The Chanteclair chicken is Canada's first breed of chicken, designated as Quebec's provincial heritage animal in 1999. It was bred by Brother Wilfred Chatelain at the Cistercian Abbey in Oka, Quebec to withstand the harsh Canadian climate through a series of crosses between various chicken breeds. The Chanteclair lays brown eggs year-round, with good layers producing up to 210 eggs per year, and has yellow flesh and legs with no wattles. It is a calm and gentle bird currently with a population of 1,000-1,500 mostly in Quebec and is considered a critical and rare breed.