The document discusses techniques for measuring blood flow rate. It describes electromagnetic blood flow meters and ultrasound blood flow meters as the two main types of blood flow meters. It provides details on the operating principle of electromagnetic blood flow meters, which measure the voltage induced in blood flow by a magnetic field to determine flow rate. It also discusses different designs of electromagnetic flow meters, including sine wave and square wave types.
Medical instrumentation- cardiac arrhythmia, pacemaker, defibrillatorPoornima D
The document discusses cardiac arrhythmias and arrhythmia monitoring instruments. It provides information on different types of arrhythmias and how arrhythmia monitors work. Arrhythmia monitors detect abnormal heartbeats and issue alarms. They work by storing a normal heartbeat as a reference, then detecting ectopic or irregular beats and generating alarms when certain thresholds are crossed. The document also describes the basic components and functions of an arrhythmia monitoring system, including signal conditioning, QRS detection, morphology characterization, and beat labeling.
Chronic prostatitis is ruining your lifeAmandaChou9
Chronic prostatitis can bring great harms to men. So, treat it with herbal medicine Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill to achieve the curative effect.
4 diseases can cause erectile dysfunction in menwalterHu5
For erectile dysfunction caused by some reproductive system diseases, especially orchitis, epididymitis, and prostatitis, herbal medicine Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill is pronounced.
Bacterial vaginosis- fuyan pill is better than antibioticsFFragrant
The document discusses bacterial vaginosis, a common vaginal infection caused by an imbalance of bacteria. It describes the symptoms of abnormal discharge and odor. Left untreated, it can lead to complications during pregnancy like premature birth or low birth weight. While antibiotics are normally used, traditional Chinese herbal medicine provides a safer alternative, like Fuyan Pill, that does not harm beneficial bacteria. Regular testing, especially during pregnancy, and early treatment are recommended to prevent worsening issues.
The document discusses noise sources and control methods for ball mills. It states that the main noise sources are collisions between balls and the mill interior from the grinding process. Control methods include adding sound insulation covers to the mill, using elastic liners, wrapping insulation around the drum wall, and designing dedicated insulation rooms. Proper insulation can reduce noise levels by up to 12 decibels.
Take Herbal Remedies to Treat Urinary Tract Infections in MenwalterHu5
This document discusses urinary tract infections in men and provides recommendations for treatment and prevention. It notes that urinary tract infections can lead to complications like infertility if not treated properly. Both Western and traditional Chinese medicines are recommended for treatment, including antibiotics under a doctor's guidance and herbal diuretic and anti-inflammatory pills. Lifestyle habits like drinking plenty of water, urinating frequently, showering daily, and changing underwear are also encouraged to prevent urinary tract infections.
Medical instrumentation- cardiac arrhythmia, pacemaker, defibrillatorPoornima D
The document discusses cardiac arrhythmias and arrhythmia monitoring instruments. It provides information on different types of arrhythmias and how arrhythmia monitors work. Arrhythmia monitors detect abnormal heartbeats and issue alarms. They work by storing a normal heartbeat as a reference, then detecting ectopic or irregular beats and generating alarms when certain thresholds are crossed. The document also describes the basic components and functions of an arrhythmia monitoring system, including signal conditioning, QRS detection, morphology characterization, and beat labeling.
Chronic prostatitis is ruining your lifeAmandaChou9
Chronic prostatitis can bring great harms to men. So, treat it with herbal medicine Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill to achieve the curative effect.
4 diseases can cause erectile dysfunction in menwalterHu5
For erectile dysfunction caused by some reproductive system diseases, especially orchitis, epididymitis, and prostatitis, herbal medicine Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill is pronounced.
Bacterial vaginosis- fuyan pill is better than antibioticsFFragrant
The document discusses bacterial vaginosis, a common vaginal infection caused by an imbalance of bacteria. It describes the symptoms of abnormal discharge and odor. Left untreated, it can lead to complications during pregnancy like premature birth or low birth weight. While antibiotics are normally used, traditional Chinese herbal medicine provides a safer alternative, like Fuyan Pill, that does not harm beneficial bacteria. Regular testing, especially during pregnancy, and early treatment are recommended to prevent worsening issues.
