Volcanoes in the Philippines and the World (Earth Science Tour Guide task)Sophiazanedeniz Lumibaw
An earthquake with a magnitude of 6.3 occurred near Zamboanga, Mindanao in the Philippines on December 2, 2014 at 05:11:31.70 UTC. The document then provides descriptions of 14 volcanoes located in the Philippines and other parts of the world, including their locations, recent activities, and other details. It concludes by thanking the reader for listening.
The document discusses several active volcanoes found in the Philippines. It describes Taal Volcano, located on an island in Taal Lake in Batangas Province. It is the second most active volcano in the Philippines and has caused loss of life during eruptions. Mount Pinatubo's 1991 eruption was one of the largest of the 20th century and produced lahars that destroyed thousands of houses, despite successful evacuations. Mount Kanlaon has two summit cones with craters and is the highest and most active volcano on Negros island, with 19 eruptions between 1866-1993. Mount Cagua is located in Cagayan province and has erupted twice in recorded history, most recently
There are 5 active volcanoes, 5 inactive volcanoes, and 5 dormant volcanoes in the Philippines. The active volcanoes include Musuan Peak, Smith Volcano, Kanlaon Volcano, Matutum, and Mount Ragang. The inactive volcanoes include Mount Alu, Mount Binaca, Mount Guinsiliban, Mount Kitanglad, and Tadlac Lake. The dormant volcanoes include Mount Isarog, Mount Apo, Mount Banahaw, Mount Cagua, and the Leonard Range volcanic complex.
This document summarizes different types of volcanoes based on their activity, location, structure, and explosiveness. Volcanoes are classified as active, dormant, or extinct based on their recent eruptive history. Additional classifications include the volcano's shape as a shield cone, cinder cone, or composite/stratovolcano. Stratovocanoes are tall and cone-shaped volcanoes formed from layers of erupted materials. The document also provides examples of notable volcanoes that fit different classifications.
Volcanoes are openings in the earth's crust that allow magma, hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from below the surface. The earth's crust is broken into tectonic plates that move and occasionally cause pressure to build under the surface, resulting in volcanic eruptions when the pressure is released. There are three main types of volcanoes: composite volcanoes, shield volcanoes, and dome volcanoes, which erupt in different ways depending on the viscosity of the lava. Several active volcanoes in the Philippines are discussed, including Mayon Volcano, Taal Volcano, and Kanlaon Volcano. Volcanic eruptions can have both positive and negative environmental impacts
The document discusses volcanic activity in the Philippines. It describes the three classifications of volcanic activity monitored by PHIVOLCS: 1) active volcanoes, which have recent eruptions; 2) potentially active volcanoes, which show signs of activity but no eruptions; and 3) inactive volcanoes, which will never erupt again. It provides examples for each classification and notes that the Philippines has many volcanoes due to its location in the Ring of Fire. The four most active volcanoes are Mt. Mayon, Mt. Taal, Mt. Kanlaon, and Mt. Bulusan.
Volcanoes form when magma rises from the Earth's mantle and upper mantle and erupts from a vent on the Earth's surface. There are several types of volcanoes that differ in shape and composition based on the type of boundary they are located at and the viscosity of the lava they emit. The largest volcanoes are called supervolcanoes and have the potential to cause catastrophic global consequences when they erupt due to the massive amounts of material they can eject.
This document provides information about volcanoes, including definitions, types, and eruption processes. It begins by defining a volcano and its key components. It then describes the three most common types of volcanoes - stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, and caldera volcanoes - and provides examples of each. It distinguishes between active, inactive, and potentially active volcanoes, and lists some of the most notable examples in the Philippines. Finally, it outlines different types of volcanic eruptions and describes the hazards they can produce, such as pyroclastic flows, volcanic bombs, and lahars.
Volcanoes in the Philippines and the World (Earth Science Tour Guide task)Sophiazanedeniz Lumibaw
An earthquake with a magnitude of 6.3 occurred near Zamboanga, Mindanao in the Philippines on December 2, 2014 at 05:11:31.70 UTC. The document then provides descriptions of 14 volcanoes located in the Philippines and other parts of the world, including their locations, recent activities, and other details. It concludes by thanking the reader for listening.
The document discusses several active volcanoes found in the Philippines. It describes Taal Volcano, located on an island in Taal Lake in Batangas Province. It is the second most active volcano in the Philippines and has caused loss of life during eruptions. Mount Pinatubo's 1991 eruption was one of the largest of the 20th century and produced lahars that destroyed thousands of houses, despite successful evacuations. Mount Kanlaon has two summit cones with craters and is the highest and most active volcano on Negros island, with 19 eruptions between 1866-1993. Mount Cagua is located in Cagayan province and has erupted twice in recorded history, most recently
There are 5 active volcanoes, 5 inactive volcanoes, and 5 dormant volcanoes in the Philippines. The active volcanoes include Musuan Peak, Smith Volcano, Kanlaon Volcano, Matutum, and Mount Ragang. The inactive volcanoes include Mount Alu, Mount Binaca, Mount Guinsiliban, Mount Kitanglad, and Tadlac Lake. The dormant volcanoes include Mount Isarog, Mount Apo, Mount Banahaw, Mount Cagua, and the Leonard Range volcanic complex.
