The UNESCO Participation Programme provides funding assistance to member states, territories, and accredited NGOs for projects in UNESCO's fields of competence. Projects focus on areas like sciences, culture, education, and communication. Funding amounts vary by project type and region but typically do not exceed $46,000. Eligible countries submit up to seven project requests per year, with priority given to least developed countries. The program aims to strengthen partnerships and boost visibility of UNESCO initiatives around the world.
Towards a Tangible Legacy
Workshop of WP2: Africa-Europe STI cooperation on the Climate Change global challenge
Plenary session, Tuesday, 8th September 2015
What is Erasmus+? How can I apply for Erasmus+ funding? If you are looking for answers to these questions take a look at our presentation especially for newcomers to the programme. This presentation was first delivered during our autumn information session events and was updated 4 December 2017. For more information visit our website: https://www.erasmusplus.org.uk/new-to-erasmus-0
Introduction the Erasmus+ programme for UK organisations interested in applying for funding in 2017. This presentation covers opportunities for vocational education and training. For slides with an overview of the programme and from other sector-specific sessions (higher education, schools, adult education and youth), please visit our clipboard: http://www.slideshare.net/ErasmusPlusUK/clipboards/2017-call-erasmus-information-sessions
Erasmus+ Key Action 1 is all about mobility. Take a look at our presentation for more information about applying for Key Action 1 funding in 2019. This presentation was first delivered during our autumn Information Sessions. For more information visit our website: https://www.erasmusplus.org.uk/apply-for-funding
What is Erasmus+? How can I apply for Erasmus+ funding? If you are looking for answers to these questions take a look at our presentation especially for newcomers to the programme. This presentation was first delivered during our autumn Information Sessions. For more information visit our website: https://www.erasmusplus.org.uk/new-to-erasmus
UNESCO OER Programme 2014 ACDE Conference,Victoria Falls, ZimbabweAbel Caine
Promoting the UNESCO OER Programme within the 1st Africa Workshop of the OpenupEd Project Sat 7th June, 2014 within the 2014 ACDE Annual Conference, Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe
Towards a Tangible Legacy
Workshop of WP2: Africa-Europe STI cooperation on the Climate Change global challenge
Plenary session, Tuesday, 8th September 2015
What is Erasmus+? How can I apply for Erasmus+ funding? If you are looking for answers to these questions take a look at our presentation especially for newcomers to the programme. This presentation was first delivered during our autumn information session events and was updated 4 December 2017. For more information visit our website: https://www.erasmusplus.org.uk/new-to-erasmus-0
Introduction the Erasmus+ programme for UK organisations interested in applying for funding in 2017. This presentation covers opportunities for vocational education and training. For slides with an overview of the programme and from other sector-specific sessions (higher education, schools, adult education and youth), please visit our clipboard: http://www.slideshare.net/ErasmusPlusUK/clipboards/2017-call-erasmus-information-sessions
Erasmus+ Key Action 1 is all about mobility. Take a look at our presentation for more information about applying for Key Action 1 funding in 2019. This presentation was first delivered during our autumn Information Sessions. For more information visit our website: https://www.erasmusplus.org.uk/apply-for-funding
What is Erasmus+? How can I apply for Erasmus+ funding? If you are looking for answers to these questions take a look at our presentation especially for newcomers to the programme. This presentation was first delivered during our autumn Information Sessions. For more information visit our website: https://www.erasmusplus.org.uk/new-to-erasmus
UNESCO OER Programme 2014 ACDE Conference,Victoria Falls, ZimbabweAbel Caine
Promoting the UNESCO OER Programme within the 1st Africa Workshop of the OpenupEd Project Sat 7th June, 2014 within the 2014 ACDE Annual Conference, Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe
Erasmus+ Key Action 2&3 is all about improving practice and policy. Take a look at our presentation for more information about applying for Key Action 2&3 funding in 2019. This presentation was first delivered during our autumn Information Sessions. For more information visit our website: https://www.erasmusplus.org.uk/apply-for-funding
Introduction the Erasmus+ programme for UK organisations interested in applying for funding in 2017. This presentation covers opportunities for higher education institutions. For slides with an overview of the programme and other sector-specific sessions (vocational education and training, schools, adult education and youth), please visit our clipboard: http://www.slideshare.net/ErasmusPlusUK/clipboards/2017-call-erasmus-information-sessions
Presentation made at the ‘Building Capacities Of The Next Generation Of Community-Based Participatory Researchers’ workshop at PRIA on 10th April 2015.
