Still's disease, sometimes referred to as Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare systemic inflammatory disease characterized by the classic triad of persistent high spiking fevers, joint pain and a distinctive salmon-colored bumpy rash.
ANKLE FRACTURES
Pott’s fracture
A Pott’s fracture is a type of ankle fracture that is characterized by a break in one or more bony prominences on the sides of the ankle known as the malleoli.
Also known as Broken Ankle, Ankle Fracture and malleolar fracture.
Pott’s fracture often occurs in combination with other injuries such as a sprained ankle or other fractures of the foot, ankle or lower leg.
This presentation is made to act as a guide and a short reminder to clinicians and medical students on Volkmann's Ischaemic Contracture, which is a medical condition that can lead to activities limitation and public participation restriction. This presentation explore aspects of the condition such as what it is, causes, how it can be diagnosed, how it can be managed and others.
Still's disease, sometimes referred to as Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare systemic inflammatory disease characterized by the classic triad of persistent high spiking fevers, joint pain and a distinctive salmon-colored bumpy rash.
ANKLE FRACTURES
Pott’s fracture
A Pott’s fracture is a type of ankle fracture that is characterized by a break in one or more bony prominences on the sides of the ankle known as the malleoli.
Also known as Broken Ankle, Ankle Fracture and malleolar fracture.
Pott’s fracture often occurs in combination with other injuries such as a sprained ankle or other fractures of the foot, ankle or lower leg.
This presentation is made to act as a guide and a short reminder to clinicians and medical students on Volkmann's Ischaemic Contracture, which is a medical condition that can lead to activities limitation and public participation restriction. This presentation explore aspects of the condition such as what it is, causes, how it can be diagnosed, how it can be managed and others.
What/Where is the true source of PFP?
What theories do we use for diagnosing PFP and how does literature support the theories?
How can we better treat “PFPS” patients through a more thorough evaluation and the developing classifications of PF disorders?
All about Spondyloarthropaties also known as Seronegative Arthritis in a nutshell....includes Pathology,signs and symptoms, investigations, and latest approved treatment of all subtypes....compiled from Turek and Harrisons textbook.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
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2. Tb of the spine or Pott’s disease is a
presentation of extrapulmonary
tuberculosis that affects the spine,
a kind of tuberculous arthritis of the
intervertebral joints.
The lower thoracic and upper lumbar
vertebrae are the areas of the spine most
often affected.
Scientifically, it is called tuberculous
spondylitis
3.
4.
5. Pott’s disease results from haematogenous
spread of tuberculosis from other sites, often
pulmonary.
The infection then spreads from two adjacent
vertebrae into the adjoining intervetebral disc
space.
If only one vertebra is affected, the disc is
normal, but if two are involved, the disc, which
is avascular, cannot receive nutrients and
collapses.
The disc tissue dies leading to intervertebral
space narrowing and eventually to vertebral
collapse and spinal damage.
6. Incidence
In the United States, bone and soft
tissue tuberculosis accounts for
approximately 10% of extrapulmonary
TB cases and between 1% and 2% of
total cases.
Of these cases, Pott’s disease is the
most common manifestation of
musculoskeletal TB, accounting for
approximately 40-50%.
7. Ethnicity
Data from the United States show that
musculoskeletal tuberculosis primarily
affects African Americans, Hispanic
Americans, Asian Americans, and
foreign-born individuals.
8. Gender
Although some studies have found that
Pott’s disease does not have sexual
predilection, the disease is more
common in males.
The male to female ratio is reportedly
1.5-2:1.
9. Age
In the United States and other
developed countries, Pott’s disease
occurs primarily in adults.
In underdeveloped countries which have
higher rates of Pott’s disease,
involvement in young adults and older
children predominates.
10. back pain
Fever
Tenderness on furrow of the back
night sweating
anorexia
Spinal mass, sometimes associated with
numbness, paraesthesia, or muscle
weakness of the legs
Restriction of spinal movements
11.
12. blood tests
elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
>100 mm/h
Mantoux test results are positive in 84-
95% of patients with Pott disease who
are not infected with HIV.
13. radiographs of the spine:
Radiographic changes associated with
Pott’s disease present relatively late.
Lytic destruction of anterior portion of
vertebral body
Increased anterior wedging
Collapse of vertebral body
Reactive sclerosis on a progressive lytic
process
Enlarged psoas shadow with or without
calcification
20. The medical management is mainly
focused to eliminate the infection and
pain suppression
antituberculous drugs(rifampicin,
isoniazid,pyrazinamide,ethambutol and
streptomycin
Analgesics(pethidine,diclofenac)
21. Surgery may be necessary, especially to
drain spinal abscesses or to stabilize the
spine
Thoracic spinal fusion is done as a last
resort
24. Excersizes focusing on muscles of the
back can strenghthen them preventing
further kyphosis
Electrotherapy modalities are usefull in
alleviating pain
25. Since physio mx is mainly focused on
pain and muscle strength it can’t :
Reverse the bone destruction that takes
place
The necrosis that would have occurred
to ivds
stop the progression of the diseases
26. Modalities like ift can’t be used directly
on the vertebral column hence its effects
are not maxmal
Continued exercesizes might give a
muslce cast in the deformed position
27. Prognosis is variable, some individuals will
recover completely,particularly if the
infection has been cured.
Those requiring longterm suppressive
therapy may develop recurrences if drug
therapy is not maintained
Although spinal fusion maybe effective in
relieving pain discomfort depending on the
severity of the symptoms, surgery will not
however treat the underlying disease
28. In the past prior to discovery of drugs for
Tb, 20% of patients died and 30% had
recurrence of their symptoms.