This document summarizes different types of volcanoes based on their activity, location, structure, and explosiveness. Volcanoes are classified as active, dormant, or extinct based on their recent eruptive history. Additional classifications include the volcano's shape as a shield cone, cinder cone, or composite/stratovolcano. Stratovocanoes are tall and cone-shaped volcanoes formed from layers of erupted materials. The document also provides examples of notable volcanoes that fit different classifications.
Volcanoes are openings in the earth's crust that allow magma, hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from below the surface. The earth's crust is broken into tectonic plates that move and occasionally cause pressure to build under the surface, resulting in volcanic eruptions when the pressure is released. There are three main types of volcanoes: composite volcanoes, shield volcanoes, and dome volcanoes, which erupt in different ways depending on the viscosity of the lava. Several active volcanoes in the Philippines are discussed, including Mayon Volcano, Taal Volcano, and Kanlaon Volcano. Volcanic eruptions can have both positive and negative environmental impacts
The document discusses volcanic activity in the Philippines. It describes the three classifications of volcanic activity monitored by PHIVOLCS: 1) active volcanoes, which have recent eruptions; 2) potentially active volcanoes, which show signs of activity but no eruptions; and 3) inactive volcanoes, which will never erupt again. It provides examples for each classification and notes that the Philippines has many volcanoes due to its location in the Ring of Fire. The four most active volcanoes are Mt. Mayon, Mt. Taal, Mt. Kanlaon, and Mt. Bulusan.
Volcanoes form when magma rises from the Earth's mantle and upper mantle and erupts from a vent on the Earth's surface. There are several types of volcanoes that differ in shape and composition based on the type of boundary they are located at and the viscosity of the lava they emit. The largest volcanoes are called supervolcanoes and have the potential to cause catastrophic global consequences when they erupt due to the massive amounts of material they can eject.
This document provides information about volcanoes, including definitions, types, and eruption processes. It begins by defining a volcano and its key components. It then describes the three most common types of volcanoes - stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, and caldera volcanoes - and provides examples of each. It distinguishes between active, inactive, and potentially active volcanoes, and lists some of the most notable examples in the Philippines. Finally, it outlines different types of volcanic eruptions and describes the hazards they can produce, such as pyroclastic flows, volcanic bombs, and lahars.
The slideshow discusses the distribution of mountain ranges, volcanoes, and earthquake epicenters. This is the basis of the scientist in dividing the earth's lithospheric paltes or the earth's crust. This also contains the different types of plate boundaries: convergent, divergent and transform fault boundaries. The different geologic features that are formed in the plate boundaries were also discussed and the processes that occur in the different plate boundaries.
There are minerals found near volcanoes because magma rises from deep underground, melting and circulating through rocks. As it cools slowly underground, minerals are concentrated in veins. Metals are also concentrated when magma moves and circulates liquids and gases within the roots of extinct volcanoes. This is why metallic mineral deposits such as copper, gold, silver, lead, and zinc are commonly found near volcanoes.
1. Volcanoes are natural openings in the Earth's crust where molten rock and gases erupt.
2. The Philippines has many active volcanoes due to its location along the Pacific Ring of Fire. Some of the most notable active volcanoes include Taal Volcano, Mount Mayon, and Bulusan.
3. Volcanoes are classified based on their eruption history as either active or inactive, and by their shape as shield, cinder cone, or composite volcanoes.
This document provides an overview of volcanoes and volcanic eruptions. It defines different types of volcanoes according to their shape, including stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, and cinder cone volcanoes. Examples of each type from the Philippines and around the world are given. The document also discusses types of volcanic eruptions from less to more violent, including Hawaiian, Strombolian, Vulcanian, Plinian, phreatic, and phreatomagmatic eruptions. Active volcanoes in the Philippines are listed.
Volcanoes form when magma rises up from underground chambers and erupts through vents in the Earth's crust. They are mountains or hills formed by accumulated lava and volcanic debris. The Philippines has many active volcanoes located along the Pacific Ring of Fire, including Mayon Volcano, Taal Volcano, Kanlaon Volcano, and Bulusan Volcano - the most active in the country. Volcanic activity can sometimes be predicted by signs like steaming, ground swelling, and increased earthquake frequency and intensity.
This document provides information about a science lesson on volcanoes. The lesson differentiates between active and inactive volcanoes and has students locate volcanoes on a Philippine map and classify them according to eruption frequency. Students answer questions to demonstrate their understanding of the differences between active and inactive volcanoes. An active volcano is one that has erupted within the last 10,000 years, while an inactive volcano has not erupted during that time period.
Science 9 Quarter 3; Types of volcano cone shapes.pptxteleganne21
Volcanoes come in different types based on their shape and formation process. The main types are composite volcanoes, shield volcanoes, cinder cone volcanoes, dome volcanoes, caldera volcanoes, and fissure volcanoes. Composite volcanoes are tall with wide bases and layers of solidified material. Shield volcanoes have low, broad dome shapes due to slow moving lava. Cinder cones are small and steep with loose debris. Dome volcanoes form rounded mounds from thick, slow moving lava. Calderas are large depressions formed when the volcano collapses after an eruption. Fissure volcanoes erupt from cracks without a central vent.
