance. Acceptance testing shows that software meets client requirements.
- Testing object-oriented software requires strategies to test components and their interactions, as well as issues like inheritance. Testing procedural code focuses on generating input data to pass to functions.
The document discusses various reports that are generated during and after software testing, including test logs, test incident reports, and test summary reports. A test log is a chronological record of all details related to executing tests, such as dates, names, descriptions of test procedures and results, environmental information, and anomalous events. A test incident report records any unexpected or unexplained events during testing that require follow-up, and includes a description of the incident and its impact. A test summary report provides an overview of the testing efforts and results and is part of the project's historical records. Proper reporting helps ensure test results are complete, prevent incorrect decisions, and support future testing activities like retesting and reuse.
The document discusses software testing terminology, principles, and phases. It defines errors, faults, failures, and their relationships. It also covers software quality metrics and attributes like correctness, reliability, and maintainability. Twelve principles of software testing are outlined around test planning, invalid/unexpected inputs, regression testing, and integrating testing into the development lifecycle. The phases of a software project are described as requirements gathering, planning, design, development, and testing.
The document discusses 11 principles of software testing. Principle 1 defines testing as exercising software with test cases to find defects and evaluate quality. Principle 2 states that good test cases have a high probability of finding undetected defects. Principle 3 stresses the importance of meticulously inspecting test results. The remaining principles address developing test cases for valid and invalid inputs, the relationship between detected defects and potential for additional defects, independence of testing from development, repeatability/reusability of tests, planning testing, integrating testing in the software lifecycle, and the creative and challenging nature of testing.
The document discusses various aspects of software testing including definitions, principles, objectives, types and processes. It defines testing as "the process of executing a program with the intent of finding errors". The key principles discussed are that testing shows presence of bugs but not their absence, exhaustive testing is impossible, early testing is beneficial, and testing must be done by an independent party. The major types of testing covered are unit testing, integration testing and system testing.
The document discusses reporting test results in software testing. It states that a test log and test incident report are prepared during and after test execution. A test log records events during testing like execution details, procedure results, and anomalous events. A test incident report documents any unexpected or unexplainable incidents that require follow-up. It provides details like a summary, description, impact, and identifiers. A test summary report summarizes the overall testing results and forms part of a project's historical records.
Software testing involves verifying that software meets requirements and works as intended. There are various testing types including unit, integration, system, and acceptance testing. Testing methodologies include black box testing without viewing code and white box testing using internal knowledge. The goal is to find bugs early and ensure software reliability.
This document discusses software testing principles and concepts. It defines key terms like validation, verification, defects, failures, and metrics. It outlines 11 testing principles like testing being a creative task and test results needing meticulous inspection. The roles of testers are discussed in collaborating with other teams. Defect classes are defined at different stages and types of defects are provided. Quality factors, process maturity models, and defect prevention strategies are also summarized.
This document provides an overview of fundamentals of software testing. It discusses why testing is necessary, defines key terms like errors, defects and failures. It describes the context in which software is used and how defects can impact systems. The seven principles of testing and fundamental test process involving planning, analysis, implementation and reporting are explained. Psychological aspects of testing and principles of ethical code are also covered at a high level.
The 11-step software testing process follows a "V" model where the first five steps involve verifying interim deliverables and the last six steps involve validating the executable software. The 11 steps are: 1) assess development plan and status, 2) develop test plan, 3) test requirements, 4) test design, 5) test during programming, 6) execute and record results, 7) acceptance test, 8) report results, 9) test installation, 10) test software changes, and 11) evaluate test effectiveness. The process aims to validate and verify that the software meets requirements, works as expected, can be implemented consistently, and satisfies stakeholder needs.
Testing is the process of validating and verifying software to ensure it meets specifications and functions as intended. There are different levels of testing including unit, integration, system, and acceptance testing. An important part of testing is having a test plan that outlines the test strategy, cases, and process to be followed. Testing helps find defects so the product can be improved.
The document discusses strategies for software testing including:
1) Testing begins at the component level and works outward toward integration, with different techniques used at different stages.
2) A strategy provides a roadmap for testing including planning, design, execution, and evaluation.
3) The main stages of a strategy are unit testing, integration testing, validation testing, and system testing, with the scope broadening at each stage.
11 steps of testing process - By Harshil BarotHarshil Barot
The 11-step software testing process involves verifying requirements, design, code, and installation as well as validating that user needs are met. The key steps include:
1) Developing a test plan based on an assessment of the development status.
2) Testing requirements, design, code during construction, and software changes to find defects.
3) Executing tests, recording results, and reporting findings throughout the process.