The document discusses noise sources and control methods for ball mills. It states that the main noise sources are collisions between balls and the mill interior from the grinding process. Control methods include adding sound insulation covers to the mill, using elastic liners, wrapping insulation around the drum wall, and designing dedicated insulation rooms. Proper insulation can reduce noise levels by up to 12 decibels.
Take Herbal Remedies to Treat Urinary Tract Infections in MenwalterHu5
This document discusses urinary tract infections in men and provides recommendations for treatment and prevention. It notes that urinary tract infections can lead to complications like infertility if not treated properly. Both Western and traditional Chinese medicines are recommended for treatment, including antibiotics under a doctor's guidance and herbal diuretic and anti-inflammatory pills. Lifestyle habits like drinking plenty of water, urinating frequently, showering daily, and changing underwear are also encouraged to prevent urinary tract infections.
The document discusses resources available on the website www.1ppt.com, including templates, materials, backgrounds, charts, tutorials, files and fonts for PowerPoint, Word and Excel. It provides links to download PPT templates, industry templates, holiday templates, materials, backgrounds, charts, excellent PPTs, tutorials for PowerPoint, Word and Excel, materials, courseware, papers, test papers, lesson plans and fonts. Tables and charts show trends in data traffic growth, 5G forecasts and characteristics of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The document promotes subtracting overlapping investments, simplifying architectures, enhancing coverage, capacity and bandwidth, improving services and experience, and enabling end-to-end AI optimization of networks
handheld night vision IR laser illumination cameraElsa Wang
handheld night vision NIR laser illumination camera, adopt 915/940nm laser illuminator, hidden to get evidence, suitable for police and law enforcement department.
This document provides information about PPT templates, materials, tutorials and downloads that are available on the website www.1ppt.com. It also covers various categories like industry PPT templates, holiday PPT templates, PPT backgrounds, charts, excellent PPT downloads, Word tutorials, Excel tutorials, study materials, courseware downloads, papers, and test downloads. The website www.1ppt.com seems to provide a wide range of PPT and office templates and tutorials.
Avoid 3 things and eat 3 food to beat prostatitisAmandaChou9
Men can beat prostatitis by doing three things and eating three foods. Also, drug treatment is important, like natural medicine Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill
Food Therapy for Sexual Dysfunction Caused by Chronic ProstatitisAmandaChou9
This document discusses various foods that can help treat sexual dysfunction caused by chronic prostatitis. It recommends consuming superfoods like blueberries, L-arginine, maca, high-quality protein, proper amounts of fat, zinc, vitamins A, C, E. These foods enhance blood flow, boost immunity, balance hormones, and provide nutrients that promote testicular and sperm health. The document also notes that dietary changes should be combined with drug treatments for chronic prostatitis.
What Makes Fuyan Pill Safe without Side Effects?FFragrant
Fuyan Pill can treat many female reproductive system and multiple gynecological diseases, like blocked fallopian tubes, hydrosalpinx, endometriosis, adenomyosis, PID, etc. without side effects.
This document contains information about CANMAX WORLD, a digital solutions provider. It includes their mission, vision and values, which center around innovation and empowering businesses. It also lists their headquarters location in Canada and upcoming expansion plans. Various digital solutions and packages are described, along with details of their income plan for referrals.
This document provides information about CANMAX WORLD, a digital solutions company. It includes their mission, vision and values, as well as details about their headquarters location, packages/plans, and income opportunities. CANMAX WORLD offers end-to-end digital solutions like web development, mobile apps, and digital marketing to help businesses succeed. They are committed to innovation and customer satisfaction.
This document provides information about CANMAX WORLD, a digital solutions company. It includes their mission, vision and values, which center around innovation and empowering businesses. The document lists their headquarters location and contact information. It also outlines some of the digital solutions and services they offer like web development, mobile apps, and digital marketing. Packages and an income plan are presented. Various international office locations are listed as well.
The document discusses GDP (gross domestic product) and how it is measured. It provides information on the different approaches used to determine GDP, including the production, income, and expenditure approaches. It also discusses the differences between GDP and GNI (gross national income) and how national economies are measured. Various terms and concepts related to GDP are defined.