This document provides information about different types of volcanoes. It describes volcanoes as vents where hot gases, rocks, and lava are ejected from the Earth's surface. Volcanoes form at plate boundaries, and can also form when plates separate under the ocean. The document then classifies volcanoes according to their shape (cinder cone, shield, composite) and activity level (active, dormant, extinct). Specific examples are given for each type of volcano classification.
Volcanoes form as magma rises from below the Earth's surface due to movement of tectonic plates. There are three main types of volcanoes - shield volcanoes which erupt fluid lava to form broad, low cones; cinder cone volcanoes which form steep slopes of pyroclastic fragments; and composite or stratovolcanoes which are tall cones built up of hardened lava and ash. Examples include Hawaii's shield volcanoes Kilauea and Mauna Loa, Mexico's Paricutin cinder cone volcano, and the Philippines' composite Mayon volcano. Volcanic eruptions can negatively impact human health through ash, gases and dust inhalation leading to respiratory and other illnesses.
Volcanoes form when magma from below the Earth's surface finds a way to escape through vents or cracks. There are three main types of volcanoes: shield volcanoes which have broad, gently sloping sides; cinder cone volcanoes which have a steep, conical shape; and composite or stratovolcanoes which are tall with steep sides. Volcanoes can be classified as active if they have erupted in the last 10,000 years, dormant if not currently erupting but could again, or extinct if no eruptions are expected. Examples of different volcano types around the world are provided.
volcanoes AND ITS DIFFERENT PARTS AND TYPESJoAnnOlivaDy
The document discusses volcanoes and their structure. It describes volcanoes as mountains or hills typically conical in shape with a crater or vent. It discusses the external parts of volcanoes including the summit, slopes, and base. Internally, it notes key features like the magma chamber, main vent, conduit, side vents, and crater. It aims to classify volcanoes, describe examples in the Philippines, explain eruption types, and develop advocacy materials on eruption signs.
All About Volcanoes - Powerpoint for Grade-10 - Day 1.pptxAnnaMarieMMangao
Volcanoes are openings in the Earth's crust through which lava, ash, and gases erupt. There are two types of volcanoes: active and inactive. Active volcanoes have erupted within the last 600 years or 10,000 years ago, while inactive volcanoes have not erupted in over 10,000 years. The Philippines has over 100 volcanoes, with 24 that are currently active such as Mayon Volcano and Taal Volcano, and the rest are inactive like Mount Balungao.
Volcanoes form when magma leaks through the earth's crust and onto the surface. The word "volcano" comes from the island of Vulcano near Italy, named for the Roman god of fire Vulcan. There are over 1500 active volcanoes on earth, located primarily on tectonic plate boundaries. The three main types of volcanoes are composite, cinder, and shield. When magma pushes through the crust, it can erupt violently or gently flow as lava, depending on the volcano type and magma viscosity.
All about Volcanoes (presented by Angel) .pptxSheluMayConde
All About Volcanoes
Volcanoes are remarkable geological structures formed by the eruption of molten rock, ash, and gases from the Earth's mantle. These natural phenomena can shape landscapes, create new landforms, and significantly impact both the environment and human societies. Understanding volcanoes involves exploring their types, formation processes, eruption mechanisms, and effects.
What is a Volcano?
A volcano is an opening in the Earth's crust through which magma, gases, and ash are expelled. When magma reaches the surface, it is called lava. Over time, repeated eruptions can build up a mountain or other landform around the volcanic vent.
Types of Volcanoes:
Shield Volcanoes:
Characteristics: Broad, gently sloping sides formed by the flow of low-viscosity basaltic lava that can travel long distances.
Examples: Mauna Loa and Kilauea in Hawaii.
Composite Volcanoes (Stratovolcanoes):
Characteristics: Steep, conical volcanoes made up of alternating layers of lava, ash, and volcanic debris. They are known for their explosive eruptions.
Examples: Mount Fuji in Japan, Mount St. Helens in the USA, and Mount Vesuvius in Italy.
Cinder Cone Volcanoes:
Characteristics: Small, steep-sided cones built from volcanic fragments such as ash, tephra, and volcanic rocks ejected during eruptions.
Examples: Parícutin in Mexico and Sunset Crater in the USA.
Lava Domes:
Characteristics: Rounded, steep-sided mounds formed by the slow extrusion of viscous lava.
Examples: Mount St. Helens’ Lava Dome in the USA.
Volcanic Features:
Crater:
Description: A bowl-shaped depression at the summit of a volcano, typically formed by explosive eruptions.
Caldera:
Description: A large depression formed when a volcano's summit collapses or is blown away during a massive eruption.
Examples: Yellowstone Caldera in the USA.
Lava Flows:
Description: Streams of molten rock that pour from a volcanic vent and solidify as they cool.
Pyroclastic Flows:
Description: Fast-moving currents of hot gas and volcanic material that can travel down the sides of a volcano during explosive eruptions.
Volcanic Ash:
Description: Fine particles of pulverized rock and glass created during volcanic eruptions that can travel long distances.
Formation of Volcanoes:
Subduction Zones:
Description: Volcanoes often form at convergent plate boundaries where an oceanic plate subducts beneath a continental plate, leading to magma formation.
Examples: The Ring of Fire around the Pacific Ocean.
Rift Zones:
Description: Volcanoes can also form at divergent plate boundaries where tectonic plates are pulling apart, allowing magma to rise.