Adrian Sladdin from Aspire Education Group Ltd delivered this presentation on their 'Financial and Economic Literacy of Migrant women for ENtrepreneurship INclusion' Erasmus+ project at the Erasmus+ Inspiring Inclusion event in London on 12 November 2019.
Introduction the Erasmus+ programme for UK organisations interested in applying for funding in 2017. This presentation covers opportunities for schools institutions. For slides with an overview of the programme and other sector-specific sessions (higher education, vocational education and training, adult education and youth), please visit our clipboard: http://www.slideshare.net/ErasmusPlusUK/clipboards/2017-call-erasmus-information-sessions
Introduction the Erasmus+ programme for UK organisations interested in applying for funding in 2017. This is the main presentation. For slides from the sector-specific sessions (higher education, vocational education and training, schools, adult education and youth), please visit our clipboard: http://www.slideshare.net/ErasmusPlusUK/clipboards/2017-call-erasmus-information-sessions
This Key Action 1 adult education case study presentation was delivered by Sue Quinn-Aziz during the measuring impact workshop of the December 2015 Learning Networks event held in Cardiff.
Supporting Learning in Traumatic Conflicts: innovative responses to education...Alan Bruce
Overview of innovative educational responses to needs of traumatized groups with specific reference to refugee camps in Greece and theoretical perspectives of conflict resolution.
This presentation was delivered by UK National Agency senior project manager, Sonia Shakir, during the employability workshop of the May 2016 Learning Networks event held in Manchester.
A framework to assess climate finance readiness and initial results from four readiness assessments for the UNEP/UNDP/WRI GCF Readiness Program. Presentation by Pieter Terpstra, WRI Vulnerability and Adaptation Initiative.
Recognising the importance of the extra-European international dimension, especially in higher education, Erasmus+ now also offers opportunities for individuals to study work or teach in other parts of the world. It also makes the same opportunities available for students from these areas to come to study in Charter-holding higher education institutions in Europe. The ICM workshop will give you an overview and possibilities available under Erasmus+.
Presentation by Filipe Teles, University of Aveiro, Portugal, on the occasion of the the EESC workshop on Universities for Europe (Brussels, 13 June 2014)
Takeaway from the Third China - Africa Forest Governance Learning PlatformIIED
Rito Mabunda, forest programme coordinator at WWF Mozambique, presents his key takeaway points during the closing session of the third event of the China-Africa Forest Governance Learning Platform.
The presentation was made at the third event of the China-Africa Forest Governance Learning Platform, held in Beijing from 24-25 October 2016.
The event explored how China can help sustain Africa’s forests with a focus on the role of private sector actors and Chinese stakeholders in working with African stakeholders to promote pro-poor and sustainable investments and trade in Africa’s forests.
More details: www.iied.org/mists-china-africa-forests
Erasmus+ Key Action 2&3 is all about improving practice and policy. Take a look at our presentation for more information about applying for Key Action 2&3 funding in 2019. This presentation was first delivered during our autumn Information Sessions. For more information visit our website: https://www.erasmusplus.org.uk/apply-for-funding
Introduction the Erasmus+ programme for UK organisations interested in applying for funding in 2017. This presentation covers opportunities for higher education institutions. For slides with an overview of the programme and other sector-specific sessions (vocational education and training, schools, adult education and youth), please visit our clipboard: http://www.slideshare.net/ErasmusPlusUK/clipboards/2017-call-erasmus-information-sessions
Presentation made at the ‘Building Capacities Of The Next Generation Of Community-Based Participatory Researchers’ workshop at PRIA on 10th April 2015.