This document provides links to download various types of PPT templates, materials, and tutorials from the website www.1ppt.com, including PPT templates, industry templates, holiday templates, backgrounds, charts, examples, and tutorials for PPT, Word, Excel, as well as materials, courseware, papers, and exam questions. It also contains information about the company Suaoki, describing it as socially conscious and committed to offering brilliant yet affordable and eco-friendly products worldwide.
Chap2_procurement in the hospitality sector and industryjimmyk12
procurement for hospitality procurement for hospitalityprocurement for hospitalityprocurement for hospitalityprocurement for hospitalityprocurement for hospitalityprocurement for hospitalityprocurement for hospitality
The document contains instructions and links for downloading various types of files from the website www.homeppt.com, including PPT templates, industry templates, holiday templates, materials, backgrounds, charts, excellent PPTs, tutorials for PPT, Word, Excel, resources, courseware, samples, exam papers, lesson plans and fonts. It also includes the structure of a typical PPT presentation with sections for company introduction, project introduction, product operation and development plan. Placeholder text and instructions are provided for customizing the content for different sections and slides.
The document discusses information about Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, the 11th President of India. It states that he was born in 1931 in Tamil Nadu and was a scientist and engineer who played a key role in developing India's missile and nuclear weapons programs. As a physicist, he worked on projects with the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) and Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), making significant contributions to various programs related to national security. He served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007 and was widely known as the "Missile Man of India" for his work on development of ballistic missile and launch vehicle technology.
This is about Innovation. What is the definition of innovation?
Innovation is a process by which a domain, a product, or a service is renewed and brought up to date by applying new processes, introducing new techniques, or establishing successful ideas to create new value. The creation of value is a defining characteristic of innovation.What is Innovation in Entrepreneurship? Innovation in entrepreneurship means the practice of creating new business ideas and plans with the intention of generating profits, helping the community, and accompanying company goals.
Entrepreneurship and innovation are closely related but distinct concepts. While innovation involves introducing something new, such as a business model, product, idea, or service, entrepreneurship focuses on turning a great idea into a viable business opportunity.This subject introduces students to the essential aspects of innovation and entrepreneurship in a digital world. The objective is to prepare the first-year students with an entrepreneurial mindset and apply innovative strategies to find creative solutions that benefit both organizations and society in the age of digital transformation.
This subject delivers course content, including definitions, concepts, models, cases, videos, interviews by the online asynchronous method. Students can interact via discussion, quizzes, and reflection, and learn from the responses and feedback from their peers.study in Innovation and Entrepreneurship prepares students to become entrepreneurial leaders who can transform innovative ideas into positive impact. They develop the mindsets, tools, and practical skills to disrupt our ways of ‘doing’ business, community, and policy with purpose. Students have the opportunity not only to collaborate with peers from diverse disciplinary backgrounds to creatively solve real-world problems, but also to apply their learning in a range of areas that includes launching new ventures, product and service development, social and technological innovation for sustainability, music festivals and arts event management, and digital games. With the help of design thinking, agile project management, and experiential learning focused on innovators’ skills and actions, they develop a critical understanding of the grand challenges we are facing and learn to operate resiliently under ambiguity and uncertainty. Leveraging a pool of cross-faculty units and co-curricular activities like the start-up programs Genesis and Incubate, the Innovation and Entrepreneurship major facilitates diverse student project groups, co-creation and actual venture-building. Regardless of whether students seek to launch their own for-profit or social venture or to join an existing organisation as ‘intrapreneurs,’ they develop crucial future-of-work skills such as creativity, innovation management, and experience design. The Innovation and Entrepreneurship major brings together a multidisciplinary cohort of undergraduate students, academics, and prac
Bachelor- thesis, optimization of wireless power transfer coils using finite ...Danish Bangash
This document summarizes a student's final engineering project on optimizing wireless power transfer coils using finite element simulation. The student aims to investigate and increase the efficiency of inductive coils by optimizing their design using FEMM simulation software. Key steps include modeling coil designs in FEMM, verifying parameters in PSpice, performing mathematical calculations, and testing a practical coil model. Results show efficiency increases with frequency, with a maximum achieved. The student also explores hypotheses for multi-turn coil designs and their effects on efficiency. In conclusion, simulations, calculations, and practical testing supported optimizing coil design for wireless power transfer.