Examples: Mid-Atlantic Ridge and East African Rift.
Hotspots:
Description: Volcanic activity that occurs away from plate boundaries, caused by plumes of hot material rising from deep within the mantle.
Examples: Hawaiian Islands and Yellowstone.
Volcanoes form when magma leaks through the earth's crust and onto the surface. There are over 1500 active volcanoes worldwide, with most located around the Pacific Ring of Fire. Volcanoes are classified as active, dormant, or extinct depending on recent eruption activity. The three main types are composite, cinder, and shield volcanoes. The largest active volcano is Mauna Loa in Hawaii. Other planets like Mars and Jupiter's moon Io also have volcanoes.
Volcanoes form when magma leaks through the earth's crust and onto the surface. The word "volcano" comes from Vulcan, the Roman god of fire believed to live within volcanoes. There are over 1500 active volcanoes worldwide, with most located along tectonic plate boundaries in the "Ring of Fire" in the Pacific Ocean. The three main types of volcanoes are composite, cinder, and shield volcanoes, which erupt in different ways.
The document discusses volcanoes found in the Philippine archipelago. There are several volcanic belts distributed throughout the country that contain active volcanoes. Some of the most active volcanoes with short repose periods mentioned are Mayon, Taal, Bulusan, Canlaon, Hibok-Hibok, and Pinatubo. Mayon volcano lies in Albay and has a perfect cone shape reaching 2,462 meters above sea level. Taal volcano is the world's lowest volcano, located in a lake in Batangas. Pinatubo volcano had one of the most violent eruptions in the country.
The document discusses volcanoes and how they form. It explains that volcanoes form at subduction zones, where tectonic plates collide and one plate slides under another. This causes friction and melting within the Earth, and magma rises up through the crust. When it reaches the surface, it erupts as lava from a vent to form a volcano. Many volcanoes are located on the Pacific Ring of Fire, which is a horseshoe-shaped area in the Pacific Ocean known for seismic activity and volcanoes. Within this area are several subduction zones, including those responsible for the over 20 active volcanoes located in the Philippines.
Volcanoes form at locations where magma reaches the Earth's surface. There are three main types of volcanoes classified based on their composition and eruption style. Composite volcanoes like Mayon Volcano are tall and steep due to explosive eruptions of thick, andesitic magma. Shield volcanoes like those in Hawaii erupt basalt quietly as low-viscosity lava flows great distances. Cinder cones are small and formed from accumulated ejecta from Strombolian eruptions. A volcano's anatomy includes features like the vent, lava domes, and pyroclastic flows that can have hazardous impacts.
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdfSelcen Ozturkcan
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
The slideshow discusses the distribution of mountain ranges, volcanoes, and earthquake epicenters. This is the basis of the scientist in dividing the earth's lithospheric paltes or the earth's crust. This also contains the different types of plate boundaries: convergent, divergent and transform fault boundaries. The different geologic features that are formed in the plate boundaries were also discussed and the processes that occur in the different plate boundaries.
There are minerals found near volcanoes because magma rises from deep underground, melting and circulating through rocks. As it cools slowly underground, minerals are concentrated in veins. Metals are also concentrated when magma moves and circulates liquids and gases within the roots of extinct volcanoes. This is why metallic mineral deposits such as copper, gold, silver, lead, and zinc are commonly found near volcanoes.
1. Volcanoes are natural openings in the Earth's crust where molten rock and gases erupt.
2. The Philippines has many active volcanoes due to its location along the Pacific Ring of Fire. Some of the most notable active volcanoes include Taal Volcano, Mount Mayon, and Bulusan.
3. Volcanoes are classified based on their eruption history as either active or inactive, and by their shape as shield, cinder cone, or composite volcanoes.
This document provides an overview of volcanoes and volcanic eruptions. It defines different types of volcanoes according to their shape, including stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, and cinder cone volcanoes. Examples of each type from the Philippines and around the world are given. The document also discusses types of volcanic eruptions from less to more violent, including Hawaiian, Strombolian, Vulcanian, Plinian, phreatic, and phreatomagmatic eruptions. Active volcanoes in the Philippines are listed.
Volcanoes form when magma rises up from underground chambers and erupts through vents in the Earth's crust. They are mountains or hills formed by accumulated lava and volcanic debris. The Philippines has many active volcanoes located along the Pacific Ring of Fire, including Mayon Volcano, Taal Volcano, Kanlaon Volcano, and Bulusan Volcano - the most active in the country. Volcanic activity can sometimes be predicted by signs like steaming, ground swelling, and increased earthquake frequency and intensity.
This document provides information about a science lesson on volcanoes. The lesson differentiates between active and inactive volcanoes and has students locate volcanoes on a Philippine map and classify them according to eruption frequency. Students answer questions to demonstrate their understanding of the differences between active and inactive volcanoes. An active volcano is one that has erupted within the last 10,000 years, while an inactive volcano has not erupted during that time period.
Science 9 Quarter 3; Types of volcano cone shapes.pptxteleganne21
Volcanoes come in different types based on their shape and formation process. The main types are composite volcanoes, shield volcanoes, cinder cone volcanoes, dome volcanoes, caldera volcanoes, and fissure volcanoes. Composite volcanoes are tall with wide bases and layers of solidified material. Shield volcanoes have low, broad dome shapes due to slow moving lava. Cinder cones are small and steep with loose debris. Dome volcanoes form rounded mounds from thick, slow moving lava. Calderas are large depressions formed when the volcano collapses after an eruption. Fissure volcanoes erupt from cracks without a central vent.
