Uber faces several challenges including continuous losses, increasing competition from companies like Lyft, and past controversies and scandals. To address these challenges, the document recommends that Uber expand into new business lines like food delivery and freight, integrate multiple transportation options into one platform, and invest strategically in areas like acquisitions and self-driving cars to reduce costs and threats from competitors. It also suggests improving security measures and introducing features to make the Uber experience more social and convenient for users.