Synchronous motor speed control using electric drives.pptxPoornima D
This PPT explains the synchronous motor speed control using solid state devices and circuits. It also gives an introduction to permanent magnet synchronous motor
The document discusses resources available on the website www.1ppt.com, including templates, materials, backgrounds, charts, tutorials, files and fonts for PowerPoint, Word and Excel. It provides links to download PPT templates, industry templates, holiday templates, materials, backgrounds, charts, excellent PPTs, tutorials for PowerPoint, Word and Excel, materials, courseware, papers, test papers, lesson plans and fonts. Tables and charts show trends in data traffic growth, 5G forecasts and characteristics of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The document promotes subtracting overlapping investments, simplifying architectures, enhancing coverage, capacity and bandwidth, improving services and experience, and enabling end-to-end AI optimization of networks
handheld night vision IR laser illumination cameraElsa Wang
handheld night vision NIR laser illumination camera, adopt 915/940nm laser illuminator, hidden to get evidence, suitable for police and law enforcement department.
This document provides information about PPT templates, materials, tutorials and downloads that are available on the website www.1ppt.com. It also covers various categories like industry PPT templates, holiday PPT templates, PPT backgrounds, charts, excellent PPT downloads, Word tutorials, Excel tutorials, study materials, courseware downloads, papers, and test downloads. The website www.1ppt.com seems to provide a wide range of PPT and office templates and tutorials.
Avoid 3 things and eat 3 food to beat prostatitisAmandaChou9
Men can beat prostatitis by doing three things and eating three foods. Also, drug treatment is important, like natural medicine Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill
Food Therapy for Sexual Dysfunction Caused by Chronic ProstatitisAmandaChou9
This document discusses various foods that can help treat sexual dysfunction caused by chronic prostatitis. It recommends consuming superfoods like blueberries, L-arginine, maca, high-quality protein, proper amounts of fat, zinc, vitamins A, C, E. These foods enhance blood flow, boost immunity, balance hormones, and provide nutrients that promote testicular and sperm health. The document also notes that dietary changes should be combined with drug treatments for chronic prostatitis.
What Makes Fuyan Pill Safe without Side Effects?FFragrant
Fuyan Pill can treat many female reproductive system and multiple gynecological diseases, like blocked fallopian tubes, hydrosalpinx, endometriosis, adenomyosis, PID, etc. without side effects.
This document contains information about CANMAX WORLD, a digital solutions provider. It includes their mission, vision and values, which center around innovation and empowering businesses. It also lists their headquarters location in Canada and upcoming expansion plans. Various digital solutions and packages are described, along with details of their income plan for referrals.
This document provides information about CANMAX WORLD, a digital solutions company. It includes their mission, vision and values, as well as details about their headquarters location, packages/plans, and income opportunities. CANMAX WORLD offers end-to-end digital solutions like web development, mobile apps, and digital marketing to help businesses succeed. They are committed to innovation and customer satisfaction.
This document provides information about CANMAX WORLD, a digital solutions company. It includes their mission, vision and values, which center around innovation and empowering businesses. The document lists their headquarters location and contact information. It also outlines some of the digital solutions and services they offer like web development, mobile apps, and digital marketing. Packages and an income plan are presented. Various international office locations are listed as well.
The document discusses GDP (gross domestic product) and how it is measured. It provides information on the different approaches used to determine GDP, including the production, income, and expenditure approaches. It also discusses the differences between GDP and GNI (gross national income) and how national economies are measured. Various terms and concepts related to GDP are defined.
This document provides links to download various types of PPT templates, materials, and tutorials from the website www.1ppt.com, including PPT templates, industry templates, holiday templates, backgrounds, charts, examples, and tutorials for PPT, Word, Excel, as well as materials, courseware, papers, and exam questions. It also contains information about the company Suaoki, describing it as socially conscious and committed to offering brilliant yet affordable and eco-friendly products worldwide.
