Understanding scales (optional)
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This document discusses the physics of sound waves and how they relate to musical scales and harmony. It explains that sounds are waves that can be measured by their high and low points over time. The lower the pitch of a sound, the longer the wavelength. When two sounds interact, they can either be dissonant by opposing each other, or consonant by matching at certain points. Nature creates a harmonic series where sounds mathematically align. Pythagoras discovered this relationship by experimenting with different instruments and realized notes have mathematical relationships that build musical scales. The harmonic series provides the frequency ratios that define each note of a scale.
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The guitar produces different sounds through each string because they have different masses and tensions. Lighter strings with higher tension vibrate faster, producing a higher pitch. When plucked, a string vibrates not just at its fundamental frequency but also at integer multiples called overtones. The combination of the fundamental and overtones create the distinctive sound of each string. Tuning tweaks the string tension, altering the vibration frequency and thereby changing the pitch.
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This piece of music started by piano with a really light soft and slow melody and rhythm.
However, I found it boring due to the monophony of the music. To me, it sounds too peacefully
and that is because it mainly focuses with lower keys and the tempo is constantly same. On the
other hand, as it moves to the second movement, there is some rhythm changes in some phrases,
it made the work more interesting. The harmonies sound dissonant, but since the rhythm has
changed to a soft and “jumping” between each notes, that makes this work to be a unique feeling
and it makes me as an audience happy. In the third movement, which is the one I like to most
comparing with the previous two movements. It played with my expectation because it has a
stronger rhythm and not only contains slow tempo, it changes to faster tempo and suddenly to
slow tempo. Moreover, it also contains the elements of Intermediate Cadence in the middle of
the work. This effect makes a unique feeling as well. Overall, this work contains a strong rhythm
and it is soft and pleasant.
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La Mer is a piece of work that has a storyboard. It is clearly noticed that there are many different
instruments playing at once which the texture is homophonic. They work well together and it is
perfectly matches each other. Therefore, the piece sounds interesting and comfortable since the
harmony is consonant. More importantly, the use of dynamic makes this piece of work sounds a
story, it uses crescendo to show the climax of the work, and uses differently instruments to play
different mood in the scene. As it moving forward, the rhythm changes to a faster pace, the
harmony became dissonant and the dynamics is much louder and therefore it created a tension
kind of feelings. In conclusion, this piece of music contains different elements that instrument
clearly shows the different mood of the music and it is very interesting to listen to.
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Kammersymphonie(1906) sounds like a piece of work that has a storyboard as well. I found this
piece of work is sometimes too hard to focus on due to the amount different musical line playing
at the same time. Also, there are some parts which many instruments play at once and all of them
play very loud, this make it even more harder to focus. The rhythm did a good job, sometimes
it’s fast and sometimes it’s slow, this slightly differences make the music more interesting and it
helps to show the scene behind and to express the mood. Most of the time, this piece has a high
tension. It uses finger to plucked the violent which make the piece special. It plays a special
ticking sound. The uses of crescendo and decrescendo make the work a stronger impression.
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2. It provides notation for various string techniques involving density, harmonics, inharmonics, vibrato, glissando, and special effects like ricochet and trepidando verticale.
3. Formulas using these techniques are inserted into squares with numbers and connected by lines, and are meant to be played freely in an improvisatory manner to systematically explore timbre, texture, and sound effects.
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1) Brahms was a German composer influenced by Hungarian folk music, especially after meeting Hungarian violinists. He incorporated elements of Hungarian folk music into his own compositions.
2) Brahms composed 21 Hungarian Dances for piano, some of which he later orchestrated. Hungarian Dances No. 1, 5, 6, and 16 are discussed in the document.
3) Changes in tempo are an important musical element that can impact the mood of a piece. Having students experience different tempi helps them understand how tempo influences music.
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1) It discusses the three main modes used in Flamenco - Ionian (Major), Aeolian (Natural Minor), and Phrygian - and how they are constructed from the chromatic scale on guitar.
2) It outlines the five main keys used in Flamenco - E, A, D, G, and B - which are determined by which notes fall on the open strings relative to the capo position.
3) It introduces the concept of the "question and answer" in Flamenco harmony, where the V-I progression acts as the question and resolution, and how
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The document discusses the concept of timbre, which refers to the characteristic quality of a sound that allows the human ear to distinguish between different musical instruments playing the same note. Timbre is determined by the complex frequency spectrum of each note, including the relative volumes of different harmonics. Understanding timbre is important in music production, as the goal is to accurately record, store, and reproduce the characteristic timbre of different sounds and instruments. Sonograms provide a visualization of a sound's changing frequency spectrum over time, revealing the differences in timbre between instruments like violins and trumpets.
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Three Sarabandes(1877) by Erik Satie(1866-1925) This piec.docx
Three Sarabandes(1877) by Erik Satie(1866-1925)
This piece of music started by piano with a really light soft and slow melody and rhythm.