This document provides information about different types of volcanoes. It describes volcanoes as vents where hot gases, rocks, and lava are ejected from the Earth's surface. Volcanoes form at plate boundaries, and can also form when plates separate under the ocean. The document then classifies volcanoes according to their shape (cinder cone, shield, composite) and activity level (active, dormant, extinct). Specific examples are given for each type of volcano classification.
Volcanoes form as magma rises from below the Earth's surface due to movement of tectonic plates. There are three main types of volcanoes - shield volcanoes which erupt fluid lava to form broad, low cones; cinder cone volcanoes which form steep slopes of pyroclastic fragments; and composite or stratovolcanoes which are tall cones built up of hardened lava and ash. Examples include Hawaii's shield volcanoes Kilauea and Mauna Loa, Mexico's Paricutin cinder cone volcano, and the Philippines' composite Mayon volcano. Volcanic eruptions can negatively impact human health through ash, gases and dust inhalation leading to respiratory and other illnesses.
Volcanoes form when magma from below the Earth's surface finds a way to escape through vents or cracks. There are three main types of volcanoes: shield volcanoes which have broad, gently sloping sides; cinder cone volcanoes which have a steep, conical shape; and composite or stratovolcanoes which are tall with steep sides. Volcanoes can be classified as active if they have erupted in the last 10,000 years, dormant if not currently erupting but could again, or extinct if no eruptions are expected. Examples of different volcano types around the world are provided.
volcanoes AND ITS DIFFERENT PARTS AND TYPESJoAnnOlivaDy
The document discusses volcanoes and their structure. It describes volcanoes as mountains or hills typically conical in shape with a crater or vent. It discusses the external parts of volcanoes including the summit, slopes, and base. Internally, it notes key features like the magma chamber, main vent, conduit, side vents, and crater. It aims to classify volcanoes, describe examples in the Philippines, explain eruption types, and develop advocacy materials on eruption signs.
All About Volcanoes - Powerpoint for Grade-10 - Day 1.pptxAnnaMarieMMangao
Volcanoes are openings in the Earth's crust through which lava, ash, and gases erupt. There are two types of volcanoes: active and inactive. Active volcanoes have erupted within the last 600 years or 10,000 years ago, while inactive volcanoes have not erupted in over 10,000 years. The Philippines has over 100 volcanoes, with 24 that are currently active such as Mayon Volcano and Taal Volcano, and the rest are inactive like Mount Balungao.
Volcanoes form when magma leaks through the earth's crust and onto the surface. The word "volcano" comes from the island of Vulcano near Italy, named for the Roman god of fire Vulcan. There are over 1500 active volcanoes on earth, located primarily on tectonic plate boundaries. The three main types of volcanoes are composite, cinder, and shield. When magma pushes through the crust, it can erupt violently or gently flow as lava, depending on the volcano type and magma viscosity.
All about Volcanoes (presented by Angel) .pptxSheluMayConde
All About Volcanoes
Volcanoes are remarkable geological structures formed by the eruption of molten rock, ash, and gases from the Earth's mantle. These natural phenomena can shape landscapes, create new landforms, and significantly impact both the environment and human societies. Understanding volcanoes involves exploring their types, formation processes, eruption mechanisms, and effects.
What is a Volcano?
A volcano is an opening in the Earth's crust through which magma, gases, and ash are expelled. When magma reaches the surface, it is called lava. Over time, repeated eruptions can build up a mountain or other landform around the volcanic vent.
Types of Volcanoes:
Shield Volcanoes:
Characteristics: Broad, gently sloping sides formed by the flow of low-viscosity basaltic lava that can travel long distances.
Examples: Mauna Loa and Kilauea in Hawaii.
Composite Volcanoes (Stratovolcanoes):
Characteristics: Steep, conical volcanoes made up of alternating layers of lava, ash, and volcanic debris. They are known for their explosive eruptions.
Examples: Mount Fuji in Japan, Mount St. Helens in the USA, and Mount Vesuvius in Italy.
Cinder Cone Volcanoes:
Characteristics: Small, steep-sided cones built from volcanic fragments such as ash, tephra, and volcanic rocks ejected during eruptions.
Examples: Parícutin in Mexico and Sunset Crater in the USA.
Lava Domes:
Characteristics: Rounded, steep-sided mounds formed by the slow extrusion of viscous lava.
Examples: Mount St. Helens’ Lava Dome in the USA.
Volcanic Features:
Crater:
Description: A bowl-shaped depression at the summit of a volcano, typically formed by explosive eruptions.
Caldera:
Description: A large depression formed when a volcano's summit collapses or is blown away during a massive eruption.
Examples: Yellowstone Caldera in the USA.
Lava Flows:
Description: Streams of molten rock that pour from a volcanic vent and solidify as they cool.
Pyroclastic Flows:
Description: Fast-moving currents of hot gas and volcanic material that can travel down the sides of a volcano during explosive eruptions.
Volcanic Ash:
Description: Fine particles of pulverized rock and glass created during volcanic eruptions that can travel long distances.