Chap2_procurement in the hospitality sector and industryjimmyk12
procurement for hospitality procurement for hospitalityprocurement for hospitalityprocurement for hospitalityprocurement for hospitalityprocurement for hospitalityprocurement for hospitalityprocurement for hospitality
The document contains instructions and links for downloading various types of files from the website www.homeppt.com, including PPT templates, industry templates, holiday templates, materials, backgrounds, charts, excellent PPTs, tutorials for PPT, Word, Excel, resources, courseware, samples, exam papers, lesson plans and fonts. It also includes the structure of a typical PPT presentation with sections for company introduction, project introduction, product operation and development plan. Placeholder text and instructions are provided for customizing the content for different sections and slides.
The document discusses information about Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, the 11th President of India. It states that he was born in 1931 in Tamil Nadu and was a scientist and engineer who played a key role in developing India's missile and nuclear weapons programs. As a physicist, he worked on projects with the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) and Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), making significant contributions to various programs related to national security. He served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007 and was widely known as the "Missile Man of India" for his work on development of ballistic missile and launch vehicle technology.
This is about Innovation. What is the definition of innovation?
Innovation is a process by which a domain, a product, or a service is renewed and brought up to date by applying new processes, introducing new techniques, or establishing successful ideas to create new value. The creation of value is a defining characteristic of innovation.What is Innovation in Entrepreneurship? Innovation in entrepreneurship means the practice of creating new business ideas and plans with the intention of generating profits, helping the community, and accompanying company goals.
Entrepreneurship and innovation are closely related but distinct concepts. While innovation involves introducing something new, such as a business model, product, idea, or service, entrepreneurship focuses on turning a great idea into a viable business opportunity.This subject introduces students to the essential aspects of innovation and entrepreneurship in a digital world. The objective is to prepare the first-year students with an entrepreneurial mindset and apply innovative strategies to find creative solutions that benefit both organizations and society in the age of digital transformation.
This subject delivers course content, including definitions, concepts, models, cases, videos, interviews by the online asynchronous method. Students can interact via discussion, quizzes, and reflection, and learn from the responses and feedback from their peers.study in Innovation and Entrepreneurship prepares students to become entrepreneurial leaders who can transform innovative ideas into positive impact. They develop the mindsets, tools, and practical skills to disrupt our ways of ‘doing’ business, community, and policy with purpose. Students have the opportunity not only to collaborate with peers from diverse disciplinary backgrounds to creatively solve real-world problems, but also to apply their learning in a range of areas that includes launching new ventures, product and service development, social and technological innovation for sustainability, music festivals and arts event management, and digital games. With the help of design thinking, agile project management, and experiential learning focused on innovators’ skills and actions, they develop a critical understanding of the grand challenges we are facing and learn to operate resiliently under ambiguity and uncertainty. Leveraging a pool of cross-faculty units and co-curricular activities like the start-up programs Genesis and Incubate, the Innovation and Entrepreneurship major facilitates diverse student project groups, co-creation and actual venture-building. Regardless of whether students seek to launch their own for-profit or social venture or to join an existing organisation as ‘intrapreneurs,’ they develop crucial future-of-work skills such as creativity, innovation management, and experience design. The Innovation and Entrepreneurship major brings together a multidisciplinary cohort of undergraduate students, academics, and prac
Bachelor- thesis, optimization of wireless power transfer coils using finite ...Danish Bangash
This document summarizes a student's final engineering project on optimizing wireless power transfer coils using finite element simulation. The student aims to investigate and increase the efficiency of inductive coils by optimizing their design using FEMM simulation software. Key steps include modeling coil designs in FEMM, verifying parameters in PSpice, performing mathematical calculations, and testing a practical coil model. Results show efficiency increases with frequency, with a maximum achieved. The student also explores hypotheses for multi-turn coil designs and their effects on efficiency. In conclusion, simulations, calculations, and practical testing supported optimizing coil design for wireless power transfer.
Similar to medical instrumentation- blood flow rate and plethysmograph (19)
Synchronous motor speed control using electric drives.pptxPoornima D
This PPT explains the synchronous motor speed control using solid state devices and circuits. It also gives an introduction to permanent magnet synchronous motor
Introduction to Electric Drive and their Charactersitics.pptxPoornima D
This includes the definition and characteristics of an electric drive. This also explains the steady-state stability of an electric drive, its multi-quadrant dynamics, Classification of load torques, load torque characteristics, Heating and cooling curves, Classes of Motor duty, and Selection Of Power Rating For Drive Motors With Regard To Thermal Overloading And Load Variation Factors
Power Electronics-DC-AC Converters/Inverters.pptxPoornima D
This PPT is about DC-AC , also known as Inverters. Their types, Control methodologies, PWM Techniques, Harmonic Reduction are also explained in this PPT.
