Se explica toda la información de la construcción de un filtro casero de agua

1. Ministerio de Educación
Centro Bilingüe Vista Alegre
Science’s Project
“Washing Machine Water Purifier”
Students:
Ilze Herrera
Stefanie Dominguez
Alberto Sánchez
Talifcka González
Gabriel Robles
Level:
11ºA
Professor:
Israel Torres
2017

2. Summary
Our project consists of a water purifier, however, it is not based so
much on purification, if not in water because, did you know that
scientists say that the next World War will be for water?
Water is a vital resource for every living thing. Because of this
through research we discover that one of the things that most spends
water a day to day is the washing machine; On the basis of that we
arose the doubt of how to decrease the loss of water.
And we came up with a purifier. Our purifier consists of two parts
chemical and mechanical because it must go down many conduits to
reach its destination and chemistry because to clean it should be
used certain compounds such as activated charcoal, polyfil and alum
stone.
Our project can purify between 2 to 3 washes (depending on the
amount of water used by a washing machine, as it varies between 60
to 90 cycles) by reagents. Unfortunately the resulting water is not
suitable for human consumption because if ph can vary between 5.5
to 6 and the human being can withstand between 6 to 8. However
the plants support between 4.5 and 7 so they can resist that
water.The water can also be used in everyday tasks such as cleaning
floors, scrubbing, etc…

3. Introduction
In this work we will play some important issues such as water and
its conservation. From remote times living beings have always
needed water either for consumption or for tasks, as the times have
passed has been losing interest in the care of the same wasting and
fouling.
On the basis of this we have asked ourselves a question "What will
we do when the drinking water runs out?" Before this we did not
have a solution, but if a suggestion we save now to prevent it from
ending.

4. Purpose
The water has a series of characteristics which without realizing it in
a certain way are the ones that give rise to life but we have been
contaminating it with chemical acids and other series of toxic
substances. Contaminated waters present a pH in 4.5 while it should
be 7.
In our work we try to remove the acidity to the water in order to
bring it to the most neutral possible. We pass them through a
filtration consisting of alum stone, charcoal and cotton.
Every living thing needs water to live, water is one of the most
investigated compounds in all of history but the least known is that
lately water is being wasted, we want to find an alternative to save
part of that vital substance and so not have to waste it.

5. Description of the settings
Of geographical areas in the world there are many, but that is closer
can be any neighborhood again Arraiján because it is constantly
going to water either because of problems in the same neighborhood
or problems in the water. These low water so call it occur frequently
and without warning. But it would be useful to be washing and to go
and to reuse it.
Recycled water from washing (previously explained) could be
reused to perform daily tasks such as scrubbing, washing the floor,
watering the plants, bathing, etc…, and so don’t spend drinking
consumption.

6. Research Questions
 How can we get people interested in saving water?
A: We could create campaigns to raise people's awareness of
the scarcity of world water and to be able to understand that
drinking water is not infinite, it ends and is now running out.
 If some kind of chemical is added to the contaminated water,
would we be able to make it completely alkaline?
A: This is difficult to answer because we would have to do a
thorough investigation into the types of bacteria that are in the
water by then proceeding to investigate which chemical is
capable of eliminating these bacteria.
 Is purified water in this process suitable for use in plants?
A: Yes, because the ph registered in purified water is in a
range of 5.5 to 6, and the plants support a ph of 5 to 6.

7. Objectives
General objectives
 The water filter was made in order to purify the poor water
in the city or town
 Conserve water as much as possible
 Extending the useful life of the water to our benefit
 Inform, educate and show convincing results about the
appropriate use and saving of drinking water that we have at
our disposal through various educational campaigns in the
school and in our homes from different advertising and
information media that allow us to see reality and generate
awareness throughout the community towards the
conservation and care of this resource.
Specific objectives
 Recognize the properties of water.
 Minimize pollution in water.
 Maximize water use.
 Encourage the entire educational community towards the
care and conservation of water
 Propose water saving as a constant activity in different
places of development: home, institution, community,
municipality, department, country, and the whole world
 Implement mechanisms that contribute to the care and
preservation of water, thus achieving the desirable level of
quality of consumption and treatment of this valuable
resource.