4) Conducting acceptance testing with end users to validate software meets needs.
The goal is to deliver high-quality, bug-free software through a rigorous process of verification and validation activities.
The document provides an overview of manual software testing, including definitions, goals, and best practices. It discusses the importance of testing, what should be tested, quality principles, standards and certifications, the software development life cycle, and roles in the testing process. Testing is defined as evaluating a system to verify requirements or identify differences between expected and actual results. It aims to deliver high quality software by finding errors prior to release. Quality, defined as meeting customer requirements, is crucial and improved through principles like defect prevention. The document outlines the software development process and life cycle from requirement analysis through maintenance.
Now to answer, “What is Testing?” we can go by the famous definition of Myers, which says, “Testing is the process of executing a program with the intent of finding errors”
Testing plays an important role in the certification process for systems and software. The certification process involves verification and validation activities to determine if a system meets its specified requirements. Testing is used for both verification and validation at various stages - from unit testing of individual components to system integration testing and user acceptance testing. Standards like DO-178B for aerospace and IEC 60601-1-4 for biomedical engineering define requirements for testing and coverage criteria that must be met for certification based on the criticality of the system. A comprehensive testing approach throughout the development lifecycle is needed to identify defects and improve safety for certification.
The document discusses various topics related to software testing including:
1. It introduces different levels of testing in the software development lifecycle like component testing, integration testing, system testing and acceptance testing.
2. It discusses the importance of early test design and planning and its benefits like reducing costs and improving quality.
3. It provides examples of how not planning tests properly can increase costs due to bugs found late in the process, and outlines the typical costs involved in fixing bugs at different stages.
The document discusses software testing processes and techniques. It covers topics like test case design, validation testing vs defect testing, unit testing vs integration testing, interface testing, system testing, acceptance testing, regression testing, test management, deriving test cases from use cases, and test coverage. The key points are that software testing involves designing test cases, running programs with test data, comparing results to test cases, and reporting test results. Different testing techniques like unit testing, integration testing, and system testing address different levels or parts of the system. Test cases are derived from use case scenarios to validate system functionality.
This document discusses the evolution of software management approaches from conventional to modern practices. It begins by describing the conventional waterfall model and its weaknesses. It then discusses how software economics and management have evolved, moving from the 1960s-1970s era of custom and unpredictable projects to the 1980s-1990s introduction of repeatable processes, off-the-shelf tools, and some reuse. Finally, it describes modern practices from 2000 onward that focus on managed processes, integrated environments, and mostly reusable component-based development, enabling more predictable delivery.
This document contains the resume of Neha Arora summarizing her experience as a software tester. She has over 5 years of experience in manual testing, creating test cases, and executing tests. She is proficient in various testing techniques and has experience testing both web and desktop applications. She is knowledgeable in defect tracking tools like JIRA and Mantis. Her testing experience includes projects in various domains like automobiles, banking, and e-learning.
This document provides a summary of Shrikant Bagdane's professional experience. It includes over 3.7 years of experience in manual testing with Amdocs, currently working as a Senior Test Engineer with AT&T in the US. Some of the key responsibilities include understanding requirements, designing and executing test cases, defect tracking, reporting, and mentoring other team members. The experiences listed include working on projects such as HALO, Newton, and IPAG testing various Amdocs and non-Amdocs applications.
The document provides a summary of Shrikant Bagdane's professional experience. It details his 3.7 years of experience in manual testing with Amdocs, including current role as Senior Test Engineer working with AT&T in the US and Mexico. It lists his testing experience across various Amdocs and non-Amdocs applications, tools used like Quality Center and Rally, and responsibilities like test planning, execution, and reporting. It also includes his academic qualifications and awards received.
This document provides a feasibility report for an online university hostel management system. It discusses the problem definition, proposed solution, functionality requirements, and various feasibility aspects of the project such as technical, economic, and operational feasibility. It also covers requirements analysis, software configuration, system implementation, and provides a conclusion. The key functionality of the system includes modules for administration, hostel management, and students to manage activities like bookings, bills, meal ordering, and notices.
SANDESH .R. SATPUTE is a software test engineer with over 5 years of experience in testing applications in various domains including telecom, retail, and logistics. He has expertise in test case development, execution, and defect tracking. Some of his skills include manual testing, black box testing, functionality testing, and regression testing using tools like HP Quality Center. He has worked on projects for clients such as Capgemini, DB Schenker, Schneider Electric, and Teliasonera.