Formation of Volcanoes:
Subduction Zones:
Description: Volcanoes often form at convergent plate boundaries where an oceanic plate subducts beneath a continental plate, leading to magma formation.
Examples: The Ring of Fire around the Pacific Ocean.
Rift Zones:
Description: Volcanoes can also form at divergent plate boundaries where tectonic plates are pulling apart, allowing magma to rise.
Examples: Mid-Atlantic Ridge and East African Rift.
Hotspots:
Description: Volcanic activity that occurs away from plate boundaries, caused by plumes of hot material rising from deep within the mantle.
Examples: Hawaiian Islands and Yellowstone.
Volcanoes form when magma leaks through the earth's crust and onto the surface. There are over 1500 active volcanoes worldwide, with most located around the Pacific Ring of Fire. Volcanoes are classified as active, dormant, or extinct depending on recent eruption activity. The three main types are composite, cinder, and shield volcanoes. The largest active volcano is Mauna Loa in Hawaii. Other planets like Mars and Jupiter's moon Io also have volcanoes.
Volcanoes form when magma leaks through the earth's crust and onto the surface. The word "volcano" comes from Vulcan, the Roman god of fire believed to live within volcanoes. There are over 1500 active volcanoes worldwide, with most located along tectonic plate boundaries in the "Ring of Fire" in the Pacific Ocean. The three main types of volcanoes are composite, cinder, and shield volcanoes, which erupt in different ways.
The document discusses volcanoes found in the Philippine archipelago. There are several volcanic belts distributed throughout the country that contain active volcanoes. Some of the most active volcanoes with short repose periods mentioned are Mayon, Taal, Bulusan, Canlaon, Hibok-Hibok, and Pinatubo. Mayon volcano lies in Albay and has a perfect cone shape reaching 2,462 meters above sea level. Taal volcano is the world's lowest volcano, located in a lake in Batangas. Pinatubo volcano had one of the most violent eruptions in the country.
The document discusses volcanoes and how they form. It explains that volcanoes form at subduction zones, where tectonic plates collide and one plate slides under another. This causes friction and melting within the Earth, and magma rises up through the crust. When it reaches the surface, it erupts as lava from a vent to form a volcano. Many volcanoes are located on the Pacific Ring of Fire, which is a horseshoe-shaped area in the Pacific Ocean known for seismic activity and volcanoes. Within this area are several subduction zones, including those responsible for the over 20 active volcanoes located in the Philippines.
Volcanoes form at locations where magma reaches the Earth's surface. There are three main types of volcanoes classified based on their composition and eruption style. Composite volcanoes like Mayon Volcano are tall and steep due to explosive eruptions of thick, andesitic magma. Shield volcanoes like those in Hawaii erupt basalt quietly as low-viscosity lava flows great distances. Cinder cones are small and formed from accumulated ejecta from Strombolian eruptions. A volcano's anatomy includes features like the vent, lava domes, and pyroclastic flows that can have hazardous impacts.
Similar to Types of Volcanoes based on structure and activity.pptx (20)
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdfSelcen Ozturkcan
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...Sérgio Sacani
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defectsSérgio Sacani
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
The technology uses reclaimed CO₂ as the dyeing medium in a closed loop process. When pressurized, CO₂ becomes supercritical (SC-CO₂). In this state CO₂ has a very high solvent power, allowing the dye to dissolve easily.
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths ForwardLeonel Morgado
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
2. Write four (4) words that you can associate with the
word “volcano” by completing the graphic organizer.
Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
3. Study the pictures of some famous volcanoes in
the country below and answer the following
questions.
4. Mount Makiling
Mount Makiling is an
inactive stratovolcano
located in the provinces of
Laguna and Batangas on the
island of Luzon in the
Philippines.
5. Mount Apo Mount Apo, also known
locally as Apo Sandawa, is a
large solfataric, dormant
stratovolcano on the island of
Mindanao, Philippines. With
an elevation of 2,954 meters
above sea level, it is the
highest-mountain in the
Philippine Archipelago,
Mindanao and 24th-highest
peak of an island on Earth.
6. Taal Volcano
Taal Volcano is a large
caldera filled by Taal Lake in
the Philippines. Located in
the province of Batangas
about 50 kilometers south of
Manila, the volcano is the
second most active volcano
in the Philippines.
7. Mount Pinatubo
Mount Pinatubo is an active
stratovolcano in the Zambales
Mountains, located on the tripoint
boundary of the Philippine
provinces of Zambales, Tarlac and
Pampanga, all in Central Luzon on
the northern island of Luzon. Its
eruptive history was unknown to
most before the pre-eruption
volcanic activity of early 1991.
8. Mount Mayon
Mayon, also known as Mount Mayon
and Mayon Volcano, is an active
stratovolcano in the province of Albay
in Bicol, Philippines.
A popular tourist spot, it is renowned
for its "perfect cone" because of its
symmetric conical shape, and is
regarded as sacred in Philippine
mythology.
9. 1. Which of these volcanoes is/are present in your
community or region?
2. Which of these volcanoes would you like to visit? Why?
3. Describe the structure of these volcanoes.
4. What news have you heard about these volcanoes?
5. Is it dangerous to live in areas near a volcano
13. III. Procedure
1. Using the Philippine map, plot the location of the
following Volcanoes. Assign colors for the volcanoes.
