CNS (Communication, Navigation and Surveillance) Airport Authority of India, Pantnagar Summer Internship PPT

1. Submitted By : Prajjwal Rohela
B.Tech (7th Semester).
Department of Electronics And Communication
Engineering
School of Engineering And Technology
HNBGU, Srinagar Garhwal
Uttarakhand – 246174

2. AIR TRAFFIC SAFETY ELECTRONICS PERSONNEL
COMPETENCY BASED TRAINING AND ASSESSMENT

3. TABLE OF CONTENT
• AIM
• Introduction to AAI
• Communication
• Communication facilities
• VHF
• AMSS
• Navigation
• Navigation facilities
• DME
• ILS
• Surveillance
• RADAR
• ATC (Tower)
• Refrences

4. AIM
TO GET ACQUAINTED WITH COMMUNICATION NAVIGATION &
SURVILLANCE AIDS IN AIRPORT AUTHORITY IN INDIA

5. INTRODUCTION TO AAI
• Airports Authority of India (AAI) was constituted by an Act of Parliament and came into
being on 1st April 1995 by merging erstwhile National Airports Authority and International
Airports Authority of India.
• Arvind Singh is the current chairman of the AAI.
• The Airport falls into four categories in India :
• Domestic
• International
• Defence
• Private
• At present there are total 134 airports in India.
• In which, 64 airports have Domestic status and 22 others have International status.
• 32 airports are Defence airports and 16 airports have Private status.

6. COMMUNIATION
Communication is the exchange of voice and data information between pilot and air
traffic controller of flight information centers.
Air to
Ground
Ground to
Ground
COMMUNICATION

7. COMMUNICATION FACILITIES
• VHF Air-to-Ground Voice Communication facilities
• Digital Voice Tape Recorder
• Dedicated Satellite Communication Network
• Voice Communication System
• Automatic Message Switching System

8. VHF COMMUNICATION FACILITIES
• The EM wave having frequency range 30MHz to 300MHzare defined as Very High
Frequency (VHF) radio waves.
• It is usually suitable for mobile applications, as these frequencies are not affected by
atmospheric noise.
• VHF Range in PANTNAGAR : 119.5 MHz
• Users : Air Traffic Controllers.

9. FUNCTIONS OF VHF
• Providing radio communication between ATC and Aircraft.
• Serviceability of mains and standby equipment is around 99.9%.
• All preventive and corrective maintenance schedules are performed.

10. VHF TRANSMITTER
• Transmitter uses an oscillator to produce the desired radio frequency current.
• Synthesizer is required to generate a range of frequencies.
• PLL is used for synthesizing
• Here Crystal Controlled oscillator is normally employed to provide better frequency
stability. Thinner the crystal, higher will be the operating frequency.

11. VHF RECIEVER
• Sensitivity : Ability to receive the weakest signal is very high of the VHF receiver.
• Selectivity : Ability to reject the adjacent channel is also of very high range of the
VHF receiver we uses.
• Fidelity : Quality of reproduction of the receiving signal is very good of the VHF
receiver.

12. VHF TRANSMITTER AND RECIEVER

13. AMSS(AUTOMATIC MESSAGE SWITCHING SYSTEM)
• The AMSS is a computer-based system, centred on the Aeronautical Fixed
Telecommunication Network (AFTN).
• AMSS work on the principle of “store” and “forward”.
• AMSS has four major areas are:-
System
Switching
Message
Automation
• AFTN is a world wide system of aeronautical fixed circuits provided for the exchange
of message and/or digital data between aeronautical fixed station.

14. NAVIGATION
• Navigation element of CNS/ATC system is meant to provide accurate, reliable and
seamless position determination capability.
• Its an art to determine the position of the aircraft over the earth’s surface and guide
its progress from one place to another.
• In twentieth century, electronics also entered in the aviation field.
• Direction finder and other navigation aids enables the navigators to obtain fixes
using electronic aids only.
• These are the aids which gone very popular in today’s time which came into
extensive use.

15. NAVIGATION FACILITIES
• VHF Omni-Directional Range (VOR)
• Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)
• Instrument Landing System (ILS)

16. (DME)DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT
• It is the vital navigation aid that provides a pilot with visual information regarding
his position regarding to the ground.
• The facility even through possible to locate independently, normally it is collected
with either VOR or ILS.
• Frequency Range : 962 MHz to 1215 MHz.
• This the most suitable frequency range for DME, as it has less reflection and
attenuation.

17. DISTANCE MEASURING INSTRUMENT

18. (ILS)INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM
• Instrument landing system provides a means for safe landing of aircraft at airport
under conditions of low ceiling and limited visibility.
• It also increases the traffic handling capacity of the airport under all weather
conditions.
• The basic philosophy of ILS is the ground installation of the aircraft which is located
in the vicinity of the runway.
• ILS provide transmit coded signals in such a manner that pilot is given information
indicating position of the aircraft with respect to the correct approach path.

19. SURVEILLANCE
• Act of watching or monitoring the behaviour, activities or other changing
information is said to be surveillance.
• It is mainly divided into two parts : -
Dependent Surveillance
Independent Surveillance
• In dependent surveillance systems, aircraft system is determined on the board and
then transmitted to ATC.
• In independent surveillance systems, aircraft position is determined from the
ground.

20. RADAR
• RADAR stands for “RAdio Detection And Ranging”.
• It is object oriented system that uses radio waves to determine the range, altitude,
direction or speed of objects.
• It simply works as a SONAR but there is the only difference is of the signal used.
• In SONAR we uses sound waves and in RADAR we uses radio waves.
• It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles.
• The radar dish or antenna transmit pulse of radio waves or microwave that bounces
off any object in their path.

21. (ATC)AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL OR TOWER
This is the system rendered between the Air Traffic Control institutions and the aircraft
to secure the safety and the mobility of aircraft by providing navigation or advice,
information about aircraft and the airport weather.

22. REFERENCES
• http://www.aai.aero
• http://en.m.Wikipedia.org

23. THANK YOU

24. ANY QUERIES
?