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Types Of
Unemployment
 Frictional
Unemployment: It
exists when there is
lack of adjustment
between demand for
and supply of labour
force.
 Example: When
someone is laid off,
changes jobs, or need
time to find a job after
graduating from school.
 Structural Unemployment: This refers to a situation when a large
number of people do not get work because of limited job opportunities
available.
 Causes of Structural Unemployment:
 New Technology
 New Resources
 Changes in Consumer Demand
 Globalization- Shift to foreign markets
 Lack of Education
 Example: Unemployment in India is basically structural in nature.
 Seasonal Unemployment: This refers to a situation when people get work
during some days or months of the year, but not regularly throughout the year
and, therefore, they are unemployed during some part of the year.
 Examples: When people who sell fire crackers on Diwali are out of a job
because the festival has passed.
 Cyclical Unemployment: It is associated with the downswing and depression
phases of business cycle.
 Examples: A recession causes people to save more and spend less, because of
this companies may slow down production and lay off workers.
 Open Unemployment: It refers to
situation when there are some workers
who have absolutely no work to do.
 Examples: Frictional, Structural and
Cyclical unemployment are different
examples of Open unemployment.
 Disguised Unemployment: This refers to a situation when the number of workers
engaged in a job is much more than actually required to do the given work.
 For Example, if a piece of land requires only three people to work on it and
instead five people are working on it, then the two extra people are said to be in
a situation of disguised unemployment.
 Underemployment: It refers to a situation when the employed persons are
contributing to production and income which is less than what they are really
capable of.
 For Example, an individual with an engineering degree working as a pizza
delivery man as his main source of income is considered to be
underemployed.
Thank You

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Types of unemployment

  • 2.  Frictional Unemployment: It exists when there is lack of adjustment between demand for and supply of labour force.  Example: When someone is laid off, changes jobs, or need time to find a job after graduating from school.
  • 3.  Structural Unemployment: This refers to a situation when a large number of people do not get work because of limited job opportunities available.  Causes of Structural Unemployment:  New Technology  New Resources  Changes in Consumer Demand  Globalization- Shift to foreign markets  Lack of Education  Example: Unemployment in India is basically structural in nature.
  • 4.  Seasonal Unemployment: This refers to a situation when people get work during some days or months of the year, but not regularly throughout the year and, therefore, they are unemployed during some part of the year.  Examples: When people who sell fire crackers on Diwali are out of a job because the festival has passed.
  • 5.  Cyclical Unemployment: It is associated with the downswing and depression phases of business cycle.  Examples: A recession causes people to save more and spend less, because of this companies may slow down production and lay off workers.
  • 6.  Open Unemployment: It refers to situation when there are some workers who have absolutely no work to do.  Examples: Frictional, Structural and Cyclical unemployment are different examples of Open unemployment.
  • 7.  Disguised Unemployment: This refers to a situation when the number of workers engaged in a job is much more than actually required to do the given work.  For Example, if a piece of land requires only three people to work on it and instead five people are working on it, then the two extra people are said to be in a situation of disguised unemployment.
  • 8.  Underemployment: It refers to a situation when the employed persons are contributing to production and income which is less than what they are really capable of.  For Example, an individual with an engineering degree working as a pizza delivery man as his main source of income is considered to be underemployed.
  • 9.