The document discusses the relationship between hospitality, travel, and tourism. It notes that while travel encompasses all movement of people, tourism specifically refers to travels involving visiting attractions and enjoying hospitality services. The industries are interdependent, with attractions, accommodations, transportation, and other services relying on each other. Tour packages combine multiple components for convenience. Frequent flyer and guest programs incentivize return visits. The document also outlines different types of travel intermediaries and how they distribute travel products and services.

1. Travel and Tourism:
Partners in Hospitality

2. The Relationship of Hospitality to
Travel and Tourism
• The components of hospitality
network may be independent and
competitive businesses, yet they
share an interdependency that has
evolved over the centuries.

3. • Although travel encompasses all
movements or displacement of people,
not all travels involves tourism.
• Refugees, migrants, explorers, nomads,
soldiers, and commuters certainly travel,
but they are not tourist.

4. • Tourism-related travels involves the
movement of visitors to a place to enjoy
its attractions, special events,
hospitality, lodging, food, and
entertainment.

5. • Tourist- People who travel hundred
of miles or more and stays at least
one night away from home.
• Excursionist- People who travel to a
site and return home on the same
day.

6. • The tourism industry is concerned
with attractions and events that
draws tourist and excursionist to an
area.

7. Interdependence In Hospitality and
Tourism Network

8. • Without attractions and hospitality
establishments, there is usually no
popular destination; without a popular
destination, there may be no need for an
airport; without an airport, there maybe
less need for travel agent.

9. • The interdependence among the
components of hospitality, travel,
and tourism is strong, especially for
countries that relies on hospitality
and tourism for a major portion of
their economic base.

11. Tour and Travel Packages
• The travel hospitality, travel, and tourism
industry has recognized the advantage of
putting various components together
and selling them for single price.
• A tour package is a composite of related
services offered at a single price.

12. • The package might include more than
one transportation.
• Tour packages usually save people
money, and many people like having all
of the arrangements made for them as
they travel.

13. Frequent Flyers/Frequent Guest
Programs
• One innovative program introduced by the
airlines is the Frequent Flyers Program.
• Later, hotels adopted the idea, calling it the
Frequent Guest Program.
• Frequent Flyer privileges now include first-
class seats, preferential boarding, fast-track
security lines, and standby upgrading
privileges.

14. Familiarization Trip
• A Familiarization Trip or “Fam Trips” is a free
or reduced-price trip given to the travel
agents, travel writers, and others in the travel
trade, who will promote the destination.
• Several travel association hold annual trade
shows where suppliers, carriers, destination
marketing groups and intermediaries exhibit.

15. High-Tech Amenities
• Those businesses that target business
travellers offer extra services that facilitate
business transactions.
• Technological advances in air travel are
making it possible for air travellers conduct
their business.

16. • On board fax machines, credit card-
operated phones at every seat, and
business radio and video service help
business people keeping in touch with
their offices and the rest of the country
despite the fact that they are 30,000 ft.
above the ground.

17. •In September 1991,
Singapore Airlines became
the first to offer
international telephone
service from the sky.

18. • All components of the tourism and travel
network benefit from technological
advances. From quick-service restaurants
with customer-access computers for
ordering to remote offices centres in
hotels, high-tech amenities remain a
popular customer draw.

19. Female Business Travellers
• Women now make up over 46% of the total
work force.
• By the year 2014, women will account for
more that 47% of the total work force, and
61% of all working-age women will be
employed.

20. • When the market segment in the 1970’s,
industry professionals weren’t sure how to
handle it.
• Attempting to answer the question, “What
do businesswomen want?”.
• Some hotels instituted women-only floors
with pastel-coloured rooms.

21. • Some hotels provided magazines such as
Glamour or Cosmopolitan.
• This strategy proved to be a major blunder.
• Overall, female business travellers need the
same basic service as their male counterparts.

22. Distribution through Travel
Intermediaries
• Middlemen- business firms that
distributes products from the
producer to the clients.
• This middlemen are called travel
intermediaries.

23. • The most common travel intermediaries are
retail travel agents and whole sale tour
operators.
• Other types of travel intermediaries are
corporate travel managers, incentive houses,
meeting planners, and most importantly, in-
line travel agencies are becoming dormant

25. Retail Travel Agents
• A Retail Travel Agents is a retailer in travel
service who receives income directly from the
suppliers (airlines, hotels, car rental
companies) and other intermediaries in the
form of commission (typically 10% for airlines
and lodging).

26. • A retail travel agent also serves
as a counsellors, advertising
travellers on and
recommending destinations,
hotels, and carriers.

27. Tour Wholesalers and Operators
• A Tour Wholesalers is a company or an
individual who designs the package tours.
• Instead of buying each of this item separately,
the tourist purchases them all in one package,
usually for far less money than they would
cost if purchased one by one.

28. • Once a tour package is designed,
the Wholesalers sells the
packaged tour either directly to
clients, through retail travel
agents, or on their own e-
commerce Website.

29. • Three types of Wholesalers:
1. Charter Operators- assembles the package tour
and sells it to the public or tour operators.
2. Tour Operators- may then resell the package to
a group of tourist. The package usually include
an escort or guide with the tour.
3. Inbound Operators- Specialize in providing tour
packages to international travellers visiting U.S.

