This PowerPoint presentation is based on the Life Sciences subject under the topic of Transport systems in Animals - The Heart

1. Transport systems in
Animals – The Heart
BY EA LOETO
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2. INTRODUCTION
• The heart is the main organ of the circulatory system.
• Function: Pumps blood throughout the body.
• Structure: 4 chambers i.e left and right ventricles, left and right atria.
• Associated vessels: Arteries, Veins and Capillaries.
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3. ARTERIES
• Function: Transports oxygenated blood except pulmonary artery.
• Main artery: Aorta – Pumps oxygenated blood AWAY from the heart.
• Other arteries: Renal artery (kidney); Hepatic artery (liver).
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4. VEINS
• Function: Transports deoxygenated blood except pulmonary vein.
• Main vein: Vena cava – Pumps deoxygenated blood TOWARDS the heart.
• Other veins: Renal vein (kidney); Hepatic vein (liver).
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6. CAPILLARIES
• Function: Connect arteries and veins.
• Structure: Thin walls to facilitate the exchange of substances.
• Transports nutrients TO and takes waste AWAY from tissues and organs.
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8. DOUBLE CIRCULATION
PULMONARY CIRCUIT
• Heart to lungs – deoxygenated blood.
• Lungs to heart – oxygenated blood.
SYSTEMIC CIRCUIT
• Heart to body cells – oxygenated blood.
• Body cells to heart – deoxygenated blood.
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9. BLOOD FLOW
BODY TO HEART
• Deoxygenated blood enters right atrium via
superior and inferior vena cava.
• It further flows into the right ventricle, then
to the lungs where CO₂ is unloaded and O₂
is loaded.
• Tricuspid valve: prevents backflow
between right atrium and right ventricle.
HEART TO BODY
• Once oxygenated, blood flows back into
the heart into the left atrium.
• It further flows into the left ventricle, then to
the body via aorta.
• Bicuspid valve: prevents backflow between
left atrium and left ventricle.
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10. HEART BOX DIAGRAM
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11. HEART DISEASES
• Heart attack: Caused by death of cardiac muscle tissue resulting from blockage of coronary
artery(s).
• Stroke: Caused by death of nervous tissue in the brain resulting from blockage/rupture of
artery(s) in the head.
• Atherosclerosis: Caused by build-up of fat deposits within the arteries.
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12. CONCLUSION
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• The heart is an important organ
because it is responsible for providing
all other body organs and tissues with
oxygen and ridding the waste such as
carbon dioxide.
• “Healthy heart, healthy body”.
• Eat healthy and exercise.
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13. REFERENCES
• Almiz, S. (2017). Anatomy and Physiology of the Heart. Available from Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/shaficiismail/cardio-vascular-system-anatomy-and-physiology
(Accessed 19 August 2023).
• Kuhn, T. (2011). The Circulatory System. Available from Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/trayster2/circulatory-system-slide-show (Accessed 19 August
2023).
• Sharma, N. (2014). The Circulatory System. Available from Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/niteshrox3/the-circulatory-system-by-nitesh-sharma (Accessed 19
August 2023).
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14. REFERENCES CONTINUED…
• Singh, A. (2015). Heart Diseases. Available from Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/ArmaanSingh786/heart-diseases-44732391 (Accessed 19 August
2023).
• Pascua, A. (2016). Circulatory System. Available from Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/AnjayloPascua/circulatory-system-65359038 (Accessed 19 August
2023).
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