8. Theoretical Framework
Water
is a vital resource for
every living thing
Contaminated
has a pH of 4.5
Clean
has a pH of 7
We want
to purify it
How?
With a purifier
(based on activated
charcoal, polyfil and
alum stone)
Results

9. Methodology
1. Buy the materials
 2 plastic containers
 1-1/2 inch PVC valve
 4-1/2 inch pvc male
connector
 4-1/2 inch female pvc
connector
 2-90 ° angle of 1/2 pvc
 50 cm 1/2 inch pvc
tube
 30 cm 4 inch pvc tube
 2 pvc cover for 4-inch
pipe
 1 roll Teflon tape
 Sand
 Small strainer
 24 x 24-inch playwood
board
 PVC glue
2. Once purchased the materials we can start with the
construction of the purifier
3. First, measure a 30 cm long section in the 4-inch tube and cut
with the blade, taking care not to cut it sideways
4. Second, proceed to cut the ½-inch tubes into parts between 5
and 10 cm to attach the purifier to the vessels.
5. Third, we return to the 4-inch tube, inside which will be the
materials that will filter the water (activated carbon, polyphil
and alum stone). Using a drill we open a ½ inch gap in the
bottom of the tube to introduce a ½ inch tube. With a lid sealed
one side of the 4-inch tube and proceed to place the materials
from below up in the following order, first the wire mesh,
second activated carbon, third the polyphil and finally the alum
stone.
6. Then we open a ½ inch gap to the remaining lid to place the
tube to be connected to the vessel where the washer water will
go.
7. We connect the main vessel with the purifier by means of
elbows.

10. 8. To seal the union under pressure of the ½ inch tube with the ½
inch gap we use male and female connectors.
9. At the end of the section of pipe that we place in the bottom of
the tube of 4 inches we place a stopcock to regulate the amount
of water that will leave.
10. Finally we seal the whole system with PVC glue.
11. Now we proceed with the base where the system will go.
12. We cut a playwood board about 24 inches long by 24
inches wide.
13. We cut 2 pieces of a 1 m wood for the supports.
14. Screw the supports to the base and glue the vessels to the
supports.

11. Findings
We discovered that we managed to raise the PH level of 4.5
(considered acid) to 5.5-6 (this is due to the margin of error).
We managed to return the water more alkaline than before and
give us the possibility to use it in plants (since the plants support
a pH between 5 and 6), washing the floor, scrub, among other
things.
We also found that the project proved to be very low cost and
with a good awareness campaign for the community we could
implement it.

12. Conclusions
To do this work we rely on only one question.
What will we do when the water runs out?
We did not find him answer to solve it, but if he did not arrive so
fast to that situation.
Because of this we decided to do this project, we all complain about
the lack of water or its turbidity, when it comes to looking for guilty
it is always the government or the IDAAN, but we are ourselves, we
waste it and practically exploit its use to such a degree which does
not provide "for so many people."
Our goal was to create awareness that there is a problem and at the
same time to find a solution.
As for its utility by pH, we managed to increase from 4.5 to 5.5 and
6.0. Although pH for human consumption is acceptable between 6.0
and 8.0 is not recommended for human consumption as it will
maintain a margin of error.

13. Special Thanks
Well we would like to thank our professors of the scientific area
(specifically our biology teacher, Noris Alamanza and our chemistry
teacher, Cesar Cunningham) because they were as a guide in the
creation and development of the project. We would also like to
thank Professor Israel Torres, because he lent us his hours to carry
out the project.

14. Bibliographical References
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=65WwYxlkGD4&t=8
36s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZijxP6WDCYE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uS4GR3fMG34
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YlKbnuqqxC4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IvalpxRPbBw

15. Appendix
Scale Drawings