Adrian Sladdin from Aspire Education Group Ltd delivered this presentation on their 'Financial and Economic Literacy of Migrant women for ENtrepreneurship INclusion' Erasmus+ project at the Erasmus+ Inspiring Inclusion event in London on 12 November 2019.
Introduction the Erasmus+ programme for UK organisations interested in applying for funding in 2017. This presentation covers opportunities for schools institutions. For slides with an overview of the programme and other sector-specific sessions (higher education, vocational education and training, adult education and youth), please visit our clipboard: http://www.slideshare.net/ErasmusPlusUK/clipboards/2017-call-erasmus-information-sessions
Introduction the Erasmus+ programme for UK organisations interested in applying for funding in 2017. This is the main presentation. For slides from the sector-specific sessions (higher education, vocational education and training, schools, adult education and youth), please visit our clipboard: http://www.slideshare.net/ErasmusPlusUK/clipboards/2017-call-erasmus-information-sessions
This Key Action 1 adult education case study presentation was delivered by Sue Quinn-Aziz during the measuring impact workshop of the December 2015 Learning Networks event held in Cardiff.
Supporting Learning in Traumatic Conflicts: innovative responses to education...Alan Bruce
Overview of innovative educational responses to needs of traumatized groups with specific reference to refugee camps in Greece and theoretical perspectives of conflict resolution.
This presentation was delivered by UK National Agency senior project manager, Sonia Shakir, during the employability workshop of the May 2016 Learning Networks event held in Manchester.
A framework to assess climate finance readiness and initial results from four readiness assessments for the UNEP/UNDP/WRI GCF Readiness Program. Presentation by Pieter Terpstra, WRI Vulnerability and Adaptation Initiative.
Recognising the importance of the extra-European international dimension, especially in higher education, Erasmus+ now also offers opportunities for individuals to study work or teach in other parts of the world. It also makes the same opportunities available for students from these areas to come to study in Charter-holding higher education institutions in Europe. The ICM workshop will give you an overview and possibilities available under Erasmus+.
Presentation by Filipe Teles, University of Aveiro, Portugal, on the occasion of the the EESC workshop on Universities for Europe (Brussels, 13 June 2014)
Takeaway from the Third China - Africa Forest Governance Learning PlatformIIED
Rito Mabunda, forest programme coordinator at WWF Mozambique, presents his key takeaway points during the closing session of the third event of the China-Africa Forest Governance Learning Platform.
The presentation was made at the third event of the China-Africa Forest Governance Learning Platform, held in Beijing from 24-25 October 2016.
The event explored how China can help sustain Africa’s forests with a focus on the role of private sector actors and Chinese stakeholders in working with African stakeholders to promote pro-poor and sustainable investments and trade in Africa’s forests.
More details: www.iied.org/mists-china-africa-forests
Overview of Horizon Europe Clusters - Webinar Series | Culture, Creativity & ...KTN
KTN Global Alliance and Innovate UK present a series of webinars to tell us the opportunities available for the next European Funding Framework Programme: Horizon Europe, and give an overview on the six Clusters under Pillar 2: Global Challenges and European Industrial Competitiveness.
Horizon Europe - Cluster 1: Health & Cluster 2: Culture, Creativity & Inclusi...KTN
KTN Global Alliance and UK National Contract Points (NCPs) present a series of Horizon Europe Consortia Building webinars to support participants in brokering partnerships for European Research and Innovation collaborations and networking.
Erasmus+ Key Action 2&3 is all about improving practice and policy. Take a look at our presentation for more information about applying for Key Action 1 funding in 2018. This presentation was first delivered during our autumn information session events and was updated 18 December 2017. For more information visit our website: https://www.erasmusplus.org.uk/apply-for-funding
This presentation was part of the NCVO event - 'It's Our Community research workshop - East of England'.
This event was organised by NCVO, BIG Society CIC and Peterborough Council for Voluntary Service, to look at how European funding has been used to fund community-led solutions to local problems, and explore how this funding might be used in the future.
Ingrid Gardiner (EU manager) gave a presentation on European Structural and Investment Funds : Community Grants. NCVO co-ordinates the European Funding Network.