Power Electronics - Phase Controlled Converters.pptxPoornima D
A detailed analysis of the Controlled Converters with SCR. it contains a single-phase Fully controlled- Half Wave and Full Wave Rectifier with R, RL and RLC loads., Three Phase Fully controlled- Half Wave and Full Wave Rectifier with R, RL and RLC loads. Dual Converters. It also explains the effect of source inductance on the performance of converters
This document discusses uncontrolled rectifiers, which use power diodes to convert AC input voltage to DC output voltage. Uncontrolled rectifiers cannot control the on/off timing of the diodes. As a result, the average output voltage is fixed and cannot be controlled. The document then examines various rectifier circuit configurations including single phase half wave and full wave rectifiers, and three phase half wave and full wave rectifiers. It analyzes the operation of these rectifiers with resistive and resistive-inductive loads.
The document discusses power electronics and provides three key points:
1. Power electronics is the technology associated with efficient conversion and control of electric power using power semiconductor devices. It involves the application of circuit theory and analytical tools for efficient power conversion.
2. Power electronics has wide-ranging applications from daily appliances to automotive, industrial, renewable energy, and utility systems. It is used in devices like fans, air conditioners, electric vehicles, motor drives, solar panels, and HVDC transmission.
3. The core components of power electronics are power semiconductor switches like diodes, thyristors, MOSFETs, and IGBTs. Power electronic circuits can be classified as diode rectifiers, AC
Medical instrumentation- patient monitoring systems Poornima D
Patient monitoring systems continuously measure important physiological parameters of critically ill patients. They display this medical data to care providers to help detect medical issues. A typical patient monitoring system uses sensors to measure values like ECG, heart rate, blood pressure, temperature, and respiration rate. It then sends this data to a bedside monitor or central monitoring station for clinicians to view. Modern systems use microcomputers and touchscreens instead of traditional devices. They organize data to improve patient care, set alarms, and help ensure patients receive better treatment with fewer medical staff.
Medical Instrumentation- body parameters measurementPoornima D
This document provides information on different methods for measuring various body parameters, including blood pressure, body temperature, and respiration rate.
It describes both direct and indirect methods for measuring blood pressure, such as using a catheter or sphygmomanometer. It also discusses different categories of blood pressure readings.
For measuring body temperature, it explains the use of mercury-in-glass thermometers as well as electronic thermometers that incorporate thermistors or thermocouples.
Finally, it summarizes various techniques for monitoring respiration rate, such as the displacement method, thermistor method, impedance pneumography, measuring carbon dioxide levels, and using apnoea detectors.
Medical Instrumentation- EMG,ERG,EOG,PCGPoornima D
This document summarizes various medical instrumentation techniques including electromyography (EMG), electrooculography (EOG), electroretinography (ERG), and phonocardiography (PCG). It describes what each technique measures, how it is performed, and what the recorded signals can indicate about physiological function and abnormalities. EMG measures muscle electrical activity using needle electrodes, EOG records eye movement potentials, ERG captures the eye's response to light using corneal and skin electrodes, and PCG detects heart sounds through a microphone to analyze valves, rhythm, and blood flow. Modern machines provide full-color waveform displays and recording capabilities to aid clinical diagnosis and research.
Medical Instrumentation- Biosignals, ECGPoornima D
This document discusses electrocardiography and the electrocardiogram. It begins by defining bioelectrical signals and describing the three main types measured: ECG, EEG, and EMG. It then focuses on the ECG, explaining how it measures heart electrical activity, its history, and components of the waveform. Key aspects of ECG operation covered include electrode placement, the 12-lead system, and Einthoven's triangle. The document concludes with an overview of how an ECG machine functions to record and display the measured signals.
The document summarizes key aspects of electroencephalography (EEG). It describes how EEG detects electrical signals produced by the brain using electrodes placed on the scalp. It explains that EEG signals vary in amplitude and frequency depending on behavioral states. It also outlines the main components of an EEG machine, including electrodes, amplifiers, filters, and a writing system to record the brain's electrical activity.