Indicate this in the legend.
14. Table 1. List of some volcanoes in the Philippines
Volcano Latitude Longitude Number of
historical
eruptions
Latest eruption
or activity
Cabaluyan 15 o 42’ 1200 19’ 0 -
Cocoro 10 o 53’ 121 o 12’ 0 -
Iraya 20 o 29’ 122 o 01’ 1 1454
Kanlaon 10 o 24’ 123 o 7’ 26 June 2006
Mayon 13 o 15’ 123 o 41’ 49 May 2013
Pulung 7o 55’ 124 o 38’ 0 -
Smith 19 o 32’ 121 o 55’ 6 1924
Taal 14 o 120 o 59’ 33 Oct. 6 1977
Tamburok 11 o 33’ 124o 26’ 0 -
Urot 5 o 59’ 121 o 15’ 0 -
15. Legend:
– volcano that no record of eruption .
- volcano that has erupted 1 to 5 times.
- volcano that has erupted 6 to 10 times.
- volcano that has erupted more than 10 times.
16. Guide Questions:
1. Are all the volcanoes found in the same location.
2. Which of the volcanoes had the most number of eruptions?
3. Which of the volcanoes had the least number of eruptions?
4. Which of the volcanoes had no records of eruptions?
5. How will you classify the volcanoes that have records of eruptions?
6. How will you classify the volcanoes that have no records of eruptions?
7. In your own words, differentiate an active volcano from an inactive
volcano.
17. Volcano
refers to mountain or hill,
typically conical, having a crater
or vent in which lava, rock
fragments, hot vapor, and gas
are or have been erupted from
the earth's crust.
18. The lava and other
volcanic materials
originated from molten
materials called magma
found beneath the
surface of the Earth.
20. The Parts of a Volcano
Summit is the highest point or the apex of the
volcano. At the summit, you have an opening called
vent.
Slopes are the sides or flanks of a volcano that
radiate from the main or central vent.
Base is lower outer part of the volcano.
21.
22. Other Geologic features of a volcano:
Magma chamber
Main vent
Conduit
Side vent
Crater
Lava
Ash and gas cloud
23.
24. Magma Chamber
It is a region beneath the
vent of a volcano where
molten rock or magma is
deposited or stored
before eruption.
25. Main Vent
It is the main opening or
outlet on the surface of a
volcano that emits lava,
gases, ash or other
volcanic materials.
26. Conduit
It is an underground
central tube-like or pipe-
like structure of a volcano
that connects the magma
chamber to the crater
through which the
magma travels.
27. Side Vent
It is a smaller outlet
through which magma
escapes.
28. Crater
It is the mouth of the
volcano which is a funnel-
shaped or bowl shaped
hollow at the top of the
vent from where magma,
ash and gas comes out.
29. Caldera
A caldera is a large depression formed when a
volcano erupts and collapses. During a volcanic
eruption, magma present in the magma
chamber underneath the volcano is expelled,
often forcefully. When the magma chamber
empties, the support that the magma had
provided inside the chamber disappears.
30. Lava
It is a molten rock which
is given off onto the
surface of the Earth when
a volcano erupts.
31. Ash and Gas Cloud
It is a of mixtures of rock,
minerals, glass particles
and gases expelled or
pushed out of the
volcano during volcanic
eruption.
32. How will you classify the volcanoes that have records
of eruptions?
How will you classify the volcanoes with no record of
eruption?
33. Types of Volcanoes Based on Activity
Active Volcanoes
Inactive Volcanoes
34. Active volcanoes
Are those volcanoes that have had at least one
eruption during the past 10,000 years.
They are those that erupted recently and still
showing regular activity like emission of gases, lava
and ash flows.
There are 24 active volcanoes in the Philippines.
35. Examples of Active Volcanoes in the
Phil’s.
Mount Banahaw
Mount Kanlaon
Mount Hibok hibok
Mount Apo
36. Mount Banahaw
Mount Banahaw is an active
complex volcano on Luzon in the
Philippines. The three-peaked
volcano is located at the
boundary of Laguna and Quezon
provinces. It is the highest
mountain in both provinces and
Calabarzon region, dominating
the landscape for miles around
37. Mount Kanlaon
Kanlaon, also known as Mount Kanlaon
and Kanlaon Volcano, is an active
stratovolcano and the highest mountain
on the island of Negros in the Philippines,
as well as the highest point in the Visayas,
with an elevation of 2,465 m above sea
level.
Mount Kanlaon ranks as the 42nd-highest
peak of an island in the world.
38. Mount Hibok hibok
Mount Hibok-Hibok is a
stratovolcano on Camiguin
Island in the Philippines. It is
one of the active volcanoes in
the country and part of the
Pacific ring of fire.
39. Mount Apo
Mount Apo, also known locally as
Apo Sandawa, is a large solfataric,
dormant stratovolcano on the
island of Mindanao, Philippines.
With an elevation of 2,954 meters
above sea level, it is the highest-
mountain in the Philippine
Archipelago, Mindanao and 24th-
highest peak of an island on Earth.
40. Inactive volcanoes
Are those that have not erupted for the last 10,000
years and is not expected to erupt again in a
comparable time scale of the future.