30. Corporate Travel Managers
• Many large corporations have in-house travel
departments headed by a corporate travel
manager.
• The corporate travel manager handles all
aspect of travel arrangements for employees
of the corporation.

31. • Many corporations think that an in-house
manager can reduce their travel cost and
increase their bargaining power in negotiating
prices for hotels, carriers. And other types of
travel services. The clients of the corporate
travel managers are employees of the
company, and most of the travel
arrangements are business purposes.

32. Incentive Houses
• A Incentive House manages incentive travel.
• Incentive travel is a marketing and
management tool currently used by many
North American corporations to motivate
clients, salespeople, and others employees to
meet sales objective.

33. • Case studies show that incentive travel
program can be a powerful management and
marketing tool.
• The most frequent users of travel incentives in
North America are insurance companies and
home appliance manufacturers
• Usually, incentive travel redemption occurs at
exotic destinations.
• Destination promoters and marketers are well
aware of this phenomenon and their products
accordingly.

34. Meeting Planners
• The increasing number of conventions and
meetings has led to the creation of the
position of professional Meeting Planners.
• A Meeting Planner, whether independent or
an employee of an association or a
corporation, coordinates every details of
meeting and conventions, which can be
complicated affairs.

35. • Meeting Planners needs specialized knowledge and
skills to handle all these details for an event
efficiently.
• As a result many associations and corporations have
found that hiring a meeting planner is a must for a
successful meeting or conventions.
• Today travel agencies are both traditional e-
commerce based. Significant travel and travel-related
service can be assembled online. Indeed, often the
best pricing is available through on-line sources.

36. Choosing Destinations Today
• Travellers today avail themselves of hospitality
service for many as the same reason as in the
past.
• The two main reason for travel are Business
and Leisure-time activities.

38. Business Activities
• Business travel has become an important part
of hospitality and tourism industry.
• The airline, rental car and Lodging industries
are particularly interested in this segment
because it is not as variable as pleasure travel.
• Destination choice for the business travellers
rarely matter of personal taste or preference.

39. • Although demand for business travel is elastic,
meaning demand changes with economic
conditions, it is not as elastic as the demand
for pleasure travel.
• Pleasure travel can be postponed when the
economy is poor.
• Whether economy is bad or good, certain
types of business travel must still take place.

40. • Business travel is less seasonal than
pleasure travel.
• Whereas most vacations travel
occurs during warm weather
months, business travel occurs
continually through out the year.

41. • Meetings and conventions account for a large
segment of business travel.
• Originally a convention referred to a meeting
with large numbers of people in attendance.
• Today it is generic term referring to a virtually
any size of business or professional meeting
held in one specific locations.

42. • Conventions are held by large
corporations, government agencies,
and other organizations known as
SMERF (Social, Military, Educational,
Religious, and Fraternal) groups.

43. Business people and professional people travel
to meetings and convention for a variety of
reason:
• To learn the latest trends in an industry.
• To take part in training programs.
• To see demonstration of new technologies.
• To meet contacts.
• To find out about the competitions.

44. Leisure- Time Activities
• Leisure- Time destination choices
and motivations for travel can be
grouped to common categories.

45. Visiting Friend and Relatives
• One of the strongest factors in choosing a
destination is the desire to visit friends and
relatives. Although people visiting other
people often do not need commercial lodging,
they will probably take advantage of other
hospitality and tourism services such as
recreation, attraction, food, and many more.

46. Education
• Some people choose a destination because of
the opportunity it offers for further their
studies.
• Elderhostel a none profit that offers
educational tours for mature adults often
organizes group study the language, art,
culture, nature or history.

47. Culture
• Cultural attractions are very popular to
tourist. Art museums, natural history
museums, historical villages, Icons,
architectural masterpieces.

48. Nature
• Visiting natural landmarks as a destination is
largely a 19th century U.S creation.
• The accommodations at nature sites may be
on the rustic side and some tourist may rely
on camping gear and stay at campsites.

49. Recreation
• Destinations that offer visitors the
opportunity to participate of sports
or activities such as hiking, golf,
fishing or gaming draw large crowds.

50. Historical Significant Places
• A serious side to leisure-time travel involves
memorials and monuments. Many tourist visit
monuments that have been erected to honour
an individual or group of people in
remembrance of the lost of their lives or their
patriotic tribute.

51. Events
• Sometime people arrange their
vacation travel around specific
events. The events may involve
sports, such as Olympic Games,
Super Bowl, or The World Cup soccer
finals.

52. Religion
• Religious holidays, pilgrimages
and pageants have long
motivated people to travel.

53. Health
• Spas are popular today as they were during
Roman era. People travel to places that would
help them shape up, trim down, or feel better
physically. Sometimes destinations are chosen
due to it’s climate.

54. Other Factors
• Other Factors also affect the choice of
destination. These includes ease of access,
price, attractive advertising, and level of
satisfactions in previous experiences. Another
factor is the attitude of the local residents.
Vacationers are more likely to return to a
destination where they feel welcome than to
one where they feel unwanted.

55. Multiple Motivations
• Obviously, these categories are very general.
Any one destination may be chosen for a
number of reasons.
• In addition, one destination might offer
different motivation to same visitors.