Biomedical Instrumentation introduction, BioamplifiersPoornima D
This document provides an introduction to medical instrumentation and bioamplifiers. It discusses how medical instrumentation measures and monitors physiological signals in the body using sensors. The key components of a biomedical instrumentation system are described including the measurand, sensor/transducer, signal conditioner, display, and data storage. It then focuses on bioamplifiers, explaining the types (differential, operational, instrumentation, isolation), their characteristics, and how they are used to amplify weak biopotential signals from the body while maintaining signal integrity.
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdfAtif Razi
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Generative AI leverages algorithms to create various forms of content
medical instrumentation- blood flow rate and plethysmograph
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UEEG002
Medical
Instrumentation
Blood Flow Rate, Plethysmography
D.Poornima, AP(Sr.Gr)/EEE,
Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Technology, Coimbatore
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01
Slide sub title
Blood Flow Rate
Powerpoint is a complete presentation graphic package.
it gives you everything you need to produce a professional-looking presentation
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• Blood flow
• important physiological parameter
• most difficult to measure accurately.
• Instruments for measurement have to meet stringent specifications
• Sensitivity and stability requirements depend upon the magnitude of flow,
location and the diameter of the individual vessels.
• The average velocities of blood flow also vary over a wide range in blood vessels.
• Measuring system must be least traumatic.
• Techniques for measuring the blood flow and velocity are categorized into
• invasive (surgical)
• non-invasive (through the skin).
• The most accurate method----sever the vessel and time the blood flow into a
calibrated beaker.
• But this is too radical for most protocols.
Blood Flow
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• The most commonly used instrument for the measurement of blood flow
• It can be measured in intact blood vessels without cannulation
• Requires the blood vessel be exposed so that the flow head or the measuring probe
can be put across it
Electromagnetic Blood Flow Meters
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• The operating principle underlying all electromagnetic type flowmeters is Faraday’s law of
electromagnetic induction
• States that when a conductor is moved at right angles through a magnetic field in a direction at
right angles both to the magnetic field and its length, an emf is induced in the conductor.
• In the flowmeter, an electromagnetic assembly provides the magnetic field placed at right
angles to the blood vessel in which the flow is to be measured.
• The blood stream is a conductor, cuts the magnetic field and
voltage is induced in it.
• Induced voltage is picked up by two electrodes incorporated in
the magnetic assembly.
• The magnitude of the voltage is directly proportional to
• the strength of the magnetic field
• the diameter of the blood vessel
• the velocity of blood flow
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E=CHVd
e = induced voltage
H = strength of the magnetic field
V = velocity of blood flow
d = diameter of the blood vessel
C = constant of proportionality
Magnitude of voltage
shows that the induced
voltage is directly
proportional to the
flow rate through the
blood vessel.
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• The induced voltage picked up by the electrodes is amplified and displayed/recorded
on a suitable system.
• The system is calibrated in terms of volume flow as a function of the induced voltage
• The diameter of the blood vessel is held constant by the circumference of the hole in
the probe that surrounds it
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Types of flow meters
– Sine wave flow meters
– Square wave flow meters
Sine wave flow meters
– the probe magnet is energized with a sine wave
– Induced voltage is also sinusoidal in nature.
– The major problem encountered --- blood vessel and the fluid contained in it act as
the secondary coil of a transformer when the probe magnet is excited.
– So, in addition to the induced flow voltage, there is an induced artefact voltage
generally referred to as ‘transformer voltage’
– The ‘transformer voltage’ is much larger than the flow induced voltage
– 90° out of phase with flow induced voltage
– Causes baseline drift
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• Transformer voltage can eliminated by injecting into the signal a voltage of equal
strength, but having an opposite phase.
• The artefact signal is thus cancelled and only the flow induced voltage is left
behind for display.
• Another method is using a gated amplifier.
• Gated Amplifier amplifies only the signals during the portion of the cycle where
flow induced voltages are maximum
• Thus artefact voltage is prevented from getting amplified.
• This type of instrument is known as a ‘gated sine wave flowmeter’.
