The document discusses different types of meaning in language as classified by linguist G. Leech. It describes conceptual meaning as the essential, logical meaning of language. Associative meaning includes connotative meaning, which is the additional implied meaning beyond conceptual content, as well as social, affective, reflective, collocative, and thematic meanings. Connotative meaning can vary between cultures and individuals and is more unstable than conceptual meaning. Social meaning conveys information about language usage contexts. Affective meaning shows attitude and evaluation. Reflective meaning arises from multiple conceptual meanings. Collocative meaning comes from words that commonly occur together. Thematic meaning is based on how the speaker organizes their message.
THIS THE THEORY OF OGDEN AND RICHARDS ON THE MEANING. it extract from their book of meaning of meaning. in which they discussed about the semantics triangle.
THIS THE THEORY OF OGDEN AND RICHARDS ON THE MEANING. it extract from their book of meaning of meaning. in which they discussed about the semantics triangle.
Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja
Ciclo Académico Abril Agosto 2011
Carrera: Inglés
Docente: Mgs. Gina Camacho Minuche
Ciclo: Séptimo
Bimestre: Segundo
Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja
Ciclo Académico Abril Agosto 2011
Carrera: Inglés
Docente: Mgs. Gina Camacho Minuche
Ciclo: Séptimo
Bimestre: Segundo
La Psicologia y aprendizaje de las Lenguas es un vocabulario, fonología, gramática, y otros aspectos de la estructura lingüística.
Al hacer uso de la palabra (o no), ¿qué decir a quién y cómo decirlo adecuadamente en cualquier situación dada.
El conocimiento social y cultural que permite a los oradores a usar e interpretar las formas lingüísticas.
A Radical Shift to a Profound and Rigorous Investigation in Political Discour...Bahram Kazemian
Drawing on overarching methodological frameworks of Hallidayan grammatical metaphor, Fairclough’s
perspective on critical discourse analysis and rhetoric, this study attempts to posit a novel, integrated and
practical approach to political, the media, advertisement and other discourses. To this end and based on the
proposed approach, it aims to critically and eclectically exemplify and dissect three speeches delivered by Mr.
Barack Obama, former president of the US, to first manifest the integrated approach practicality and adeptness
through analysis; then by virtue of analysis to unveil how language is manipulated and distorted by orators in
order to convey seamlessly intended messages and political creeds to the audience. Surveying recent annals of
literature, to date no one has conducted an integrated study applying these disciplines in an individual paper and
this study as a trial one can be useful for upcoming research. The analysis depicts practicality and efficiency of
the integrated approach and displays that the speeches abound with nominalizations, modal verbs, parallelisms
and antitheses. Furthermore, there are some three-part listing, the use of passivization, quotations and modality
metaphors. Therefore, a tendency to utilize more nominalizations, parallelism and other devices by the speaker
can be a fundamental reason for making his political language more powerful, impressive, persuasive and
ambiguous as well.
1. Types of Meaning
ASSIST. PROF. ADEL THAMERY (PHD)
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
COLLEGE OF ARTS
BASRA UNIVERSITY
2-14
2. British linguist G. Leech classified
meaning into: conceptual,
associative meaning.
Associative meaning into:
connotative, social, affective,
reflective, collocative and
thematic meaning.
3. Conceptual meaning
It is the essential and inextricable
part of what language is, and is
widely regarded as the central factor
in verbal communication. It is also
called logical, cognitive, or
denotative meaning.
4. Connotative meaning
Connotative meaning is the
communicative value that an
expression has by virtue of what it
refers to, over and above its purely
conceptual content. It can vary from
age to age, from society to society,
and from individual to individual.
6. Differences between conceptual and
connotative meaning
Compared with conceptual meaning,
connotative meaning is peripheral, and
relatively unstable, that is, it may vary
according to culture, historical period,
and the experience of the individual. In
addition, connotative meaning is
indeterminate and open-ended in a
sense in which conceptual meaning is
not.
7. Social meaning
Social meaning is the meaning
which an expression conveys
about the contexts or social
circumstances of its use. It chiefly
includes stylistic meaning of an
utterance. It is the formality of
the expression.
8. Examples
mother (formal), mom (colloquial),
mama (child’s language)
dollar (neutral) buck (slang)
father, papa, old boy
9. AAffffeeccttiivvee MMeeaanniinngg
The level of meaning that conveys the
language user’s feelings, including his
attitude or evaluation in shaping his
use of language is called affective
meaning or emotive meaning.
Ex. Politician---statesman
10. Reflective Meaning
reflective meaning is the meaning
which arises in cases of multiple
conceptual meanings, when one
sense of a word forms part of our
response to another sense. It is the
product of people’s recognition and
imagination.
12. Collocative meaning
collocative meaning is the
associations a word gets because
of the meanings of words which
tend to occur in its linguistic
context.
13. Samples:
fast
reading/friendship/color/road/car
have a fast; a period of fasting
Fast has such collocative meanings as
quick moving, capable of high speed,
firmly fixed, or abstaining from food
for a time.
14. Thematic meaning
The meaning arising out of the
way in which the writer or
speaker organizes his message is
called thematic meaning.
15. Examples:
1. Tomorrow I plan to have an outing.
2. I plan to have an outing tomorrow.
S1seems to answer the question:
When will you have an outing?; S2
What will you do tomorrow?