There are no signs of volcanic activity for a long
period of time because magma supply is cut off. Also
the physical form of the volcano has signs of intensive
weathering and erosion
42. Mount Arayat
Arayat, officially the
balen ning Arayat, is a
mountain municipality
in the province of
Pampanga in the
Philippines
43. Atimbia
Mount Atimbia is a
mountain in Laguna and
has an elevation of 654
metres. Mount Atimbia is
situated northeast of
Mount Mabilog and east
of Kalisungan. It is found
on the Laguna Volcanic
Field
44. Iriga
Mount Iriga, also known as Mount
Asog, is an active stratovolcano in the
province of Camarines Sur, in the
Philippines.
It is a stratovolcano about a
kilometer from Lake Buhi. It rises
1,196 m with a base diameter of 10
kilometres. It has a large crater
formed due to a debris avalanche.
45. Mount Labo
Mount Labo, is a potentially
active stratovolcano in the
province of Camarines Norte,
in the Bicol Region, on Luzon
Island, in the Philippines. It is
located at the northwest end
of the Bicol Peninsula.
47. Types of Volcanoes Based on Structure
Cinder cone volcanoes
Composite volcanoes
Shield volcanoes
48. Cinder Cone Volcanoes
Are the simplest type of volcano. They are built from
particles and blobs of solidified lava ejected from a single
vent.
Lava is thrown into the air, which breaks into small
fragments that solidify and fall as cinders around the vent
to form a circular or oval cone.
Most cinder cones have a steep slope, wide crater and are
the most abundant of the three major volcano types
49. Taal Volcano in Batangas
Taal Volcano is a large caldera
filled by Taal Lake in the
Philippines. Located in the
province of Batangas about 50
kilometers south of Manila,
the volcano is the second
most active volcano in the
50. Smith Volcano found in Babuyan Group
of Islands
Smith Volcano, also known as Mount
Babuyan, is a cinder cone on
Babuyan Island, the northernmost of
the Babuyan group of islands on
Luzon Strait, north of the main island
of Luzon in the Philippines. The
mountain is one of the active
volcanoes in the Philippines, which
last erupted in 1924.
54. Composite volcanoes or stratovolcanoes
Are large, typically steep-sided, symmetrical cones of large
dimension formed from alternating layers of lava
flows,volcanic ash, cinders, blocks, and pyroclastic
materials.
One important feature of a composite volcanoes is the
conduit system from which magma rises to the surface of
the Earth.
They are formed from viscous, or sticky, lava that does not
flow easily. The lava builds up around the vent forming a
volcano with steep sides.
61. Shield volcanoes
Are large, broad volcanoes that look similar to shields from
above.
These volcanoes are built almost entirely of fluid lava flow thus
these volcanoes are not steep. They can be easily identified
because they are tall and broad, with flat, rounded shapes.
The lava is not accompanied by pyroclastic materials, which
makes shield volcanoes relatively safe. Eruptions at shield
volcanoes are only explosive if water somehow gets into the
vent.
62. Mauna Loa [MOW] + [NUH] + [LOH] + [UH]
It is one of the largest shield volcanoes.
66. Let’s Wrap Up
1. What is the structure of a volcano?
2. How are volcanoes classified?
3. What are the examples of volcanoes found in
the Philippines?
67. What advocacy material can be created to raise
awareness on the signs of impending volcanic
eruption?
68. 1. Which of the following BEST describes a
volcano?
A. It is a place within the mantle where rocks melt to generate
magma.
B. It is a long tube in the ground that connects the magma chamber
to Earth’s surface.
C. It is an opening in the Earth's mantle through which lava, volcanic
ash, and gases escape.
D. It is an opening on the surface of the Earth that allows material
warmer than its surroundings to escape from its interior.
69. 2. Which of the following statements
about volcanoes is TRUE?
A. Volcanic eruptions can be predicted.
B. Volcanic eruptions are always violent.
C. Volcanoes cannot be found in bodies of
water.
D. Volcanoes give us information about inner
Earth
70. 3. What type of volcanoes are formed
from wide thin layers of lava?
A. lava domes
B. cinder cones
C. shield volcanoes
D. composite volcanoes
71. 4. What type of volcano is Mayon Volcano which is
formed from alternating layers of lava flow,
undissolved stone and ash?
A. lava domes
B. cinder cones
C. shield volcanoes
D. composite volcanoes
72. 5. Which of the following CORRECTLY describes
the composition and formation of composite
volcanoes?
A. It has a highly viscous or thick, slow moving lava.
B. It has a loose and fluid lava that flows over each other.
C. It is composed of boulders and formed by the collision of
oceanic plates.
D. It is composed of loose fragments from basaltic lava and
considered as the simplest type of volcano.
Mt. Makiling is an inactive stratovolcano located in the province of Laguna. Semi-detailed geologic field mapping on the northwestern low-level flanks and apron of the volcano was conducted
1640
March 26, 2022
June 15, 1991
On 11 June 2023, at around 7:47 PM, an effusive eruption (lava flow) commenced from the summit crater of Mayon Volcano. Since then, the very slow lave effusion has been observed every night until 23 October 2023.
Highest mountain in the Phils.
November 27, 2022
Mauna Loa is Earth's largest active volcano by both mass and volume. It was historically considered to be the largest volcano on Earth until Tamu Massif was discovered to be larger.