A CASE Lab Report - Project File on "ATM - Banking System"joyousbharat
A CASE Lab Report - Project File on "ATM - Banking System"
The software to be designed will control a simulated automated teller machine
(ATM) having a magnetic stripe reader for reading an ATM card, a keyboard and
display for interaction with the customer, a slot for depositing envelopes, a
dispenser for cash (in multiples of $20), a printer for printing customer receipts, and
a key-operated switch to allow an operator to start or stop the machine. The ATM
will communicate with the bank's computer over an appropriate communication
link. (The software on the latter is not part of the requirements for this problem.)
The document discusses various aspects of software testing including definitions, principles, objectives, types and processes. It defines testing as "the process of executing a program with the intent of finding errors". The key principles discussed are that testing shows presence of bugs but not their absence, exhaustive testing is impossible, early testing is beneficial, and testing must be done by an independent party. The major types of testing covered are unit testing, integration testing and system testing.
The document discusses reporting test results in software testing. It states that a test log and test incident report are prepared during and after test execution. A test log records events during testing like execution details, procedure results, and anomalous events. A test incident report documents any unexpected or unexplainable incidents that require follow-up. It provides details like a summary, description, impact, and identifiers. A test summary report summarizes the overall testing results and forms part of a project's historical records.
Software testing involves verifying that software meets requirements and works as intended. There are various testing types including unit, integration, system, and acceptance testing. Testing methodologies include black box testing without viewing code and white box testing using internal knowledge. The goal is to find bugs early and ensure software reliability.
This document discusses software testing principles and concepts. It defines key terms like validation, verification, defects, failures, and metrics. It outlines 11 testing principles like testing being a creative task and test results needing meticulous inspection. The roles of testers are discussed in collaborating with other teams. Defect classes are defined at different stages and types of defects are provided. Quality factors, process maturity models, and defect prevention strategies are also summarized.
This document provides an overview of fundamentals of software testing. It discusses why testing is necessary, defines key terms like errors, defects and failures. It describes the context in which software is used and how defects can impact systems. The seven principles of testing and fundamental test process involving planning, analysis, implementation and reporting are explained. Psychological aspects of testing and principles of ethical code are also covered at a high level.
The 11-step software testing process follows a "V" model where the first five steps involve verifying interim deliverables and the last six steps involve validating the executable software. The 11 steps are: 1) assess development plan and status, 2) develop test plan, 3) test requirements, 4) test design, 5) test during programming, 6) execute and record results, 7) acceptance test, 8) report results, 9) test installation, 10) test software changes, and 11) evaluate test effectiveness. The process aims to validate and verify that the software meets requirements, works as expected, can be implemented consistently, and satisfies stakeholder needs.
Testing is the process of validating and verifying software to ensure it meets specifications and functions as intended. There are different levels of testing including unit, integration, system, and acceptance testing. An important part of testing is having a test plan that outlines the test strategy, cases, and process to be followed. Testing helps find defects so the product can be improved.
The document discusses strategies for software testing including:
1) Testing begins at the component level and works outward toward integration, with different techniques used at different stages.
2) A strategy provides a roadmap for testing including planning, design, execution, and evaluation.
3) The main stages of a strategy are unit testing, integration testing, validation testing, and system testing, with the scope broadening at each stage.
11 steps of testing process - By Harshil BarotHarshil Barot
The 11-step software testing process involves verifying requirements, design, code, and installation as well as validating that user needs are met. The key steps include:
1) Developing a test plan based on an assessment of the development status.
2) Testing requirements, design, code during construction, and software changes to find defects.
3) Executing tests, recording results, and reporting findings throughout the process.
4) Conducting acceptance testing with end users to validate software meets needs.
The goal is to deliver high-quality, bug-free software through a rigorous process of verification and validation activities.
The document provides an overview of manual software testing, including definitions, goals, and best practices. It discusses the importance of testing, what should be tested, quality principles, standards and certifications, the software development life cycle, and roles in the testing process. Testing is defined as evaluating a system to verify requirements or identify differences between expected and actual results. It aims to deliver high quality software by finding errors prior to release. Quality, defined as meeting customer requirements, is crucial and improved through principles like defect prevention. The document outlines the software development process and life cycle from requirement analysis through maintenance.
Now to answer, “What is Testing?” we can go by the famous definition of Myers, which says, “Testing is the process of executing a program with the intent of finding errors”
Testing plays an important role in the certification process for systems and software. The certification process involves verification and validation activities to determine if a system meets its specified requirements. Testing is used for both verification and validation at various stages - from unit testing of individual components to system integration testing and user acceptance testing. Standards like DO-178B for aerospace and IEC 60601-1-4 for biomedical engineering define requirements for testing and coverage criteria that must be met for certification based on the criticality of the system. A comprehensive testing approach throughout the development lifecycle is needed to identify defects and improve safety for certification.