You can find out more about NCVO events on the European Funding Network website: http://europeanfundingnetwork.eu/events/ncvo-event
Presentation of the EuropeAid project with title "Make the Link: Technology Challenging Poverty" given by CARDET at the ICEM2014 conference in Eger, Hungary.
www.makethelink.eu
22 - 23 June 2022. Upscaling private sector participation and science-based outreach in West Africa. hosted by CSIR-STEPRI in Accra, Ghana. Science and Technology Policy Research Institute (STEPRI) one of thirteen institutes under the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) in Ghana.
Wat is de toekomst van zorg op afstand in Vlaanderen? Dat was de centrale vraag van het event van 17 juni. 100 deelnemers dachten hier samen over na. Studiebezoeken aan andere Europese regio's toonden dat daar reeds op grote schaal met telecare en telehealth gewerkt en geëxperimenteerd wordt.
The Privatization in Education and Human Rights ProjectPERIGlobal
This presentation provides and overview of PERI's Privatisation and Human Rights Project. The project on using human rights to address privatisation in education which PERI is involved in, the approach it is piloting, and the overall framework used.
Introduction the Erasmus+ programme for UK organisations interested in applying for funding in 2017. This presentation covers opportunities in the field of Youth. For slides with an overview of the programme and for other sector-specific sessions (higher education, vocational education and training, schools and adult education), please visit our clipboard: http://www.slideshare.net/ErasmusPlusUK/clipboards/2017-call-erasmus-information-sessions
A webinar exploring potential synergies and collaboration between European national, regional and transnational climate adaptation (knowledge) platforms (CAPs), EC-funded projects, and the Mission on Adaptation.
A number of European Commission (EC)-funded projects and the EU Mission Adaptation Community of Practice include as part of their respective work programmes, engaging with European national and regional/transnational climate adaptation (knowledge) platforms (CAPs).
Updates from the Global RCE Service Centre: 2020-2021ESD UNU-IAS
Updates from the Global RCE Service Centre: 2020-2021
Dr. Fumiko Noguchi, Research Fellow, UNU-IAS
13th Asia-Pacific RCE Regional Meeting
5 October, 2021
ClinVar: Aggregating Data to Improve Variant Interpretation - Melissa LandrumHuman Variome Project
The rate of variant discovery continues to surpass the rate of clinicalgrade interpretation. This is a challenge for precision medicine, because fast, reliable access to variant interpretations is necessary to provide well-informed and timely interpretations of test results to patients. ClinVar is a public repository for interpretations of clinical significance and functional effects of variants in any gene and for any disease. Interpretations are submitted by many sources, including clinical testing laboratories, research laboratories, locus-specific databases, expert panels, practice guidelines, as well as OMIM® and GeneReviews™. Collecting variant interpretations in ClinVar depends on integrating data from these different sources, which has several benefits. First, data integration requires standardizing the data from each source. This improves the quality of the data in ClinVar as well as in each of the individual datasets. ClinVar staff validate HGVS expressions as a routine part of ClinVar submission processing. Submitters are encouraged to use standard terms in MedGen for diseases and phenotypes. Standard terms for clinical significance are used in ClinVar when available; for example, ClinVar uses the terms recommended by ACMG to classify variants for Mendelian diseases. Secondly, ClinVar aggregates all data for a variant defined by its genomic location. Therefore, HGVS descriptions on different transcripts or on different genomic sequences can be recognized as the same variant. Thirdly, integrating data from multiple submitters allows the evidence from all sources to be pooled together. This larger collection of evidence aids the re-evaluation of variant classifications, and is especially valuable for rare variants and novel gene-disease relationships. Fourthly, data integration means that variant interpretations from different sources can be viewed together and compared. Thus a ClinVar user has access to interpretations outside any internal system and knows when there is consensus in the interpretation or not. Submitting laboratories use reports of conflicting interpretations in ClinVar to prioritize variants that they should re-evaluate. ClinVar receives data from many data providers, and therefore provides clear attribution to each contributing group, including links to records in LSDBs. Each source may update their submission to ClinVar at any time. For example, a record may be updated when a variant is re-classified or when additional evidence is available to support the interpretation. Submitters may consider providing regular updates to ClinVar to prevent their interpretations from becoming out of date. Submissions to ClinVar describe variants that range in complexity from simple alleles with explicit sequence locations through copy number changes and cytogenetic rearrangements with fuzzy boundaries.