• require complicated electronic circuitry for the removal of transformer voltage
• As both the waveforms are of the same type, complete elimination becomes extr
emely difficult.
• Yields good signal-to-noise ratio
• Imposes stringent phase stability requirements with increasing frequency.
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Square wave flow meters
– energizing voltage given to the magnet is a square wave
– Induced voltage is also a square wave.
– Has less stringent requirements of phase stability than the sine wave type
– It can suppress the quadrature voltages relatively easily.
– Easier to control the magnitude and wave shape of the energizing current
– The transformer induced voltage in this case is only a spike
– Separation of these two voltages becomes easier as the amplifier can be gated only for
a very short period.
– The square wave is amplitude modulated by the variation in blood flow and requires to
be demodulated before it can be fed to a recorder.
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Transducer: The flow transducer consists of
an electromagnet - which provides a magneti
c field perpendicular to the direction of flow
a pair of pick-up electrodes- lying within the
field are whose axis is perpendicular to both the field
and the flow axis.
Preamplifier: The induced voltage picked up
by the electrodes is given to a low noise differen
tial amplifier through a capacitive coupling.
The preamplifier must have a very high commo
n-mode rejection ratio and input impedance.
The preamplifier also must incorporate the faci
lity for ‘probe balance’ by which signals in phase
with the magnet current can be selected to ba
lance background voltages in phase with flow
voltages
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Gating Circuit: A gating amplifier helps to rem
ove spurious voltages generated during magnet
current reversal.
The gating action is controlled by the circuit w
hich provides an excitation current to the elect
romagnet.
Bandpass Amplifier: active RC bandpass amp
lifier selectively passes the amplified square
wave signal.
The shape of the wave after this amplifier is a
distorted sinusoid.
Detector: A phase sensitive detector is use to
recover the signal, which is an analogue of the
flow rate being measured.
Low-Pass Filter and Output Stage: Demodula
ted signal is given to an active RC low-pass filt
er - provides a uniform frequency response
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Magnet Current Drive: The excitation current
supplied to the electromagnet is a one amper
e peak square wave current.
Given from a source of high impedance to ens
ure that it remains constant
Zero-Flow Reference Line: Before measureme
nt can be made for blood flow with electroma
gnetic flowmeters, it is essential to accurately
establish the signal corresponding to zero-flo
w.
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• two types of ultrasonic blood flow-velocity meters.
• transit time velocity meter
• Doppler-shift type.
• For routine clinical measurements, the transcutaneous Doppler instrument has, by
far, superseded the transit-time type.
Ultrasonic Blood Flow Meters
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Doppler Shift Flow Velocity Meters
– Non-invasive technique to measure blood velocity in a particular vessel from the surface
of the body.
– Based on the analysis of echo signals from the erythrocytes in the vascular structures.
– Because of the Doppler effect, the frequency of these echo signals changes relative to th
e frequency which the probe transmits.
– Shift is a measure of the size and direction of the flow velocity.
– The incident ultrasound is scattered by the blood cells and the scattered wave is receive
d by the second transducer
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• Plethysmography - used to measure changes in volume in different parts of the
body
• Done to check for blood clots in the arms and legs and also to measure how mu
ch air you can hold in your lungs
• Measures the changes with blood pressure cuffs or other sensors
• Sensors are attached to a machine called a plethysmograph
• Especially effective in detecting changes caused by blood flow
• Plethysmography is done if
• the patients show signs of blood clots in legs o
• when you have symptoms of upper respiratory problems
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• A limb plethysmography can be performed in a doctor’s office or hospital.
• Blood pressure cuffs are placed on the leg and arm.
• These will measure the patients systolic blood pressure which is the
pressure of blood in the arm and leg when the heart contracts.
• Limb plethysmography is not associated with any risks or side effects.
Limb Plethysmography
• Normally, the systolic blood pressure
in your arm and leg are similar.
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• Is performed in a specialist’s office or in
a hospital
• Patient sits in a small, airtight room and
nostrils are closed using clips.
• The patient is asked to breathe against
a mouthpiece.
• Measures how much air you can hold in
your lungs.
• Normal range depends on age, gender,
body size, and level of fitness.
• An abnormal result confirms that there’s
a problem with your lung capacity
Lung Plethysmography