The document provides an overview of network topologies, explaining key concepts and various types such as point-to-point, bus, star, mesh, ring, token ring, and tree topology. Each topology has its own advantages and disadvantages related to connections, reliability, cost, and complexity. The document also emphasizes the importance of understanding these arrangements for effective network design and management.

1. Types of Networks
TOUFIQUE AHMED CHANDIO
BE COMPUTER SYSTEMS ENGINEERING
ME INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
EMAIL: TOFIQUEAHMED700@YAHOO.COM

2. Index
• What is Topology
• What is Network Topology
• Types of Topologies
• Graphical Presentation of all Topologies

3. What is Topology:
Topology means a geometric defined shaped
for arrangements of different devices and
nodes. It is basically known for networks and its
connections arrangements.

4. A Network topology means the arrangements of how devices and nodes
connected with each other. Basically it is physical and logical connection
between computers, devices and nodes and their lines.
It is geometrical shape or schema for layout of all devices and their
connections in a such way that they will be said as a “Network”.
Network Topology

5. Types of Network Topologies:
• Point to Point Topology
• Bus Topology
• Star Topology
• Mesh Topology
• Ring Topology
• Token Ring Topology
• Tree Topology

6. Point to Point Topology
This is the simplest way of topology. In this topology, the computer is directly
connected with each other.
This is more use for two computers, this is most reliable than others due to direct
connection. But the only disadvantage is it is use for only close network where two
or three computers are connected.

7. Bus Topology:
In Bus topology, every computer is directed connected with a single main line
called Bus. In other words we can say that, every Computer/Node/workstation
is directly connected through a cable that is backbone of network, known as
BUS.
This topology is simple, low-cost, easily to install, maintain and configure but
the only defect is if the main cable damage, the whole network is effected and
the network may be down. The risk of failure is always present is this kind of
network

8. Star Topology:
Star connection is also of the simple topology, this topology requires a central point that may
be hub/computer/server. All the computers, nodes connected with a single direct line with the
hub.
The logical connections can exchange the data through this hub. The main advantage of this type of
network is if any single line fail, than only that computer will be effected but if hub or server damage the
whole network down due to single hub.
This is more expensive than Bus due to extra cables for individual connections.

9. Mesh Topology
In Mesh topology, we have two types of Mesh, one is full mesh topology while other is
half mesh topology. In full mesh topology, every computer or node is connected with every other
computer or node within the network. While in Half Mesh network not all are connected with each
other but few of them, those are directly has exchange of data.
The typical Mesh topology is costly than Star, Bus and Point to Point because of extra connections with
each node.
The main advantage is if one node is down rest of other will work but it is more complex to install, maintain
and handle due to complex connections. The extra cable for individual computer makes it complex.
Full Mesh Half Mesh

10. Ring Topology
A Ring topology is said if every computer is connected with the other adjacent computers. In
ring topology is a close loop configuration topology. All computer connected indirectly with
each other, if a computer want to pass some kind of data to other PC, than data will be pass
through all computers that are be on same path.
A Ring topology is easy to configure but the main issue is if any of computer is damage the
whole network down.

11. Token Ring Topology
If a Token Ring protocol is used in a star or ring topology, the signal travels in
only one direction, carried by a so-called token from node to node

12. Tree Topology
In this type of topology, Two or more star topologies are connected in a single bus
network. It means the main hub of stars topologies are connected by a single bus
topology.

13. GRAPHICAL PRESENTATION OF ALL TOPOLOGIES