Establishing validity, reproducibility, and utility of highly scalable geneti...Human Variome Project
Background: New technologies and increased competition have, and will continue to improve the cost-effectiveness of genetic testing, making genetic analysis more accessible to medical practices worldwide. However, challenges remain to establishing the validity of such tests. Moreover many patients harbor rare or novel variants and classification is likely to remain a bottleneck in broader deployment of genetic medicine.
The PhenX Toolkit: Standard Measures for Collaborative Research - Wayne HugginsHuman Variome Project
Introduction and Background: The Web-based PhenX Toolkit (consensus measures for Phenotypes and eXposures, https://www. phenxtoolkit.org/) is a catalog of standard measures designed to facilitate collaborative biomedical research. PhenX measures help ensure that phenotypes from different studies are collected and represented in a consistent format. This consistency can enable data comparability across sites in large cohorts (e.g., Precision Medicine Initiative) and facilitates combining data to validate clinically actionable variants, increase statistical power (e.g., studies of rare genetic conditions or gene-enviroment interactions), or compare treatments and outcomes between patients.
Legal and regulatory challenges to data sharing for clinical genetics and ge...Human Variome Project
There are many factors that impede genomic variant sharing in the UK, despite it becoming a necessary part of clinical care. These include the lack of a designated infrastructure or mechanism aggravated by the complexity of laws that apply, and fragmented and variable advice from local ‘Caldicott guardians’ who guide NHS trusts on their responsibilities concerning data protection and confidentiality. Since the legitimacy of data sharing in the UK is framed in terms of ‘personal data’ being shared for ‘direct care’ (subject to legal exceptions), the blurred boundaries between clinical care and research, and the spectrum of identifiability of data also lead to differing interpretations resulting in inconsistent practices.
In a multidisciplinary collaboration, the PHG Foundation and the UK’s Association for Clinical Genetic Science co-hosted a workshop to examine the clinical necessity for sharing variant data and associated phenotypic information, the technical feasibility and the legal and regulatory impediments to such sharing. Delegates included clinicians, laboratory scientists, and key policy makers, including the National Data Guardian for Health and Care and representatives from the 100,000 Genomes Project, a pioneering research project which promises to build a legacy for future genomics services in the UK. The key finding from our work was that current arrangements for sharing genomic variants within the NHS are unsatisfactory and inconsistent practices are compromising safety and quality. Our workshop report [1] highlights the urgent need for (i) national agreement to optimise sharing within the NHS and develop consensus on the legitimacy of data sharing, (ii) standardised operational processes, including a designated sustainable database or mechanism for sharing, and (iii) strong leadership by the multiple relevant health organisations to demonstrate the benefits and risks associated with sharing and not sharing data.
Since publication of the workshop report, the NHS Consortium (operating within the DECIPHER database) has reported a 120% increase in the number of cases shared, the 100,000 Genomes Project and associated data embassy have got underway and the EU Data Protection Regulation has been finalised. However research highlights continuing public reservations about some aspects of data sharing including commercial access and misgivings around secondary uses of data. Publication of the National Data Guardian’s long-awaited review of consent and security provisions to provide guidance on a new consent and opt-out model for sharing patient information in the NHS, has been delayed pending the results of the EU referendum being known. Against this backdrop, the imperative to develop robust, proportionate policies for genomic data sharing becomes increasingly acute.
Funding from the PHG Foundation and the Association for Clinical Genetic Science.