The document discusses various topics related to software testing including:
1. It introduces different levels of testing in the software development lifecycle like component testing, integration testing, system testing and acceptance testing.
2. It discusses the importance of early test design and planning and its benefits like reducing costs and improving quality.
3. It provides examples of how not planning tests properly can increase costs due to bugs found late in the process, and outlines the typical costs involved in fixing bugs at different stages.
The document discusses software testing processes and techniques. It covers topics like test case design, validation testing vs defect testing, unit testing vs integration testing, interface testing, system testing, acceptance testing, regression testing, test management, deriving test cases from use cases, and test coverage. The key points are that software testing involves designing test cases, running programs with test data, comparing results to test cases, and reporting test results. Different testing techniques like unit testing, integration testing, and system testing address different levels or parts of the system. Test cases are derived from use case scenarios to validate system functionality.
This document discusses the evolution of software management approaches from conventional to modern practices. It begins by describing the conventional waterfall model and its weaknesses. It then discusses how software economics and management have evolved, moving from the 1960s-1970s era of custom and unpredictable projects to the 1980s-1990s introduction of repeatable processes, off-the-shelf tools, and some reuse. Finally, it describes modern practices from 2000 onward that focus on managed processes, integrated environments, and mostly reusable component-based development, enabling more predictable delivery.
This document contains the resume of Neha Arora summarizing her experience as a software tester. She has over 5 years of experience in manual testing, creating test cases, and executing tests. She is proficient in various testing techniques and has experience testing both web and desktop applications. She is knowledgeable in defect tracking tools like JIRA and Mantis. Her testing experience includes projects in various domains like automobiles, banking, and e-learning.
This document provides a summary of Shrikant Bagdane's professional experience. It includes over 3.7 years of experience in manual testing with Amdocs, currently working as a Senior Test Engineer with AT&T in the US. Some of the key responsibilities include understanding requirements, designing and executing test cases, defect tracking, reporting, and mentoring other team members. The experiences listed include working on projects such as HALO, Newton, and IPAG testing various Amdocs and non-Amdocs applications.
The document provides a summary of Shrikant Bagdane's professional experience. It details his 3.7 years of experience in manual testing with Amdocs, including current role as Senior Test Engineer working with AT&T in the US and Mexico. It lists his testing experience across various Amdocs and non-Amdocs applications, tools used like Quality Center and Rally, and responsibilities like test planning, execution, and reporting. It also includes his academic qualifications and awards received.
This document provides a feasibility report for an online university hostel management system. It discusses the problem definition, proposed solution, functionality requirements, and various feasibility aspects of the project such as technical, economic, and operational feasibility. It also covers requirements analysis, software configuration, system implementation, and provides a conclusion. The key functionality of the system includes modules for administration, hostel management, and students to manage activities like bookings, bills, meal ordering, and notices.
SANDESH .R. SATPUTE is a software test engineer with over 5 years of experience in testing applications in various domains including telecom, retail, and logistics. He has expertise in test case development, execution, and defect tracking. Some of his skills include manual testing, black box testing, functionality testing, and regression testing using tools like HP Quality Center. He has worked on projects for clients such as Capgemini, DB Schenker, Schneider Electric, and Teliasonera.
A CASE Lab Report - Project File on "ATM - Banking System"joyousbharat
A CASE Lab Report - Project File on "ATM - Banking System"
The software to be designed will control a simulated automated teller machine
(ATM) having a magnetic stripe reader for reading an ATM card, a keyboard and
display for interaction with the customer, a slot for depositing envelopes, a
dispenser for cash (in multiples of $20), a printer for printing customer receipts, and
a key-operated switch to allow an operator to start or stop the machine. The ATM
will communicate with the bank's computer over an appropriate communication
link. (The software on the latter is not part of the requirements for this problem.)
Experitest-Infosys Co-Webinar on Mobile Continuous IntegrationExperitest
Experitest & Infosys held a co-webinar, discussing Continuous Integration & Mobile Performance Test Strategies, Tools and Certification services that can guarantee a quality app for the end user.
The document discusses Effektives Consulting's performance engineering portfolio, which includes user experience and web performance management, cloud-based commerce recommendations, zero-touch deployments, and emerging augmented reality applications. It focuses on web performance management, covering infrastructure capacity planning, a two-stage performance testing approach using both on-premise and cloud-based resources, application profiling, and reporting.
The document provides an overview of a tourism management system project. It includes an acknowledgement section thanking those involved in the project. The abstract indicates the project aims to develop software to manage tour bookings. The document then outlines various sections that will be included such as objectives, existing and proposed systems, functional requirements, and system configuration.
