Tsunamis are a series of waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or large lake. They are generated by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, glacier calvings, meteorite impacts, or underwater explosions including nuclear tests. The principal generation mechanism of a tsunami is the displacement of a substantial volume of water due to earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, glacier calvings, or rarely, meteorites and nuclear tests. The 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan was a magnitude 9.0 quake that created a tsunami up to 40 meters high, warning countries near the Pacific Ocean of one of the most deadly tsunamis