However, I found it boring due to the monophony of the music. To me, it sounds too peacefully
and that is because it mainly focuses with lower keys and the tempo is constantly same. On the
other hand, as it moves to the second movement, there is some rhythm changes in some phrases,
it made the work more interesting. The harmonies sound dissonant, but since the rhythm has
changed to a soft and “jumping” between each notes, that makes this work to be a unique feeling
and it makes me as an audience happy. In the third movement, which is the one I like to most
comparing with the previous two movements. It played with my expectation because it has a
stronger rhythm and not only contains slow tempo, it changes to faster tempo and suddenly to
slow tempo. Moreover, it also contains the elements of Intermediate Cadence in the middle of
the work. This effect makes a unique feeling as well. Overall, this work contains a strong rhythm
and it is soft and pleasant.
La Mer (1905)
La Mer is a piece of work that has a storyboard. It is clearly noticed that there are many different
instruments playing at once which the texture is homophonic. They work well together and it is
perfectly matches each other. Therefore, the piece sounds interesting and comfortable since the
harmony is consonant. More importantly, the use of dynamic makes this piece of work sounds a
story, it uses crescendo to show the climax of the work, and uses differently instruments to play
different mood in the scene. As it moving forward, the rhythm changes to a faster pace, the
harmony became dissonant and the dynamics is much louder and therefore it created a tension
kind of feelings. In conclusion, this piece of music contains different elements that instrument
clearly shows the different mood of the music and it is very interesting to listen to.
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Kammersymphonie(1906) sounds like a piece of work that has a storyboard as well. I found this
piece of work is sometimes too hard to focus on due to the amount different musical line playing
at the same time. Also, there are some parts which many instruments play at once and all of them
play very loud, this make it even more harder to focus. The rhythm did a good job, sometimes
it’s fast and sometimes it’s slow, this slightly differences make the music more interesting and it
helps to show the scene behind and to express the mood. Most of the time, this piece has a high
tension. It uses finger to plucked the violent which make the piece special. It plays a special
ticking sound. The uses of crescendo and decrescendo make the work a stronger impression.
Overall, this piece of music makes me feel the storyboard behind and a little depress mood.
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Similar to Understanding scales (optional) (20)
An application of abstract algebra to music theory
An application of abstract algebra to music theory
Three Sarabandes(1877) by Erik Satie(1866-1925) This piec.docx
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Solfege continued
This document discusses solfége, a system used to teach sight-singing. It introduces movable Do solfége, where Do is based on the root of the key. It provides examples of movable Do hand signs in different keys like D major. It then discusses how to find Do in any key using the key signature, with C major and F major as examples to memorize. Two rules are given for determining Do from the sharps or flats: for sharps it's the note above the last sharp, and for flats it's the second to last flat. The rest of the document walks through practice finding Do in all key signatures and provides an example of how to mark up a piece of music for sol
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The document discusses key signatures and how they are determined. It introduces the major scale, the letter names for notes, and the 12 possible keys. It provides the key signatures for C major and F major to memorize. Rules are given for determining sharps or flats in a key signature based on the last sharp or second to last flat. Examples of applying the rules to find E major and A-flat major are shown. Finally, all the key signatures are listed along with their relative minors.
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Solfege for Dummies
Solfége is a musical method used to teach sight-singing by labeling each note of a scale with a syllable and hand-sign, covering the visual, auditory and kinesthetic levels. The method is believed to originate from the syllables "Sol" and "Fa" used to sing scales. Zoltán Kodály popularized the method in the early 20th century as part of the Kodály Method. Each note of the major scale has a specific hand-sign position starting at belly-button level for Do and ending at forehead level for Do'. The half-step transitions between notes are indicated by the finger pointing the direction of the leading tone.
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Understanding scales (optional)
- 1. Sound to Music (understanding Scales)
- 2. ● Sounds are waves moving through a medium (air) ● Just like any wave, we can chart the high and low point of the wave graphically ● The lower the sound, the longer the period of the wave ● The higher the sound, the shorter the period of the wave over time ● When two waves interact together, they can either go against one another (dissonance) or they can match at specific points (consonance)
- 3. ● Because of the mathmatical relationship of sound waves to one another, nature creates what is called the “Harmonic Series” ● This series matches the points where the waves will intersect one another ● The fundimental pitch is the lowest (and slowest) wave but as you increase the speed, you simply increase the number of times the wave moves within the fundimental pitch. ● Therefore, fundimental pitches typically contain all the harmonies in the harmonic series.
- 4. ● Pythagoras was the first to figure out this relationship. ● He played with different size anvils, bells, strings and wooden flutes and realized there was a mathamtical relationship between them. ● This mathmatical relationship in nature is why specific notes interact well with eachother building the different scales.
- 5. ● The harmonic series does not directly give us the scale, instead it gives us the ratios of each scale degree. ● 1 (fundimental), ● 2 9th harmonic or 8/9 ● 3 5th harmonic or 4/5 ● 4 11th harmonic or ¾ ● 5 3rd harmonic 2/3 ● 6 12th harmonic 5/8 ● 7 15th harmonic 8/15 ● 8 2nd harmonic 1/2
- 6. For the Mathmatically Inclined
- 7. Intervals ● When two notes are played together, the difference in the peaks of the two notes creates a “beat” pattern. ● The more offset they are, the more beats there are between them.
- 8. Common Frequency ● Although note names have been given to pitches since musicians began writing in all 12 keys, the decision to standardize the actual beat frequency of the note A above middle C didn't happen until 1936. ● A 440 is still debated upon but stays the standard “concert pitch in the UK and the Unied States.