L'approvisionnement en engrais et autres intrants agricoles dans l'espace CEDEAO

1. Lomé, 6th DECEMBER 2022
ANNUAL MEETING
Ferlilisers and other agricultural
inputs supply in the Sahel and West
Africa: Challenges and prospects
Alain Sy TRAORE
Dir. Agriculture et Développement Rural
ECOWAS COMMISSION - atraore@ecowas.int
www.ecowap.ecowas.int

2. OUTLINE
1.Fertilizer Market - under
preasure!
2.Various Responses
3.What we’d like to see

3. Fertilizer markets

4. A fast-growing fertilizer market in West Africa
• Consumption : 3.5 to 4 million tons products since 2017
• 2x since 2010
• Crisis: 1.2-1.5 million tons “missing” in 2022
• Nigeria production capacity: 6.5 mt of urea p.a.
• Nutrients: 60% N (urea, AS, NPKs), 20% P (DAP, TSP,
NPKs), 20% K (MOP, NPKs)
• Finished products: 50% NPKs + 40% urea + 10% others
• Still in the 20-25 kg/ha/year (India: 209 kg/ha in 2021)

5. Fertilizer production in West Africa – it’s Nigeria now
Granular Urea
Producers
Location Fertilizers Annual
Capacity
Commissioned
Dangote Lekki Granular urea 3 mt 2021
Indorama Eleme Granular urea 3 mt 2016
Notore Onne Granular urea 0.5 mt 1988
Urea - Nigeria
53%
Phosphate rock -
Burkina Faso,
Mali, Senegal,
Togo
41%
NPK granulated -
Senegal
2%
Organic fertilizers -
Benin, Burkina Faso,
Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana,
Mali, Senegal
2% DAP/MAP -
Senegal
2%
FERTILIZER PRODUCTION - 2021
0
1,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
4,000,000
5,000,000
6,000,000
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
FERTILIZER PRODUCTION (2010 - 2020)
Benin
Ghana
Cote d'Ivoire
Burkina Faso
Senegal
Mali
Togo
Nigeria
MT

6. Producing NPKs – we can blend in West Africa !
• Blending or in transit ?
• Blending options in
Abidjan, Bamako, Bobo,
Dakar, Lomé
• Benin : compounds
• Blending guideline
• Before the crisis
• Ghana smuggling to
Burkina
• 2022
• Sanctions against Mali
• Competitive compounds
• The “northern corridor”
• The San Pedro corridor
More than 90 blending plants are in operation in West Africa

7. Fertilizer imports – close to 3 millions tons per year
Countries / Products Urea SoA NPK Other N total (tons)
Benin 72,192 433 214,078 64 286,768
Burkina Faso 57,260 59 135,569 2,492 195,380
Cote d'Ivoire 92,511 23,828 89,584 3,519 209,442
Ghana 57,014 31,348 222,904 6,566 317,832
Mali 228,237 30,499 94,893 24 353,653
Niger 18,210 46 7,030 1,410 26,695
Nigeria - 93,134 943 - 94,077
Senegal 47,236 1,166 19,684 1,670 69,756
Togo 20,520 - 43,300 - 63,820
Cape Verde - - - - -
Gambia - - - - -
Guinea 6,494 - 14,347 - 20,841
Guinea-Bissau 167 - 500 - 667
Liberia - - - - -
Sierra Leone - - - - -
Total (MT) 599,842 180,512 842,832 15,746 1,638,931
Imports of nitrogen fertilizers (average 2019-2021)

8. Fertilizer prices remain very high, and volatile
Source: Nov 18 bulletin, Afriqom. CFR price: Cost and Freight - delivered to port, before unloading
• N - Urea prices are correcting sharply, but are still 2 times more
expensive than in 2016-2020
• P - Prices of phosphate fertilizers (DAP, MAP, TSP, NPK) are
declining, but remain expensive and difficult to source
• K - Potash is at historic highs, and difficult to source. Without K,
blending plants are at a standstill.
U/R
COVID
U/R
COVID
U/R
COVID
• Prices unlikely to return soon to pre-COVID levels
• We should target USD500 (Sept 2021 levels)

9. VARIOUS RESPONSES

10. ECOWAS (POLITICAL) responses
• ECOWAS technical meeting
• May 17: Regional Technical meeting
• June 2: Ad Hoc Ministerial Sub-Committee on
Fertilizers
• Target: finance and distribute 500kt of fertilizers
• Key recommendations (out of 13)
• Financing mechanisms [with EBID]
• Set efficient subsidy responses to support PS
• Fertilizer as a strategic product without borders
• Meet the demand for 2022 off-season and
prepare for 2023
• Build up strategic reserves
• Promote integrated soil fertilizer management
• Promote domestic production of organic and
inorganic fertilizers

11. • EBID/BIDC CAPEX Fund for +450 Millions
USD
• 2022 discounts & donations
• OCP (P), Yara (N), Uralchem (K) ++
• Total of 593,000 mt announced
• Over 350,000 mt tracked
• 2023
• AfDB $1.6 bn Food Emergency Program - $1.6bn
• Afreximbank Ukraine Crisis Adjustment Trade
Financing Programme for Africa (UKAFPA) - $4.1 bn
• WFP / Uralchem [37kt MOP]
• OCP 4 m tons, 40 countries, 40 m farmers
• Sustain Africa
 Coordinate interventions
 Don’t distort the market
 Short- and long-term impacts
Industry & donors' responses

12. More technical resources
de6veloped
• WA Fertilizer Business Information Guide
• Trade/production stats, policies, regulations
• WA Fertilizer and Seed Recommendations Map
• Over 800 agro-input packages covering 15 countries
• WA Smart Fertilizer Subsidy Programs Guide
• 13 guiding principles, 36 actions
• Fertilizer Cost Simulator
• Costing of raw materials, straight or blended fertilizers
• Country Fertilizer Statistics and Factsheets
• By product; from 2010 to 2021
• Production, imports, export, consumption
• Country Fertilizer Dashboards
• Active: Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya
• More to come: Senegal, Zambia, Malawi
• FertiNews by AfricaFertilizer.org
• Monthly free fertilizer market bulletins (En / Fr)
• New AfricaFertilizer.org website
• launch Nov 29, 2022

13. Example 1 - The Africa Fertilizer Watch

14. In perspective = AFSH
• 20-23 June 2023 in Dakar
• “Africa Fertilizer Summit #2” + Soils
• 10-year road map
• Workstreams
 Fertilizer Market Development & Shocks
 Fertilizer Finance
 Soil Health and Fertility
 Farm and Fertilizer Economics
 Soil Initiative for Africa

15. What we’d like to see

16. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION