This document contains a question bank for the topic "Introduction to Mobile Computing" with theory questions, MCQ questions, and answers. The questions cover topics such as the definition of mobile computing, advantages and disadvantages of mobile computing, wireless technology generations, cell and frequency reuse concepts, noise and its effects, GSM and CDMA architecture, mobile computing services, and mobile communication modes.

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1.Introduction to Mobile
Computing
Question Bank
Swapnali Pawar

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Unit 1-Introduction to Mobile Computing
Theory Questions-
1.What is Mobile Computing ? What are Advantages & Disadvantages of it?
2.What is Wireless Technology give its Advantages and What are different
generations of wireless technology?
3.Explain Concept of Cell,Cluster and frequency reuse in detail
4.What is noise & its Effects on Mobile Communication?
5.Explain GSM Architecture with its diagram.
6.Give Difference between GSM & CDMA.
7.Which Services are provided by GSM & Give Advantages of GSM.
8.Explain Architecture of Mobile Computing in detail.
9.Which are the Different modes used for mobile Communications?
MCQ Questions including Answers-
1.Mobile Computing is a technology that allows __________ via a computer or
any other wireless enabled device without having to be connected to a fixed
physical link.
A.Transmission of data
B.voice and video
C.Both A & Both
D.None

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2.PDA Stands for____And is capable of Sharing Information
Personal Digital Assistant
3.Which of the following are examples of PDA?
A.Smart Phone
B.Tablet Pc
C.Ipads
D.All
4.Following are the major advantages of Mobile Computing -
A.Location Flexibility
B.Saves Time
C.Enhanced Productivity
D.Ease of Research
E.Entertainment
F.Streamlining of Business Processes
5.Mobile Computing Security measures include
A.Hiring qualified personnel.
B.Installing security hardware and software
C.Educating the users on proper mobile computing ethics
D.Auditing and developing sound, effective policies

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6.The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based satellite navigation
system that provides location and time information in all weather, anywhere
on or near the Earth
7.Long Term Evolution (LTE)
LTE is a standard for wireless communication of high-speed data for mobile
phones and data terminals
8.WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a wireless
communications standard designed to provide 30 to 40 megabit-per-second
data rates, with the latest update providing up to 1 Gbit/s for fixed stations
9.current wireless technologies used for indoor and outdoor networks includes
1.In-room Networks-infrared Bluetooth and radio frequency
2.Wireless LAN (WLAN),
3.Broadband Wireless Networks,
4.Wide Area Wireless/Radio Networks,
5.Satellite-based Networks, and
6.Cellular Networks
10.cell is basic geographic location unit of Cellular system
11.Every city is divided into small areas each area is called as a cell thus a cell is
defined as a basic geographical unit of a cellular communication system
12. four geometrical shapes such as Circle Square equilateral triangle and
hexagon. If we select the shape of a cell as a circle then the area between the

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two circles will not get covered by the base station and any attempt of
communication from that area will fail. Thus we eliminate the circular shape.
13.Hexagon has the highest area as compared to the other two shapes. Thus
we divide the geographical area into hexagonal cells
14.Group of cells is called as a cluster
15.The Size is not fixed for cluster
16.MS means mobile station
17.BTS is base transceiver station
18.BSC is base station controller
19.MSC is mobile switching center
20.Whenever a user makes an attempt to call someone a separate channel is
assigned to the user by the MSC
21.In frequency reuse same set of frequencies are used for radio channels
located in different areas

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22.In cell splitting technique each cell is divided into smaller cells known as
micro cells
23.handoff procedure-
when someone user X travels in area A he receives the signal from base station
that is antenna a has a stronghold on out devices signal but as he moves away
from antenna a the signal strength gradually decreases at a boundary of cell a
the whole of antenna a on the device is minimum at the same time when the
device is about to enter into cell B base station B starts to take hold on the
device thus at the border of cell a and cell B. Both the antennas have equal
amount of hold on the device of user X as user X crosses the border and enters
into cell be area B strength of base station. A very rapidly decreases and
strength of base station B rapidly increases in short the device receives the
signal network from base station B. But during this procedure the call is still on.
Hence base station a handovers this call to base station B without any effect on
a call this procedure is known as the handoff procedure.
24.GSM system GSM stands for global system for mobile
25.GSM is nothing but a big system made up of few small systems. Such as
mobile stations MS base station subsystem, BSS network and switching
subsystem NSS operating subsystems OSS
26.MSC. MSC is the backbone of the entire network it controls all the
operations from setting up a call till the handoff procedure
27.A cell can be defined as an area of radio coverage from one BTS antenna
system

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28.It is the smallest building block in a mobile network and a cell can be
represented by a hexagon
29.An omni-directional cell (or omnicell) is served by a BTS with an antenna
which transmits equally in all directions (360 degrees).
30.A sector cell is the area of coverage from an antenna, which transmits, in a
given direction only. For example, this may be equal to 120 degrees or 180
degrees of an equivalent omni- directional cell.
31.Groups of frequencies can be placed together into patterns of cells called
clusters
32.Frequency Reuse is the scheme in which allocation and reuse of channels
throughout a coverage region is done
33.The process of selecting and allocating the frequency sub-bands for all of
the cellular base station within a system is called Frequency
reuse or Frequency Planning
34.Cell with the same letter uses the same set of channels group or
frequencies sub-band.
35.FREQUENCY REUSE FACTOR
Frequency Reuse Factor = 1/N

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36.Noise is an unwanted signal which interferes with the original message
signal and corrupts the parameters of the message signal
37.noise is some signal which has no pattern and no constant frequency or
amplitude
38.Which of the following are examples of noise ?
Hiss sound in radio receivers
Buzz sound amidst of telephone conversations
Flicker in television receivers, etc.
39.Noise is Unpredictable & Random=>True
40.Noise Affects Sensitivity of Receiver=>True
41.Which of the following are noise types?
A. External
B. Internal
C. Both A & B
D. None
42.Internal Noise is produced by receiver components while
functioning=>True

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43.External Noise may occur due to external sources like medium or channel
of Communication =>True
44.SNR-Signal to Noise Ratio is Ratio of Signal power to Noise Power
45.The higher the value of SNR greater the quality of received output
46.The Ratio of output SNR to Input SNR can be termed as Figure of Merit
47.CDMA is an acronym for Code Division Multiple Access, which is also a
radio telecommunication standard similar to GSM.
48.GSM uses the TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access)
and FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) for separating the users &
cells and transmitting the signals.
49.Due to the GSM standard, various other wireless services such
as GPRS(General Packet Radio Service), UMTS(Universal Mobile Radio System),
and EDGE(Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution) have also evolved.
50.The GSM users have first taken advantage of the service Short Message
System (SMS), by which the users can communicate with each other using text
messages over the given network.
51.With GSM technology, we can have a low-cost mobile set and base stations.

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52.CDMA based on the spread spectrum technology and makes optimal use of
the available bandwidth.
53.How to check if the phone is based on GSM or CDMA technology?
Ans-
To check if your mobile phone is GSM-based or CDMA based, check the below
points:
1. Check from your Phone Settings:
⦁For iPhone users: Go to Settings→General→About→ check for the MEID, ESN,
or IMEI number near the bottom of the menu.
⦁For Android users: Go to Settings→ System→About Phone→Click to Status,
and check for the MEID, ESN, or IMEI number.
In both cases,
if you see the MEID or ESN number, then your phone is CDMA based.
If you see the IMEI number, then your phone is a GSM-based phone. If you see
both options, it means your device supports both technologies.
2. Check for SIM card Slot on the Phone:

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As discussed above, the GSM phone makes use of SIM cards, whereas CDMA
not. So, you can check on your mobile phone whether it contains a SIM slot or
not. But due to widely spread of 4G LTE technology, most CDMA devices also
use SIM cards, so this way of checking is less helpful now.
54.Network Switching Subsystem (NSS): it manages the switching functions of
the system and allows MSCs to communicate with other networks such as
PSTN and ISDN.
55.Home Location Registers (HLR): - It is a permanent database about mobile
subscriber in a large service area. - Its database contains IMSI, IMSISDN,
prepaid/post-paid, roaming restrictions, supplementary services.
56.Visitor Location Registers (VLR): - It is a temporary database which updates
whenever new MS enters its area by HLR database. - It controls mobiles
roaming in its area. It reduces number of queries to HLR. - Its database
contains IMSI, TMSI, IMSISDN, MSRN, location, area authentication key.
57.Authentication Centre: - It provides protection against intruders in air
interface. - It maintains authentication keys and algorithms and provides
security triplets (RAND, SRES, Ki)
58. Equipment Identity Registry (EIR):
It is a database that is used to track handset using the IMEI number.
It is made up of three sub classes- the white list, the black list and the gray list.

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59.Operational Support Subsystem (OSS): It supports the operation and
maintenance of GSM and allows system engineers to monitor, diagnose and
troubleshoot all aspects of GSM system. It supports one or more Operation
Maintenance Centres (OMC) which are used to monitor the performance of
each MS, Bs, BSC and MSC within a GSM system.
60.Interfaces used for GSM network :
1)UM Interface –Used to communicate between BTS with MS
2)Abis Interface— Used to communicate BSC TO BTS
3)A Interface-- Used to communicate BSC and MSC
4) Singling protocol (SS 7)- Used to communicate MSC with other network
61.A 3-tier architecture is an application program that is organized into three
major parts, comprising of:
The data access layer tier at the bottom,
The application tier (business logic) in the middle and
The client tier (presentation) at the top.
62.1. Presentation Layer (UI):
⦁ This layer presents data to the user and optionally permits data
manipulation and data entry, also this layer requests the data form Business
layer.
⦁ This layer accomplished through use of Dynamic HTML and client-side
data sources and data cursors.

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2. Business Logic Layer:
⦁ The business logic acts as the server for client requests from
workstations. It acts according Business rules fetch or insert data through the
Data Layer.
⦁ In turn, it determines what data is needed (and where it is located) and
acts as a client in relation to a third tier of programming that might be located
on a local or mainframe computer.
⦁ Because these middle-tier components are not tied to a specific client,
they can be used by all applications and can be moved to different locations, as
response time and other rules require.
3. Data Access Layer:
⦁ The third tier of the 3-tier system is made up of the DBMS that provides
all the data for the above two layers.
⦁ This is the actual DBMS access layer.
⦁ Avoiding dependencies on the storage mechanisms allows for updates or
changes without the application tier clients being affected by or even aware of
the change.

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