1. Having 3.8 years of testing experience which includes Manual , automation,mobile, API testing.
2. Experience in Mobile Testing include Functional Testing & GUI testing.
3 Hands on experience on Agile methodology.
4. Hands on domain experience Telecom, Mobility, retail, real-estate.
5. Basic domain knowledge of healthcare, banking and finance.
6. Hands on experience on SQL, JIRA, HP QC.
The journey of UNISON Cost Engineering in the field of automotive software cost estimation started in 2018. The expectation is that in 2030 the cost of software will be 50% of the total production cost of a car. To help the OEM get a proper understanding of the software development cost they need to use some form of size measurement to compare, challenge and control the cost of software development by the software vendors.
This document discusses ADEPP, a tool for configuration management in health, safety, and environmental (HSE) management systems. It describes how ADEPP can be used to engineer requirements, define performance standards, plan activities and assign tasks, and track progress through an online system. The document also discusses how ADEPP can interface with various simulation and modeling software to assess risks and safety measures over the lifecycle of oil and gas projects.
SanthoshiAgadala_Test Engineer_2.6 years of Experiencedasfagfdagadg
Santhoshi Agadala provides a professional summary as a Software Test Engineer with over 2.6 years of experience in manual and automation testing using Agile processes. She has experience testing mobile applications on platforms like iOS, Android and Windows, as well as understanding requirements, designing test cases, and defect tracking using tools like JIRA and HPQC. She lists her technical skills and experience testing various projects in areas like web, mobile and databases.
Emporium Technologies has been in the software development field for several years and is one of the leading software development companies. Based in Pune, Emporium Technologies has developed software for domestic as well as international clients.
The document discusses challenges related to software operation knowledge (SOK) integration. It describes how SOK data can be collected from various sources and used to improve software processes. However, challenges exist around visualizing and analyzing large amounts of technical and usage data, aligning business and technical metrics, handling big and real-time data, and addressing errors at different levels of software. The document advocates for continuous refinement of SOK integration objectives and requirements to optimize results.
Human Resource Management using Phone GapIRJET Journal
This document describes a mobile application called "Human Resource Management Using PhoneGap" that was developed to allow HR managers and employees to complete HR tasks from any location using a mobile app. The app was built with PhoneGap, an open source framework that allows building cross-platform mobile apps using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. This allows the same codebase to work on multiple mobile platforms. The app modules allow employees to manage attendance, apply for leaves, view company directories, and more through a mobile interface. Testing was conducted at various stages to ensure requirements were met. The app aims to reduce the time spent on HR tasks and allow work to be done remotely.
This document summarizes a student project on developing a Parking Management System. The system aims to address issues with current parking practices like maintaining paper records and difficulties finding vehicle details. It allows users to securely park vehicles by paying and entering vehicle and owner details. The project uses ASP.NET for the front end, SQL Server for the back end, and an iterative development process. Key modules include storing staff, user, and vehicle records and generating reports on parking details and transactions.
Software is a set of instructions and data structures that enable computer programs to provide desired functions and manipulate information. Software engineering is the systematic development and maintenance of software. It differs from software programming in that engineering involves teams developing complex, long-lasting systems through roles like architect and manager, while programming involves single developers building small, short-term applications. A software development life cycle like waterfall or spiral model provides structure to a project through phases from requirements to maintenance. Rapid application development emphasizes short cycles through business, data, and process modeling to create reusable components and reduce testing time.
SanthoshiAgadala_Test Engineer_2.7 years of Experiencedasfagfdagadg
Santhoshi Agadala is a software test engineer with over 2.7 years of experience in manual and automation testing using Agile processes. She has experience testing web and mobile applications across platforms like iOS, Android, and Windows. She has expertise in test case design, execution, defect tracking, and reporting. Some of her projects include testing applications for healthcare, parking management, and stadium administration.
Unit1 17-08-2020 HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTIONRoselin Mary S
This document provides an overview of human-computer interaction (HCI). It discusses why HCI is important, defining HCI and describing the user, computer, and interaction. It then covers the different input and output channels humans use, including the senses of vision, hearing, touch, and motor control. For each input channel, it describes the anatomical structures and processing involved. The document emphasizes that understanding human factors is crucial for designing intuitive and effective interfaces.