Human variome project quality assessment criteria for variation databases - M...Human Variome Project
Numerous databases containing information about DNA, RNA and protein variations are available. Gene-specific variant databases (locus specific variation databases, LSDBs) are typically curated and maintained for single genes or groups of genes for a certain disease(s). These databases are widely considered as the most reliable information source for a particular gene/protein/disease, but it should also be made clear they may have widely varying contents, infrastructure, and quality. Quality is very important to evaluate because these databases may affect health decision-making, research and clinical practice. The Human Variome Project (HVP) established a Working Group for Variant Database Quality Assessment. The basic principle was to develop a simple system that nevertheless provides a good overview of the quality of a database [1]. The HVP quality evaluation criteria that resulted are divided into four main components: data quality, technical quality, accessibility, and timeliness. Instructions are available for the developed quality criteria and how implementation of the quality scheme can be achieved ([1], http://www.humanvariomeproject.org/finish/19/255.html). Examples are provided for the current status of the quality items in two different databases, BTKbase, an LSDB, and ClinVar, a central archive of submissions about variants and their clinical significance.
Reference: [1] Vihinen, M., Hancock, J. M., Maglott, D. R., Landrum, M. J., Schaafsma, C. P., Taschner, P. Human Variome Project quality assessment scheme for variation databases. Hum. Mutat. (in press).
Mitochondrial diseases are characterized by a high clinical and genetic heterogeneity and a growing number of genes of mitochondrial disease has been identified. Mitochondrial diseases follow any mode of inheritance, due to the twofold genetic origin of RC components (nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA). 1 000 to 1 500 nuclear genes encode mitochondrial proteins. Approximately 250 of these genes have been reported as disease causing. These genes not only encode the various subunits of each respiratory chain complex, but also the ancillary proteins involved in the different stages of holoenzyme biogenesis, transcription, translation, chaperoning, addition of prosthetic groups and assembly of proteins, as well as the various enzymes involved in mtDNA maintenance. Some of these genes are associated with well defined syndromes but more and more are specific to one patient or family only, hampering to establish genotype-phenotype correlations. The clinical heterogeneity of these disorders makes the diagnosis difficult especially in the first years of the clinical course and other genetic diseases can present an overlapping phenotype. Therefore only the identification of the disease causing mutation allows to certainly establish the diagnosis of mitochondrial disease.
Dr. Rötig (PhD) is the head of the group working on mitochondrial diseases in Necker Hospital (Paris). This group has initially settled and integrated platform of clinic, biochemistry and molecular analysis to investigate patients with OXPHOS disease. The scientific field of this group is the identification of genes involved in mitochondrial disorders and the investigation of their pathophysiology. They have described the first non-neuromuscular presentation of mitochondrial diseases and characterized the very first mutations in nuclear genes resulting in defects of Krebs’s cycle or the respiratory chain.
Use of open, curated variant databases: ethics? Liability? - Bartha KnoppersHuman Variome Project
Translation of genomics into medicine and drug development requires comprehensive, high-quality, genomic variant databases. To support translation, there is a movement towards sharing clinical annotations of variants (e.g., benign, unknown, pathogenic) internationally via open access. Despite the growing popularity of variant databases, ethical issues and liability risks have received scant attention. Ethical priorities for variant databases include 1) competence – ensuring that data is responsibly managed, curated, and used; 2) confidentiality – ensuring appropriate safeguards for patient data; 3) communication – clearly describing the purpose, quality standards, and data handling practices to contributing patients and potential users; and 4) continuous oversight to adapt database governance in a rapidly evolving environment. How can database managers fulfill these obligations when these responsibilities are increasingly distributed along the clinical pipeline? Legal issues include medical liability based on potential harm to patients; liability based on third-party intellectual property or privacy rights in the data; and regulatory risks as variant data is integrated into genetic tests or devices. Can these risks can be managed through appropriate governance structures – including adequate consents, access processes, contributor agreements, and disclaimers – while still facilitating sharing and clinical use?
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
4. Introduction The Programme
Assistance to initiatives by Member States in UNESCO’s
fields of competence
1
What is the Participation Programme?
• Basic and natural sciences
• Culture
• Social & human sciences
• Education
• Communication & information
(as per biennial programme / C5)
UNESCO Participation Programme
5. Introduction The Programme
The Aims of the Programme
2
Aims of the Programme
• Projects approved are often preparation for large-scale
national projects
• Achieve its objectives by participating in the sub-regional, inter-
regional and regional projects, lead by its Member States and
directly related to the activities of UNESCO
• Strengthen the partnership between UNESCO and its Member
States as well as between UNESCO and International Non-
Governmental Organisations
• Boost the actions of the National Commissions for UNESCO
• Achieve better visibility of UNESCO’s action in its Member
States
UNESCO Participation Programme
6. Introduction The Programme
Applicant may choose form of assistance, either:
3
Nature and Level of Assistance
1. Project implementation by UNESCO, from Paris or field office
(only available to Member States, not to NGOs)
2. Financial contribution:
• National project: max. US$ 26,000
• Sub-regional projects: max. US$ 35,000
• Inter-regional projects: max. US$ 35,000
• Regional projects: max. US$ 46,000
UNESCO Participation Programme
Amount approved may differ from amount requested, following
sector evaluation and Intersectoral Committee recommendations
8. Project Examples The Programme
Gambia 2014-15
4
Project example: Least Developed Countries
• Building capacities and reinforcing mutual engagement of
sciences with society through training of solar PV technicians
• Funding: $25,000
• Priority:1
UNESCO Participation Programme
Cabo Verde 2014-15
• Proposal for a Casa da Sciencia do Mindelo
• Funding: $20,000
• Priority:1
9. Project Examples The Programme5
Project example: Developing Countries
UNESCO Participation Programme
South Africa 2014-15
• An African regional project to organise and manage an
international conference on information ethics
• Funding: $31,000
• Priority:1
Guyana 2014-15
• Country gap analysis: Sciences, technology and innovation
(STI) needs
• Funding: $26,000
• Priority:3
11. How to apply The Programme
a) Assistance is limited to
6
How to Apply - Basic Principles
• Member States (MS)
• Associate members or territories
• International Non-Governmental Organisations (INGOs)
having formal relations with UNESCO
UNESCO Participation Programme
b) Requests
• Requests to be submitted through the National Commission
(NC) for UNESCO
• or in case no NC, through designated government channel.
12. How to apply The Programme
Application of international NGOs
7
How to Apply - Basic Principles
• International non-governmental organisations in an official
partnership with UNESCO, may submit up to two requests
under the Participation Programme for projects with national,
subregional, regional or interregional impact
• Their request is required to be supported by at least the
Member State where the project is to be implemented and
another Member State concerned by the request
• In the absence of supporting letters, no such requests may be
considered
UNESCO Participation Programme
13. How to apply The Programme
Priority groups indicated in 37 C/Resolution 72
and 38 C/Resolutions 76 in particular for
8
Who is the Participation Programme for?
• Least developed countries (LDCs)
• Developing countries
• Post-conflict and post-disaster countries
• Small island developing states (SIDS)
• Countries in transition
• Middle-income countries
As a cross-cutting theme, gender equality is a major goal of
UNESCO and therefore requires to be included as a priority of
the project
UNESCO Participation Programme
14. How to apply The Programme
How many requests are issued every year?
9
Number of Requests
• General Conference decides on max. number of requests per
MS and INGO
• Member states are allowed to submit a maximum of seven
requests
• INGOs may submit up to two requests
• Requires to be numbered in order of priority (from 1 to7
or 1 to 2)
UNESCO Participation Programme
15. How to apply The Programme
Type of Projects Supported
10
Type of Projects
• Preparation of large-scale national projects (in turn supported
by international funding or national budget)
• Organising meeting, seminar or training courses
• Recruiting consultant or specialist
• Purchasing equipment
• Fellowships or study grants
• Financing for publications or documentations
UNESCO Participation Programme
16. How to apply The Programme
a) Application Form
11
How to Apply?
• Requests should be submitted in electronic form
http://www.unesco.org/pp/submissions/38c5
UNESCO Participation Programme
b) Deadline for Submission set by the General Conference
• 28 February 2016 for African countries, least
developed countries (LDCs) and small island
developing states (SIDS)
• 31 August 2016 for all other eligible countries and non-
governmental organisations in official partnership with
UNESCO
17. Thank you!
For more information on the programme, please
contact:
Casimiro Vizzini
c.vizzini@unesco.org
Alex Da Silva
a.da-silva@unesco.org
UNESCO Participation Programme