The document discusses the significance of training and development in human resource management, emphasizing its role in enhancing individual and organizational performance. It outlines the definitions, importance, challenges, and principles of effective training methodologies, as well as the steps involved in the training process. The conclusion reinforces the necessity for organizations to invest in training to adapt to changing environments and improve overall competitiveness.

3. Muhammad Irfan Akbar (M-15823)
Mustaqeem Haider Ali (B-18497)
Saqib Dogar (B-18602)
Group Members:

4. Topic:

5. INTRODUCTION OF TOPIC:
Management
HRM
HRD
Training and
Development

6. TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT:
“Training and development is a function of human resource management
concerned with organizational activity aimed at bettering the performance of
performance of individuals and groups in organizational settings.”

7. TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT:
• Training:
• “Improving the knowledge, skills and attitudes of employees for short-term, particular to specific job or
particular to specific job or task.”
• Like, Employee Orientation, Skill and Technical Training, Coaching, Counselling.
• Development:
• “Preparing for future responsibilities, while increasing the capacity to perform at a current job.”
current job.”
• “It is about the change of whole person not just the academic or vocational pieces of knowledge or
of knowledge or skills needed for work.”
• Like, Management Training, Supervisor Development.

8. IMPORTANCE OF TRAINING &
DEVELOPMENT:
To make employees social and for stress management
To Help a Company Fulfil Its Future Personnel Needs
To Increase Productivity
To Improve Quality
 To Improve Organizational Climate
Improve morale of work force
Helps create a better corporate image.

9. IMPORTANCE OF TRAINING &
DEVELOPMENT:
Aids in organizational development.
Improves labor-management relations and creates an appropriate climate for growth,
communication.
To make employees creative and innovative.
Aids in encouraging and achieving self-development and self-confidence.
Increases job satisfaction and recognition.
Develops a sense of growth in learning.

10. THE GAP CONCEPT:
Performance/
Results
Time
Expected Curve
Actual Curve
Gap1000 Cars
200 Cars
800 Cars

11. INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL:

12. CHALLENGES FOR HRD:
• Competing in global economy
• Eliminating the skills gap
• Need for lifelong learning
• Workforce diversity

13. ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGY IN T&D:
• Contributing to training has long been one of the main concerns of occupational
psychology.
• training involves learning and that learning is a central issue in psychology.
• Training is one of the core skills of occupational psychology.
• It suggests different techniques and methods to resolve the problems regarding
training and development.
• It tells how training relates to other interventions aimed at improving job
performance.
• That is why psychologists are hired to train the management trainees.

14. FIVE PRINCIPLES OF LEARNING:
• Participation: involve trainees, learn by doing
• Repetition: repeat ideas & concepts to help people learn
• Relevance: learn better when material is meaningful and related
• Transference: to real world using simulations
• Feedback: ask for it and adjust training methods to audience.

15. TRAINING PROCESS STEPS:
TNA
Training Budget
Training Plan
Training Module Development
Training Delivery
Feedback
Training Impact Assessment

16. TRAINING NEED ANALYSIS (TNA):

17. SAMPLE TRAINING PLAN:

20. THE ASK CONCEPT:
• If we follow the GAP concept, training is simply a means to
use activities to fill the gaps of performance between the
actual results and the expected results.
• This GAP can be separated into 3 main themes:
1. Attitude
2. Skills
3. Knowledge

21. DIFFICULTY LEVEL:
Rank ASK by difficulty to develop in people
•Attitude
•Skills
•Knowledge
•Easy
•Moderately difficult
•Most difficult

22. JOB ANALYSIS:
Job design
Job Rotation
Job Simplification
Job Enlargement
Job Enrichment

23. PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT:
• It is also known as "Talent Management”
• Performance appraisal is a formal structured system of measuring and
evaluating an employee’s job related behavior and outcomes to discover
how and why the employee is presently performing on the job and how
the employee can perform more effectively in the future so that the
employee, organization and society all benefit.
• Employee Scorecard:
• It is part of performance management.
• This technique is used to know about the current performance of employees.

24. SUCCESSION PLANNING:
• It is part of performance management.
• It is the process where by an organization ensures that employees are
recruited and developed to fill each key role for organization.
• Through your succession planning process, you recruit superior
employees, educate their knowledge, skills and abilities and prepare
them advancement and promotion into ever more challenging role.

25. HRD PROCESS:
Observe
Review
Action
Plan

26. TYPES OF TRAINING:
Skills Training
Retraining
Cross-Functional Training
Team Training
Creativity Training
Literacy Training
 Diversity Training
Customer Service Training

27. THE THREE DIMENSIONS OF HRD:
• Cognitive Capacities
• Capabilities
• Desired Behaviors

28. A TRAINING LESSON PLAN:
• Topic
• Summary of Key Points
• Training Objectives
• Duration of Each Activity in Each Session
• Training Contents
• Training Methods / Activities
• Break(s)
• Exercise to Warm Up
• Questions to test Understanding
• Conclusion

29. EXAMPLES OF INVESTMENT IN TRAINING:
• The budget of Mets Serla Corporation for training and development of employees
was 10 million US dollars in1995-1996.
• Etisalat the world’s biggest telecommunication company is investing huge amounts
in training and development, they have established their own training academy.
• Fatima Fertilizers have 50,000 hours training to its employees in 2011.
• Atlas Honda Pakistan have spent 2.66 billion for training activities in 2009.
• Bolan Casting have invested 2 million Rs. on employees training in 2011.

30. CONCLUSION:
• As we know that environment is changing so rapidly. Profit margins are
decreasing. Organizations are also facing intense competition due to
globalization. Organizations can overcome these challenges only through
trained and developed workforce.
• So, we should invest maximum on training and development and consider
the cost of training and development as an investment. Because it will
return much more in future beyond your expectations.