Service Oriented Architecture -Unit II - Modeling databases in xml Roselin Mary S
Modeling databases in xml
Steps:
1. Review the database schema.
2. Construct the desired XML document.
3. Define a schema for the XML document.
4. Create the JAXB binding schema.
5. Generate the JAXB classes based on the schema.
6. Develop a Data Access Object (DAO).
7. Develop a servlet for HTTP access.
The document discusses XSL (Extensible Stylesheet Language), which is used to style XML documents. Some key points:
- XSL is to XML what CSS is to HTML - it controls how XML documents are displayed.
- XSL has three main parts: XSLT for transforming XML, XPath for navigating XML, and XSL-FO for formatting XML.
- XSLT uses XSLT stylesheets to define transformation rules that are applied to XML documents to generate output like XML, HTML or text.
- Advantages of XSLT include being programming language independent and allowing output to be altered by modifying the XSL stylesheet without changing code.
Service Oriented Architecture- UNIT 2- XSLRoselin Mary S
The document discusses XSL (Extensible Stylesheet Language), which is used to style XML documents. It provides an overview of XSLT (XSL Transformations), XPath, and XSL-FO. It then gives more details on XSLT, explaining how XSLT stylesheets are used to define transformation rules that are applied to XML documents to generate formatted output. Key advantages of XSLT are that transformations are written separately from code, allowing for quick output changes. An example is provided of using XSLT to transform an XML document of student data into an HTML table for display.
Service Oriented Architecture - Unit II - Sax Roselin Mary S
The document provides information about SAX (Simple API for XML), which is an event-based parser for XML documents. Unlike DOM parsers, SAX parsers do not create a parse tree in memory. SAX parsers read XML documents sequentially from top to bottom and generate events to notify applications as elements, attributes, and text are encountered. The document discusses why SAX is used, supported languages, versions of SAX, popular SAX APIs, and how SAX parsing works through callback methods in a ContentHandler interface.
XML is a markup language that focuses on data rather than presentation. It allows users to define their own elements and tags to structure information in a way that is understandable by both humans and machines. XML documents contain elements that describe the document's structure and content. Elements are delimited by tags like <tagname>element content</tagname> and may have attributes that provide additional information. The XML specification was developed by the World Wide Web Consortium to allow structured data to be shared across different systems.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Low power architecture of logic gates using adiabatic techniquesnooriasukmaningtyas
The growing significance of portable systems to limit power consumption in ultra-large-scale-integration chips of very high density, has recently led to rapid and inventive progresses in low-power design. The most effective technique is adiabatic logic circuit design in energy-efficient hardware. This paper presents two adiabatic approaches for the design of low power circuits, modified positive feedback adiabatic logic (modified PFAL) and the other is direct current diode based positive feedback adiabatic logic (DC-DB PFAL). Logic gates are the preliminary components in any digital circuit design. By improving the performance of basic gates, one can improvise the whole system performance. In this paper proposed circuit design of the low power architecture of OR/NOR, AND/NAND, and XOR/XNOR gates are presented using the said approaches and their results are analyzed for powerdissipation, delay, power-delay-product and rise time and compared with the other adiabatic techniques along with the conventional complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) designs reported in the literature. It has been found that the designs with DC-DB PFAL technique outperform with the percentage improvement of 65% for NOR gate and 7% for NAND gate and 34% for XNOR gate over the modified PFAL techniques at 10 MHz respectively.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
5214-1693458878915-Unit 6 2023 to 2024 academic year assignment (AutoRecovere...
Unit 2 hci in software process
1. Software Engineering
• Software design process or life cycle called Software Engineering
– that addresses the management and technical issues of the
development of software systems.
– The software life cycle is an attempt to identify every activity that
occur in software development from the initial concept formation
for a software system up until its eventual phasing out and
replacement.
– These activities must then be ordered in time in any
development Project
Dr.S.ROSELIN MARY, HOD/CSE, ANAND INSTITUTE OF HIGHER TECHNOLOGY07-09-2020 1
3. Activities in the life cycle
• Requirements specification
– Designers try to capture what functionality is expected from the
system
– “HOW” is not concern of this activity.
– Can be expressed in natural language or more precise languages like
Unified Modeling Language.
– begins at the start of product development and the requirements
are from the customer’s perspective
– It involves eliciting information from the customer about the work
environment, or domain, in which the final product will function.Dr.S.ROSELIN MARY, HOD/CSE, ANAND INSTITUTE OF HIGHER TECHNOLOGY07-09-2020 3
4. • Architectural Design:
– a decomposition of the system that allows independent development of
separate components
– These components will later be integrated
– satisfying both functional and non-functional
requirements after integration
• Detailed Design:
– Designer is responsible to ensure complete functionality of the
component(s) provided by the architectural design phase.
Dr.S.ROSELIN MARY, HOD/CSE, ANAND INSTITUTE OF HIGHER TECHNOLOGY07-09-2020 4
5. • Coding & Testing:
– Transform detailed design in a programming language.
– Component testing
• Integration & Testing:
– Completed components should be tested individually
– they must be integrated as described in the architectural design.
– Integration testing is performed to ensure correct behavior and
acceptable use of any shared resources e.g. memory
Dr.S.ROSELIN MARY, HOD/CSE, ANAND INSTITUTE OF HIGHER TECHNOLOGY07-09-2020 5
6. • Maintenance:
– involves the correction of errors in the system which are
discovered after release
– System can be revised to satisfy requirements that were not
realized during previous development.
– maintenance provides feedback to all of the other activities in the
life cycle
Dr.S.ROSELIN MARY, HOD/CSE, ANAND INSTITUTE OF HIGHER TECHNOLOGY07-09-2020 6
7. Verification and validation
• Verification
– Are you building the product right?
– Software must conform to its specification
• Validation
– Are you building the right product?
– Software should do what the user really requires
• Validation & Verification relies on some proof
– Subjective means of proof i.e User signed Requirements/system
design
– Management contracts
• Time
• Economical issues
• Recourses e.g. Manpower, hardware etc Dr.S.ROSELIN MARY, HOD/CSE, ANAND INSTITUTE OF HIGHER TECHNOLOGY
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8. The life cycle of interactive systems
cannot assume a linear
sequence of activities as in the
waterfall model
• lots of feedback!
• The actual design process is iterative
Requirements
specification
Architectural
design
Detailed
design
Coding and
unit testing
Integration
and testing
Operation and
maintenance
Dr.S.ROSELIN MARY, HOD/CSE, ANAND INSTITUTE OF HIGHER
TECHNOLOGY
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9. Usability engineering
• The ultimate test of usability based on measurement of user experience
• Usability engineering demands that specific usability measures be made explicit
as requirements
• Usability specification
• usability attribute/principle
• measuring concept
• measuring method
• now level/ worst case/ planned level/ best case
• Problems
• usability specification requires level of detail that may not be possible early in
design satisfying a usability specification
• does not necessarily satisfy usability
Dr.S.ROSELIN MARY, HOD/CSE, ANAND INSTITUTE OF HIGHER TECHNOLOGY07-09-2020 9
10. Part of a usability specification for a VCR
Attribute: Backward recoverability
Measuring concept: Undo an erroneous programming
sequence
Measuring method: Number of explicit user actions
to undo current program
Now level: No current product allows such an undo
Worst case: As many actions as it takes to
program-in mistake
Planned level: A maximum of two explicit user actions
Best case: One explicit cancel action
Dr.S.ROSELIN MARY, HOD/CSE, ANAND INSTITUTE OF HIGHER TECHNOLOGY
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11. ISO usability standard 9241
adopts traditional usability categories:
• effectiveness
• can you achieve what you want to?
• efficiency
• can you do it without wasting effort?
• satisfaction
• do you enjoy the process?
Dr.S.ROSELIN MARY, HOD/CSE, ANAND INSTITUTE OF HIGHER
TECHNOLOGY
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12. Usability
objective
Effectiveness
measures
Efficiency
measures
Satisfaction
measures
Suitability Percentage of Time to Rating scale
for the task goals achieved complete a task for satisfaction
Appropriate for Number of power Relative efficiency Rating scale for
trained users features used compared with
an expert user
satisfaction with
power features
Learnability Percentage of
functions learned
Time to learn
criterion
Rating scale for
ease of learning
Error tolerance Percentage of
errors corrected
successfully
Time spent on
correcting errors
Rating scale for
error handling
ISO usability standard 9241
Dr.S.ROSELIN MARY, HOD/CSE, ANAND INSTITUTE OF HIGHER
TECHNOLOGY
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13. Iterative design and prototyping
• Iterative design overcomes inherent problems of incomplete requirements
• Prototypes
simulate or animate some features of intended system
different types of prototypes
• throw-away/ Rapid Prototyping
• Incremental prototyping
• Evolutionary prototyping
Dr.S.ROSELIN MARY, HOD/CSE, ANAND INSTITUTE OF HIGHER
TECHNOLOGY
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17. Techniques of Prototyping
• Storyboards:
– is a graphical depiction of the interface without accompanying
system functionality.
– can be animated, If not animated, storyboards usually include
annotations and scripts indicating how the interaction will occur.
• Limited functionality simulation:
– some part of system functionality provided by designers
– tools like HyperCard & Wizard of Oz technique
Dr.S.ROSELIN MARY, HOD/CSE, ANAND INSTITUTE OF HIGHER
TECHNOLOGY
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18. Case Study
• A software solution is required to display information about incoming and outgoing flights
to the public at Palm Island Airport. The airport terminal will have a number of large
display screens (approximately 42" in size, measured horizontally) for viewing by the
public. The display screens will provide information about flight arrivals and departures at
Palm Island Airport.
• It is envisaged that this information will require more than one page. Therefore, each
page will be required to display for not less than 10 seconds, and not more than 15
seconds, before moving onto the next page in the cycle. Each time a page loads, it must
show the latest information available at that time. Airport branding and the current time
and date must also to be shown on all pages that are visible to the public.
• The layout should be designed in such a way that members of the public can quickly find
the appropriate flight and check its status. Any flight that has been cancelled must stand
out. The information should be readable from a distance of not less than four metres. At
peak times, passengers are likely to seek information about one of five flights arriving
and/or departing (potentially ten flights in total: up to five arrivals; up to five departures).
• The solution also requires that administration staff be able to: insert, edit and delete flight
information. The administration user-interface must be intuitive and efficient. The system
must also allow more than one administrator to update flight information simultaneously
(not necessarily details of the same flight). When an administrator completes an update,
that information must be available to the public at the next screen (or page) refresh.
Dr.S.ROSELIN MARY, HOD/CSE, ANAND INSTITUTE OF HIGHER
TECHNOLOGY
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19. Case Study (contd)
• The public information necessary about flights arriving is:
– Flight Number
– Where the flight is coming from (eg airport or city)
– Expected time of arrival
– Current status of flight (eg en-route, landed, delayed, cancelled, diverted, contact
operator)
– Gate of arrival
• The public information necessary about flights departing is:
– Flight Number
– Destination of flight (eg airport or city)
– Expected time of departure
– Current status of flight (eg As scheduled, gate open, boarding, last call, gate
closed, airborne, delayed, cancelled, contact operator)
– Departure gate
• The client would also like to make this information accessible to members of the
public when using one of the internet connected information kiosks situated around
the airport, and for users visiting the Palm Island Airport website. Legislation must be
strictly adhered to as applicable (eg as relevant from copyright, data protections,
accessibility and disability discrimination, etc)
Dr.S.ROSELIN MARY, HOD/CSE, ANAND INSTITUTE OF HIGHER
TECHNOLOGY
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20. Design rationale
• Design rationale is information that explains why a computer system is the way it is
including its structural or architectural description and its functional or behavioral
description.
Benefits of design rationale
• communication throughout life cycle
• reuse of design knowledge across products
• enforces design discipline
• presents arguments for design trade-offs
• organizes potentially large design space
• capturing contextual information
Dr.S.ROSELIN MARY, HOD/CSE, ANAND INSTITUTE OF HIGHER
TECHNOLOGY
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21. Types of DR:
• Process-oriented
• preserves order of deliberation and decision-making
• Structure-oriented
• emphasizes post hoc structuring of considered design alternatives
Two examples:
• Issue-based information system (IBIS)
• Design space analysis
Dr.S.ROSELIN MARY, HOD/CSE, ANAND INSTITUTE OF HIGHER
TECHNOLOGY
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22. Issue-based information system (IBIS)
• basis for much of design rationale research
• process-oriented
• main elements:
issues
– hierarchical structure with one ‘root’ issue
positions
– potential resolutions of an issue
arguments
– modify the relationship between positions and issues
• gIBIS is a graphical version
Dr.S.ROSELIN MARY, HOD/CSE, ANAND INSTITUTE OF HIGHER
TECHNOLOGY
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24. Design space analysis
• Structure-oriented
• QOC – hierarchical structure:
questions (and sub-questions)
– represent major issues of a design
options
– provide alternative solutions to the question
criteria
– the means to assess the options in order to make a choice
• DRL – similar to QOC with a larger language and more formal semantics
• Decision problem,
• alternatives
• goals
Dr.S.ROSELIN MARY, HOD/CSE, ANAND INSTITUTE OF HIGHER
TECHNOLOGY
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26. Psychological design rationale
• to support task-artefact cycle in which user tasks are affected by the systems they use
• aims to make explicit consequences of design for users
• designers identify tasks system will support
• scenarios are suggested to test task
• users are observed on system
• psychological claims of system made explicit
• negative aspects of design can be used to improve next iteration of design
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TECHNOLOGY
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27. Summary
The software engineering life cycle
• distinct activities and the consequences for interactive system design
Usability engineering
• making usability measurements explicit as requirements
Iterative design and prototyping
• limited functionality simulations and animations
Design rationale
• recording design knowledge
• process vs. structure
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